Exam 2

Question 1

Conservatism and the 1960s

Answer 1

1960s were a bad time for conservatives
Legislated racial equality threatens individual rights
Protest culture threatens law and order
Expansion of nanny state
Feminist and gay rights movements threaten traditional values
Drug use, rebellious music
Environmentalism destroyed jobs

Question 2

Socialism

Answer 2

Response to capitalism
Mobilize productive forces of labor to meet the needs of all
Productive property collectively owned
Final step before communism

Question 3

Military officials on use of atom bomb

Answer 3

Unnecessary, the Japanese were already defeated

No decisive part of victory

Question 4

WWII Aftermath

Answer 4

Soviets expected capitalist nations to battle over world empires
Stalin believed US dominance threatened the existence of Russia
Soviets imposed communist regimes in East Europe to oppose threat of western dominance in west europe and invasion

Question 5

Russian revolution

Answer 5

Bolsheviks maintained that their country would be the center of a new world civilization, modern and just
Prepared ground for future revolutions in territories held by the west

Question 6

Liberalism and the 1960s

Answer 6

1960s were an amazing time for liberals
Civil rights
Expansion of liberal gov programs
Feminist movement
Anti-war movement
Rejection of traditions

Question 7

Motivations of US soldiers

Answer 7

Going home and seeing loves ones again
Simple things like blueberry pie
Live normal lives

Question 8

Soviet Foreign policy

Answer 8

Turkey - Control of shipping channels Soviets repelled by US backed Turkish forces
Libya - Sought control. Repelled by US backed forces failed to gain support of local socialists
Iran - Sough control of oil - Repelled by US forces, failed to gain support of local socialists

Question 9

WWII most conspicuous demographic change

Answer 9

Mass ethnic migration of African Americans to the urban North

Increase in number of African Americans employed as skilled craftsmen
DOmestic work -> Into factories and shops

Question 10

The world as a market

Answer 10

US economy was so large that it was basically the center of the world economy
US had an obligation to protect the free market around the world (USAID)

Question 11

Liberty and Interests

Answer 11

Liberty - Belief in “spreading democracy”

Interests - Economic interests of US capitalism

Question 12

Holocaust misconception

Answer 12

Allies knew about the holocaust, and didn’t fight the war to end it

Question 13

World War II growth effect on American liberalism

Answer 13

Relegitimized capitalism
Belief in greater regulation of private institutions
Welfare state became part of a larger vision

Question 14

Treaty of Versailles and Germany

Answer 14

Germany pays massive reparations
Catastrophic inflation, economic collapse
Germany loses colonial empires
Germany disarms military
Ascent of Adolf Hitler and Nazi Party

Question 15

America entering the war

Answer 15

Fascist victories in Europe and the policies of FDR changed the anti-war sentiment

Question 16

WWII and women in the workforce

Answer 16

Three million women entered the workforce during the war

Many wanted to remain in their jobs after the war

Question 17

FDR leads America towards war

Answer 17

Nazi dominated Europe would be bad for US trade and business
Economic warfare against Japan
Giving supplies to Allies

Question 18

Cold war realism

Answer 18

Communism is such a threat that the ends justify the means. We must support dictators in order to defeat communism

Question 19

Failure of appeasement

Answer 19

Annexation of Austria
Annexation of Sudetenland
Annexation of Czechoslovakia
Invasion of Poland

Question 20

Nikita Khrushchev criticism of Stalin’s policies

Answer 20

He didn’t forge links with non-socialist, nationalist, anti-colonial movements in the third world

Question 21

Fascism in Italy and Germany

Answer 21

Racist who glorified war
Destroy working class movements
Nationalism to destroy class antagonism
Replace individualism with a collective will
Racial homogeneity.

Question 22

America the Messiah

Answer 22

US had a responsibility to “save the world” by spreading the American way of life abroad.
Rivals the Soviet’s own “messianic mission”
The Marshall plan

Question 23

Wagner act

Answer 23

Diminished causes of labor disputes in favor of workers

No unfair labor practices, and they couldn’t stop any union from organizing

Question 24

Great depression and Japanese militarism

Answer 24

Depression sharply reduced Japanese exports and created mass unemployment
Japan tries to eliminate US colonies in Asia and create its own economic empire

Question 25

Eugenics and Fascism

Answer 25

Selective breeding of human population

Question 26

Stalin's purges

Answer 26

Lenin dies, Stalin seizes power Solidified his power, and eliminated domestic enemies At least 6 million killed. Mostly ethnic minorities

Question 27

CCC and FERA

Answer 27

Civilian Conservation Corps - Forestry, flood control, beautification projects Federal Emergency Relief Administration - Direct assistance to states Important federal programs that Hoover would have resisted

Question 28

Legacy of the New Deal

Answer 28

Accomodation of immigrant communities Financial stability Increased standards of living Sense of security, having a stake in the country. All without shredding the constitution.

Question 29

FDR - Role of gov during recession

Answer 29

Government has responsibility to do something Spending programs Welfare Public works projects

Question 30

American war reports in the early war

Answer 30

Made it seem like we were bowling over the Japanese, and they stood no chance whatsoever

Question 31

Great depression and conflict

Answer 31

Worldwide depression made industrial nations close their own markets and expand into other nations.

Question 32

US Cold War era aid

Answer 32

Required countries to choose capitalism, expel socialists, and make their markets accessible to the US to get aid.

Question 33

Soviet and American ideological similarities

Answer 33

Founded on the idea of bettering humanity | Both believed their economic system was inevitable

Question 34

Change in scope of government

Answer 34

The great depression was a window of oppurtunity to expand federal power Social Security was the birth of the modern welfare state

Question 35

Henry Ford - Role of gov during recession

Answer 35

Self help | Similar to Hoover's views

Question 36

Treaty of Versailles and Italy

Answer 36

Denied Italian colonies in Africa and Middle East Mussolini denounced it Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, one of the last independent African countries

Question 37

1960s modern environmental movement

Answer 37

Americans became aware that mass production, consumerism, fossil fuels, and unregulated use of dangerous pesticides were damaging the environment

Question 38

Hoover - Role of government during recession

Answer 38

Hands off approach | Rugged individualism

Question 39

AAA New deal program

Answer 39

Agricultural adjustment act | Federal farm board - Futile attempt at intervention

Question 40

Living conditions for Tenant farmers

Answer 40

Long hours, few actual laborers