Exam 2 Flashcards
(151 cards)
1
Q
What is the largest nerve in the body? A. Gastrocnemius B. Radial C. Sciatic D. Femoral
A
C. Sciatic
2
Q
The Superior Radio-Ulnar Joint is a _______ Joint
A
Pivot
3
Q
The Humero-Ulnar Joint is a _______ Joint
A
Hinge
4
Q
The Humero-Radial Joint is a _______ Joint
A
Ball & Socket (Modified Ball & Socket)
5
Q
The antagonist of the Bicep is the ______
A
Tricep
6
Q
In anatomical position, the Radius is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the Ulna. A. Inferior B. Superior C. Medial D. Lateral
A
D. Lateral
7
Q
In anatomical position the hands are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Supinated B. Pronated C. Rotated D. Circumducted
A
A. Supinated
8
Q
Which structure is NOT part of the arm? A. Humerus B. Biceps C. Triceps D. Radius
A
D. Radius
9
Q
How many heads does the Bicep have?
A
Two Heads (Long Head/Short Head)
10
Q
Which is not a wrist bone? A. Capitate B. Triquetral C. Metacarpal D. Pisiform
A
C. Metacarpal
11
Q
Which bone of the foot is most medial?
A. Talus
B. Cuboid
C. Calcaneus
A
A. Talus
12
Q
T/F: Arteries carry blood towards the heart
A
False
13
Q
The Tibia is \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the Fibula A. Inferior B. Anterior C. Superficial D. Medial
A
D. Medial
14
Q
The origin of the Flexor Hallucis Longus is: A. Hallux B. Posterior Fibula C. Posterior Tibia D. Talus
A
B. Posterior Fibula
15
Q
The insertion of the TIbialis Posterior is: A. Hallux B. 2nd Cuneiform C. Navicular D. Medial Tarsals
A
D. Medial Tarsals
16
Q
The origin of the Tibialis Anterior is the: A. Medial Tibia B. Lateral Tibia C. 1st Metatarsal D. 5th Metatarsal
A
B. Lateral Tibia
17
Q
What type of bone is the Patella? A. Short B. Long C. Sesamoid D. Endochondral
A
C. Sesamoid
18
Q
Which group of vertebrae does the Atlas belong to? A. Thoracic B. Cervical C. Sacral D. Lumbar
A
B. Cervical
19
Q
T/F: All Cervical vertebrae have a foramen in the transverse process
A
True
20
Q
The function of the Dens (C2) is to what?
A. Help with posture
B. Act as a pivot for the skull (side to side)
C. Allow you to breathe
D. Attach the spinal cord to the brain
A
B. Act as a pivot for the skull (side to side)
21
Q
Which group of vertebrae allow for rotation of the trunk? A. Lumbar B. Thoracic C. Cervical D.Sacral
A
B. Thoracic
22
Q
Which group of vertebrae account for mos of the flexion and extension of the spine? A. Cervical B. Thoracic C. Lumbar D. Coccygeal
A
C. Lumbar
23
Q
What are the rotator-cuff muscles?
A
Subscapularis, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Supraspinatus
24
Q
What is the name of the bone feature inferior to the greater and lesser trochanters
A
Surgical neck
25
What are the two articulations of the elbow?
Trochlear notch of ulna and trochlea of humerus; head of radius and capitulum of humerus
26
What is the name of the carpal that articulates with the thumb?
Trapezium
27
How many Thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
28
If blood was reaching your femur but could not reach the lower leg, where would you suspect the blockage to be?
Poplietal Artery
29
Blood from the axillary vein reaches the vena cava by route of which vein?
Subclavian vein
30
What is the name of the fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction in the knee joint?
Bursae
31
Which muscle group is responsible for eversion of the foot?
Fibularis
32
What is the name of the large, most superficial, 2-headed superficial flexor of the leg?
Gastrocnemius
33
Which muscle is responsible for adducting the small toes?
Dorsal interossei
34
What is the anatomical term for your heel bone?
Calcaneus
35
The tibial nerve splits into which two branches?
Medial and lateral planter nerves
36
The small medial nerve of the brachial plexus is the ____________ nerve.
Radial
37
Which is the largest adductor muscle (Lower Limb)
Adductor magnus
38
What is special about the function of the adductor magnus?
It's action is segmented.
| Superior=Flex, Inferior= Extend, Entire muscle=Adduct
39
T/F: All of the muscles in the adductor group of the thigh (Excluding the Gracialis) have their origin on the Anterior Pubis.
True
40
What is the insertion of the Vastus Muscles? (Lateralis, Intermedius, Medius)
The Tibial Tuberosity
41
T/F: The action of the Rectus Femoris is to flex the leg
False
42
The semimembraneous is described as ____ and _____; while the semitendonosous is described as _____ and _____.
Deep, Flat; Superficial, Narrow
43
A muscle that crosses the hip anteriorly will most likely perform what action?
Flexion (at the hip)
44
A muscle that crosses from the Pelvic Girdle to the femur MEDIALLY will most like perform what action?
Adduction (Thigh & Hip)
45
A muscle that crosses the knee joint posteriorly will most likely perform what action?
Flexion (Knee and Hip)
46
Pointing the foot down performs what action?
Plantarflexion
47
Pointing the foot up performs what action?
Dorsiflexion
48
Turning the sole of the foot medially performs what action?
Inversion
49
Turning the sole of the foot Laterally performs what action?
Eversion
50
The branching at the end of the aorta separates the _____.
Right and Left common iliac artery
51
The common iliac artery splits into_____.
Internal and external iliac arteries
52
The external iliac artery turns into _____.
The Femoral Artery
53
T/F: The veins follow a similar path of the arteries and are named similarly as well
True
54
T/F: The toes are numbered 1-5 beginning from the "Pinky toe"
False (Begins at Hallux or Big Toe)
55
The ________ of the femur articulates with the ___________ of the os coxae
Head, acetabulum
56
T/F: The greater trochanter lies anterior to the lesser trochanter of the femur
True
57
The largest tarsal of the foot is the ______.
| Also attachment for the Achilles Tendon
Calcaneous
58
The lateral malleolus is on the ______.
Fibula
59
The medial malleolus is on the
Tibia
60
T/F: The fibula articulates with the femur
False, only the tibia articulates with the femur
61
In the inferior radioulnar joint, the ______ crosses over the ______.
Radius, Ulna
62
The scapula articulates with the _____ and the _____.
Humerus, Clavicle
63
The ____________ of the scapula articulates with the _________ of the Humerus
Glenoid Fossa, Head
64
The C2 vertebrae is also called the ______.
Axis
65
The C1 vertebrae is also called the ______.
Atlas
66
"Tailbone" refers to which vertebral region?
Coccyx
67
This region is home to 5 vertebrae that fuse together in adulthood
Sacrum
68
Which is the longest nerve in the upper limb?
Radial
69
Motor function of the Radial Nerve
Extensors on back arm, extensors on forearm, supinator
70
Motor Function of the Ulnar nerve
flexor carpi Ulnaris, part flexor Digitorum Profundus
71
Sensory function of the Musculocutaneous Nerve
Lateral Forearm
72
Sensory of the Common Fibular Nerve
Anterior leg, Dorsal Foot
73
Sensory function for Tibial Nerve
Posterior leg, sole of the foot
74
Which nerve is responsible for motor control of the Biceps and Brachialis?
Musculocutaneous Nerve
75
Which nerve is responsible for the motor control of the deep flexors of the leg?
Tibial Nerve
76
Which Nerve is responsible for motor control of the Superficial flexors of the leg?
Tibial Nerve
77
The Fibularis muscles are innervated by what nerve?
Common Fibular Nerve
78
What is the origin of the biceps brachii?
Coracoid Process/ Top of Glenoid
79
What is the action of the quadratus plantae?
Flexes Toes 2-5
80
What is the largest, superficial muscle on the posterior side of the body?
Latissimus Dorsi
81
What two nerves originate from the sciatic nerve?
Common Fibular and Tibial
82
Which carpal articulates with the 5th metacarpal?
Hamate
83
What muscle is the only elbow flexor in the forearm?
Brachioradialis
84
What two muscles does the Axillary nerve innervate?
Deltoid, Teres Minor
85
What is the origin of the Pectoralis Major?
Clavicle, Sternum, Ribs
86
If blood was being supplied to the arm but could not reach the forearm, circulation is being cut off at which artery?
Brachial
87
What is the origin of the Deltoid?
Clavicle, Spine of Scapula
88
What is the action of the Adductor Policis?
Adduct the thumb
89
How many phalanges does the 1st Digit of the hand have?
Three (Distal, Middle, Proximal)
90
T/F: The Pisiform is on the side of the Pollex
False (Located on the side of the pinky
91
Which two muscles are a part of the Axial Skeleton-> Humerus group?
Pectoralis MAJOR, Latissimus Dorsi
92
T/F: The hand is pronated when the Radius and Ulna are parallel
False: Pronation requires that the Radius rotates across the Ulna
93
The bony projection on either side of the distal region of the forearm is called the ______.
Styloid Process
94
T/F: The head of the Ulna is Distal to the elbow
True
95
What is the action of the Popliteus?
Medial rotation of the Tibia, unlock knee
96
Origin of the Popliteus
Lateral condyle of the Femur
97
What is the action of the lumbricals?
Flex the joint at the base of the toes, extend the distal joints
98
How many ventral muscle layers are in the foot?
4
99
What is the function of the Arch of the foot?
To reduce the amount of energy required for walking
100
What is the action of the Gastrocnemius
Plantarflexion of the Foot, flex the knee
101
Which part of the lower limb does the "Leg" refer to?
Knee-> Ankle
102
Which part of the upper limb does the "Arm" refer to?
Shoulder-> Elbow (Brachium)
103
What is the origin of the Gracialis?
Pubis
104
What is the Insertion of the Adductor Magnus
Posterior Femur on/near the Linea Aspera
105
What is the insertion of the Sartorious
Medial Tibia
106
What is is the Origin of the Soleus
Superior Posterior Tibia and Fibula
107
How many sesamoid tendons are in the foot?
2
108
Tactile information is categorized as ______ (Sensory/Motor)
Sensory
109
What is the Brachial Plexus?
Group of nerves that innervate the upper limbs
110
What muscles does the Femoral Nerve innervate?
Iliacs/Psoas, Quadriceps Group
111
Where does the Femoral Nerve receive sensory information from?
Anterior thigh, Medial leg, Medial Foot
112
The Obturator Nerve receives Sensory information from where?
Medial Thigh
113
The thigh adductors are innervated by which nerve?
Obturator
114
What is the function of the vertebral column?
Support - main axis for the trunk
| Protection of spinal cord
115
Five regions of the vertebral column.
```
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccyx
```
116
What runs through the vertebral foramen?
Spinal cord
117
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7
118
What is another name for C1?
Atlas
119
What is another name for C2?
Axis
120
Which does not belong:
| C2, dens, spinous process, superior articular facet, none of the above
none of the above
121
True or False: the auricular surface makes a synovial joint with the ilium.
True
122
True or False: The apex of the sacrum is more inferior than the base of the sacrum.
True (see figure 6.26)
123
What kind of Joint is the Sacral Tuberosity
Fibrous
124
A convex curvature of the spine is what type of curvature?
Secondary Curvature
125
Where do the spinal nerves enter/exit the Sacrum?
Sacral Foramina
126
What is the difference between the Sacral Canal and the Sacral Foramen?
The Sacral canal houses the spinal cord and is veritcal. The Sacral Foramen provide a pathway for the spina nerves.
127
T/F: The coccygeal vertebrae decrease in diameter as you move inferiorly
True
128
The most medial of the Erector Spinae group is the ______
Spinalis
129
T/F: In adulthood, the spine is straight to allow for more support because adults weigh more than humans
False (the spine is curved throughout the entirety of the life span)
130
Primary curvature refers to which vertebral region(s)?
Thoracic, Sacral
131
Secondary Curvature refers to which vertebral region(s)?
Cervical and Lumbar
132
A concave shape of the spine is what type of curvature
Primary Curvature
133
A convex curvature of the spine is what type of curvature?
Secondary Curvature
134
Capitis
term referring to attachment site on the skull
135
cervicis
term referring to attachment site on the cervical vertebrae
136
Thoracis
term referring to attachment site on the thoracic vertebrae or ribs
137
lumborum
term referring to attachment site on the lumbar vertebrae
138
Three muscles that make up the erector spinae group
Iliocostalis
Longissmus
Spinalis
139
T/F: Axial skeleton includes the arm and the leg but not the forearm and thigh
False: All of those regions are in the Appendicular skeleton
140
Capitis refers to muscle attachments on which area of the skeleton?
The Skull
141
The Iliocostalis is ______ to the Longissimus
Lateral
142
The most medial of the Erector Spinae group is the ______
Spinalis
143
Where is the insertion of the Spinalis?
Superior Spinous processes
144
Which muscle runs from the Sacral vertebrae to the base of the skull?
Multifidus
145
Where does the semispinalis insert?
spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae and base of the skull
146
T/F: contraction of the right side of the erector spinae group produces extension
False: both left and right side must contract in order to produce extension
147
What is special about the Nuchal Ligament
It is spring like where as other ligaments are stiffer
148
Origin of the splenius
cervical vertebrae
149
Runs in the notch of the spinous processes of cervical vertebrae
Ligamentum nuchae (nuchal ligament)
150
Origin/Insertion of sternocleidomastoid
O - sternum, clavicle
I - mastoid process of skull
(Figure 10.4)
151
Function of sternocleidomastoid
Right and Left both: flexes head
| Right or Left side only: extend head and rotates to opposite side
