Exam 2 Flashcards
(41 cards)
1
Q
A restriction of oxygen lasting a few minutes that produces cognitive defects, such as language delays and mental retardation due to brain cell death, is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Apgar anoxia episiotomy lanugo
A
anoxia
2
Q
In the third stage of labor, the umbilical cord and the placenta are expelled from the mother.
True
False
A
True
3
Q
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the realization that people and objects exist even when they cannot be seen. Object permanence Circular reaction Sensorimotor stage Simple reflex
A
Object permanence
4
Q
Which of the following is NOT a risk related to cesarean delivery?
The mother’s recovery can be lengthy.
It endangers the baby’s health because it is major surgery.
The mother has a higher risk of infection(s).
A cesarean birth deters the normal release of stress-related hormones into the newborn’s bloodstream
A
It endangers the baby’s health because it is major surgery.
5
Q
A newborn baby scores 6 on the Apgar scale. This indicates that the baby __________.
is normal and healthy
requires help to start breathing
needs immediate, life-saving intervention
is premature
A
requires help to start breathing
6
Q
Piaget believed that the basic building blocks of the way children understand the world are mental structures called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. assimilation accommodation schemes memory
A
schemes
7
Q
Four-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were there, Alex's mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of squirrels, but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next he pointed and said, "A bird." Considering Piaget's work, Alex is demonstrating an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. scheme accommodation object permanence assimilation
A
assimilation
8
Q
In the United States in the 1990s, the average hospital stay for a normal birth was _____ days, in large part because of insurance companies.
- 0
- 9
- 5
- 0
A
2
9
Q
What is the birthing method that provides training that allows women to cope with painful contractions by concentrating on their breathing and producing relaxation response, rather than by tensing up, which can make pain more acute? Lamaze Apgar Bradley Hypnobirthing
A
Lamaze
10
Q
Baby Billy calls his favorite blanket a "blankie." When he sees other blankets in the house, however, he does not refer to them as "blankie" because he uses that name only for his favorite blanket. This is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. underextension overextension referential style holophrastic speech
A
underextension
11
Q
In the United States, midwives are employed in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of births. 5 percent 10 percent 50 percent 75 percent
A
10 percent
12
Q
Mary is preparing to breastfeed her infant daughter, and, in the process, the baby's cheek brushes across her mother's blouse. The baby immediately turns its head toward Mary's chest in preparation for feeding. This is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ reflex. Babinski rooting Moro startle
A
rooting
13
Q
What is the name of the fine, dark fuzz that covers a newborn and soon disappears? Lanugo Vernix Episiotomy Apgar
A
Lanugo
14
Q
In the United States in the 1970s, the average hospital stay for a normal birth was _____ days.
- 0
- 9
- 5
- 0
A
3.9
15
Q
Baby Allison is in her high chair while her father prepares her dinner. Baby Allison tries to get her father's attention by saying "eat." This would be an example of a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. semantic phoneme morpheme holophrase
A
holophrase
16
Q
Baby Sally's mother is dropping her off at preschool for the first time, and Sally's behavior changes from that of a calm, happy baby, to that of a crying, cranky youngster who will not let go of her mother. Baby Sally is likely demonstrating \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. nonverbal encoding stranger anxiety separation anxiety nonverbal decoding
A
separation anxiety
17
Q
When a child demonstrates the kind of attachment where the mother is used as a "home base" and the child is at ease when she is present, the child gets upset when she leaves, and then the child goes to the mother as soon as she returns, this is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Bowlby safety and security pattern Ainsworth safety and security pattern secure attachment pattern strange situation pattern
A
secure attachment pattern
18
Q
What is the term that Thomas and Chess used to describe babies who have a positive disposition, whose body functions operate regularly, and who are adaptable? Difficult babies Easy babies Slow-to-warm babies Low-intensity babies
A
Easy babies
19
Q
Almost every time Baby Will articulates the word "da," his father picks him up with joy, smiles, and praises his son for trying to say "dad." The father's behavior reinforces Will's behavior, and this is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. learning theory approach universal grammar nativist approach infant-directed speech
A
learning theory approach
20
Q
The use of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ has contributed to a sharp increase in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. fetal monitoring; cesarean deliveries cesarean deliveries; fetal monitoring cesarean deliveries; infant mortality fetal monitoring; postmature infants
A
fetal monitoring; cesarean deliveries
21
Q
When the critical hormone \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is released in high enough concentration by the mother's pituitary gland, the uterus begins periodic contractions. oxytocin corticotropin-releasing hormone cortisol estradiol
A
oxytocin
22
Q
The researcher Robert Fantz discovered that __________.
newborn infants prefer to look at simple stimuli rather than complex stimuli
when given a choice of visual stimuli, newborn infants do not show a preference
newborn infants prefer to look at complex stimuli rather than simple stimuli
newborn infants are too young to concentrate on visual stimuli; therefore, it is impossible to measure their preference
A
newborn infants prefer to look at complex stimuli rather than simple stimuli
23
Q
Breech position occurs in approximately \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ births and places the baby at risk because the umbilical cord may become compressed and deprive the baby of oxygen. 1 out of 100 1 out of 25 1 out of 10 1 out of 5
A
1 out of 25
24
Q
What is the correct term for a newborn baby? fetus embryo neonate infant
A
neonate
25
```
What is the thick, greasy, cottage-cheese-like substance that covers the newborn and smoothes the passage through the birth canal?
Episiotomy
Apgar
Lanugo
Vernix
```
Vernix
26
```
Infants who weigh less than 2,500 grams (5½ pounds) at birth are called __________.
low birthweight
preterm
small for gestational age
very low birthweight
```
low birthweight
27
```
When uterine contractions occur around every 8 to 10 minutes and last about 30 seconds, this is considered the __________ stage of labor.
first
second
third
fourth
```
first
28
A newborn baby scores under 4 on the Apgar scale. This means that the baby __________.
is normal and healthy
requires help to start breathing
needs immediate, life-saving intervention
is premature
needs immediate, life-saving intervention
29
Which attachment pattern describes a style of attachment in which children display a combination of positive and negative reactions to their mothers? They show great distress when the mother leaves, but upon her return they may simultaneously seek close contact but also hit and kick her.
Ambivalent attachment pattern
Avoidant attachment pattern
Secure attachment pattern
Disorganized-disoriented attachment pattern
Ambivalent attachment pattern
30
Five-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were there, Alex's mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of squirrels, but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next he pointed and said, "A bird with a tail." Considering Piaget's work, Alex is demonstrating an example of __________.
scheme
accommodation
object permanence
assimilation
accommodation
31
```
A child who does not seek proximity to the mother, and, after she leaves the room, does not look distressed is exhibiting a(n) __________.
avoidant attachment pattern
secure attachment pattern
Ainsworth Strange Situation
anxious situation pattern
```
avoidant attachment pattern
32
The extent of danger faced by preterm babies largely depends upon __________.
the mother's age
whether the baby has suffered loss of oxygen (anoxia)
the baby's ability to regulate his/her body temperature
the baby's birthweight
the baby's birthweight
33
```
By the age of two, most children can use two-word sentences and __________ speech where non-critical words of a sentence are left out.
holophrastic
telegraphic
phonemic
semantic
```
telegraphic
34
```
Information processing focuses on __________ changes in infants, while Piaget's theory focuses on __________ changes in infants.
quantitative; qualitative
effective; efficient
qualitative; quantitative
surreal; real
```
quantitative; qualitative
35
```
Breast milk not only contains all the nutrients necessary for growth, but it also offers some degree of __________.
cultural factors
cognitive consequences
immunity
metabolism
```
immunity
36
```
Infantile amnesia is defined as the lack of memory for experience that occurred prior to __________.
6 months of age
12 months of age
3 years of age
2 years of age
```
3 years of age
37
```
Approximately what percent of children in the United States are born via cesarean delivery?
10 percent
25 percent
40 percent
55 percent
```
25 percent
38
```
The American Academy of Pediatrics and the U.S. Congress agree that women should stay in the hospital no less than __________ hours after giving birth.
24
48
72
96
```
48
39
Meredith's baby is two weeks overdue. What is a potential hazard that the baby can experience because it is postmature?
broken limbs during birth
Insufficient blood supply from the placenta to the baby's brain, leading to potential brain damage
Death or being stillborn
Lifelong obesity
Insufficient blood supply from the placenta to the baby's brain, leading to potential brain damage
40
```
__________ receive messages from other cells, and at their opposite end there is a long extension called a(n) __________ which carries the messages to other neurons.
Neurons; dendrite
Dendrites; axon
Axons; synapse
Synapses; neuron
```
Dendrites; axon
41
What is considered the hallmark of children who are securely attached to their mothers?
The child never cries, and is secure enough to not demand face-to-face interactions with the mother.
The mother responds to the child constantly to the point of being overly responsive.
The mother is sensitive to the child's needs, is aware of the child's moods, can discriminate the infant's signals, and is responsive, warm, and affectionate.
The child has no fear of strangers and demonstrates that he/she is equally comfortable with unfamiliar adults and the mother.
The mother is sensitive to the child's needs, is aware of the child's moods, can discriminate the infant's signals, and is responsive, warm, and affectionate.
