Exam 3

Question 1

Individuals interpretation of what caused the war

Answer 1

Lyndon Johnson and his bureaucracy chose war
Johnson ran on withdrawing from Vietnam, won reelection
Gulf of Tonkin was LBJ’s excuse to go to war (Gulf of Tonkin Resolution)

Question 2

Negative interpretation of Bush and Iraq war

Answer 2

Unilateralism > Multilateraism
Republicans stood to gain from war. Seal Republican alliance with Christian right, win Jewish vote, help the part in elections, and build a Republican majority

Question 3

Rollback social welfare policies

Answer 3

Lower corporate and income tax to make expansion of social safety net more difficult
Clinton administration: End of aid to families with dependent children, restriction of who can receive welfare, limits on number of years, work requirements for welfare
Unsuccessful attempts to privatize social security

Question 4

Los Angeles Riot

Answer 4

Result of collapse of inner city economy, loss of 150000 manufacturing jobs, the jobs that were created were low wage, and income inequality was rampant

Question 5

Decline of inner cities and mass incarceration

Answer 5

Deindustrialization and white conservatism led to the decline of inner cities
Mass urbanization and postwar expansion led to mass incarceration

Question 6

War on drugs an race

Answer 6

Police not only targeted cities, but they targeted minority communities within the cities
Police officers became more agressive with minorities who committed petty crimes or violated social norms

Question 7

Platoon Movie

Answer 7

Paints Vietnam as a black vs white good vs evil war
Sympathize with veterans.
Showed soldiers weren't professional soldiers, rather they were average middle class kids. Familiarized Americans with important aspects of war.

Question 8

Apocalypse Now Movie

Answer 8

United States involvement was evil, soldiers were depicted as out of control, drug addled, and incompetent.
Inhuman treatment of Vietnamese civilians.

Question 9

Race immigration and nativism

Answer 9

Immigrants were easily identifiable by their appearance. They faced racism from all ends of the political spectrum
Denial of white privilege
Antipathy towards non english languages
Result of the idea of a declining American nation
Economic transformation and antagonistic gov policies have created breeding grounds for nativism

Question 10

1968 election

Answer 10

Gov George Wallace was racist, very pro segregation

Nixon wanted to satisfy civil rights groups

Question 11

The Bee Gees - Stayin’ Alive

Answer 11

Surviving in the big city

Question 12

US economically

Answer 12

Income inequality is up

Wages are down

Question 13

Deer Hunter Movie

Answer 13

Soldiers are victims of war, depicting disabled veterans and drug addicted veterans.
Struggling to git back into society after coming home.
Humanizes the soldiers, painting them as victims of tragedy.

Question 14

1954 Vietnam

Answer 14

French defeated at Dien Bien Phu.
Geneva accords between France and Vietnamese independence movement
US wanted a new capitalist world order

Question 15

Goldilocks principle (NSC)

Answer 15

Coercive means for controlling outcomes while seeming to present options. One’s soft, one’s hard, one’s just right.

Question 16

Black power

Answer 16

A declaration of self determination for African Americans

Not the same as white power. Not a declaration of supremacy

Question 17

Rise of economic conservatives 1980s

Answer 17

FIght growth of government
Economic freedom leads to personal freedom
Wealthy conservatives funded think tanks during 1980s and 90s to spread right wing ideas

Question 18

1970s misery index

Answer 18

Inflation, unemployment.

Highest since the great depression

Question 19

Early Soviet views of Reagan

Answer 19

Despised his rhetoric, and feared American initiatives.

Reagan attacked the very legitimacy of their gov

Question 20

Vietnam and credibility

Answer 20

American credibility was at stake in vietnam
Democratic party’s credibility was at stake in vietnam
Policymakers’ credibility was at stake in vietnam
LBJ’s credibility was at stake. Didn’t want to be the president to lose Vietnam.

Question 21

Conservative economic rollback

Answer 21

Rollback gov intervention of the economy and gov regulations of business
Rollback gov intervention in labor market and safety nets

Question 22

New deal consensus 1930-1980

Answer 22

Fed gov had a responsibility to
stabilize economy
prevent mass unemployment
increase demand
create safety net
regulate financial industry
regulate labor market
regulate environmental issues

Question 23

Reagan’’s early views of Soviets

Answer 23

They were overly defensive and paranoid

They were genuinely afraid of Americans

Question 24

Horrors soldiers faced in Vietnam

Answer 24

Antagonizing civilians, destroying village. Contradiction between rhetoric and policy was extremely demoralizing.
No end in sight for war. Ambushes traps, friendly fire, indiscriminate killing.
Some turned to drugs
Fragging

Question 25

Depressions/Economic collapses

Answer 25

``` 1873-1877 Collapse of 2nd industrial revolution 1893-1899 Led to biggest merger wave in history, rise of anti trust, progressive era regulation 1929-1941 Great depression. Led to New Deal 1971-1979 End of golden age of American capitalism. Severe economic inequality. Era of globalization ```

Question 26

Archie Bunker

Answer 26

"Lovable bigot" | Racist white working man

Question 27

Reagan and Gorbachev

Answer 27

Fate of the world was in their hands Reagan tried to be empathetic Gorbachev was far more eager to reach and arms deal. Warm and sincere A bond formed between the two men United States and USSR must be a bridge to the future

Question 28

NSC Working Group

Answer 28

Bureaucratic layer cake Layer 1 - Officials from State dept, Pentagon, CIA Layer 2 - Sec of state, sec of defense, CIA director, National security adviser, undersecretary of state, join chiefs of staff chairman Layer 3 - Presents LBJ with policy options Layer 4 - LBJ makes decision

Question 29

Conservative economic consensus

Answer 29

Markets function best with litte regulation. Serves all economic needs, efficiently uses all resources, generates full emplotment All economic problems are a result of distortions of idea markets. Government intervention causes depressions

Question 30

Positive interpretation of Bush and Iraq war

Answer 30

John Lewis Gaddis - Spread democracy, preemptively attack terrorism. Toppling Saddam would destroy his WMDs, end his support for terrorists beyond his borders, liberate the people of Iraq, and get oil.

Question 31

Rollback gov intervention/regulation

Answer 31

``` Fiscal economic policy becomes monetarist economic policy Deregulate banking and finance industry Privatize state run utilities Free trade agreements Lower corporate tax rates Minimum wage falls Labor laws make unionization more difficult (right to work laws) Outsourcing is easier No labor protections ```

Question 32

Who served in the Vietnam war

Answer 32

Working class families and poor families made up the bulk of american soldiers

Question 33

Backlash

Answer 33

Reactionary response to women's progress Belief that women are naturally inferior to men Belief that women's rights come at the expense of men's Backlash was a result of the possibility that women might win these rights.

Question 34

Demonization of black families

Answer 34

White it wasn't socially acceptable to hold racist views, people held them anyway according to polling. It was rampant in the white community. Many believed in black inferiority. Poor economic conditions leads to white victimization

Question 35

Economic causes interpretation of Vietnam war

Answer 35

U.S economic power and success required a world capitalist market US leaders feared socialism US plan - Vietnam provides market and materials to US allies. Vietnam staying capitalist keeps the dominoes up.