Exam 2

Question 1

The speed of light is about

Answer 1

3X10^5 km/s

Question 2

What part of a comet points most directly away from the sun

Answer 2

The gas (ion) tail

Question 3

A comet is made up of

Answer 3

Dust
Ice
Co2

Question 4

As comets get closer to the sun how many tails do they get

Answer 4

They get two

Ion tail pointed away from sun (further)

Dust tail closer to sun

Question 5

Long period comets are located in the

Answer 5

Oort Cloud

Question 6

Pluto is part of what belt

Answer 6

Kuiper belt

Question 7

Name of the largest asteroid (also dwarf planet) and how big is it?

Answer 7

Ceres 1000km

Question 8

What fraction of all planetary mass in our solar system is in Jovian planets

Answer 8

99 percent

(Jupiter and Saturn) at 90 percent of that

Question 9

How old is our solar system

Answer 9

4.6 billion

Question 10

Which is furthest from the sun?

Answer 10

Comet in the Oort Cloud

Question 11

Order of farthest from the sun

Answer 11

Mercury 
Venus 
Earth 
Mars
Asteroid belt 
Jupiter 
Saturn
Uranus 
Neptune 
Pluto 
Kuiper belt
Oort Cloud 

My very evil mother always jump stabs upward never piercing kids outside

Question 12

What percentage of mass of the solar system nebula consisted of element other than hydrogen and helium

Answer 12

2 percent

Question 13

In astronomy what are the most important elements

Answer 13

Hydrogen and helium

Other elements above are considered metals

Question 14

Jupiter is 3 times as massive as Saturn but only slightly larger why

Answer 14

As you add more gas to a gas planet it’s self gravity compressed the gasses at higher densities

Jupiter is a gas giant

Question 15

What is the giant impact hypothesis for the origin of the moon

Answer 15

The moon formed from material blasted out of earths mantel and crust by the impact of a mars sized object

Question 16

What drives the motion of continental plates on earth

Answer 16

Convection cells in the mantel

Question 17

Continental plates are always doing what?

Answer 17

Moving

Question 18

Earth is how many times larger than the moon

Answer 18

4 times

Question 19

Jupiter is how many times larger than earth

Answer 19

10 times

Question 20

Sun is how many times larger than Jupiter

Answer 20

10 times

Question 21

Mars is how big compared to earth

Answer 21

1/2 size

Question 22

Venus is how big compared to earth

Answer 22

Approximately the same size but smaller

Question 23

From where did molecular oxygen in the earths atmosphere originate

Answer 23

Photosynthesis from single called plants

Question 24

What are the main constitutes of a comet

Answer 24

Dust
Ice
CO2

Question 25

Most of the moons surface is densely covered with craters, but we find few craters within the lunar Maria What can we conclude

Answer 25

The Maria formed after the heavy bombardment ended Shit hit the moon and caused volcanos to levy out the craters

Question 26

What is responsible for global magnetic field of the earth

Answer 26

Generated by rotation of the earths molten iron outer core

Question 27

How is the magnetic field on Jupiter created

Answer 27

Metallic spinning hydrogen in the core

Question 28

Venus have a magnetic field

Answer 28

No it does not since the core spins slowly | So no magnetic field

Question 29

Why is the level of co2 in earths atmosphere so important for life

Answer 29

The co2 cycle helps to stabilize earths climate

Question 30

Why does the moon have more craters than earth

Answer 30

The moon stopped being geologically active a couple of billion years ago whil the earth is still active

Question 31

Gravitational forces between the moon and earth act to both () the rotation of the earth and () the distance between them

Answer 31

Slows, increase Decrease force = slow rotation Moon is trying to pull away from earth

Question 32

Which planet or moon in our solar system has the largest volcano

Answer 32

Mars Olympus mars

Question 33

What is the main constituent of Venus atmosphere

Answer 33

Co2

Question 34

Galilean moons of Jupiter

Answer 34

Io Europa Ganymede Callisto

Question 35

Given an element with a atomic # and atomic mass | How many proton, electron, neutron

Answer 35

Atomic # = # of proton and # of electron (All same # Atomic mass = #of proton + # neutrons

Question 36

If a small weather satilite and the massive space station are orbiting the earth at th same altitude above the earths surface whic object takes longer to go around earth

Answer 36

Same for both

Question 37

Regarding law of universal gravitation F=GMm/d^2

Answer 37

Increase distance =less force Decrease distance = more force

Question 38

Which of the following is not on of Newton’s laws of motion even if its valid

Answer 38

Conservation of energy Newton’s laws only deal with motion, Conservation of energy has nothing to do with motion

Question 39

Why are astronauts weightless in space

Answer 39

They are in free fall as they orbit earth no gravity

Question 40

An atom consist of

Answer 40

Electron cloud moving around positively charged protons and neutrons

Question 41

Em spectrum consist of form of light

Answer 41

Radio —>Lowest Frequency, long wave, low energy ``` Micro wave IR VIS UV X-ray ``` Gamma ray—>highest frequency, short wave, high energy

Question 42

Light spectra description

Answer 42

Not shifted in red = rest Shifted the most to red = fasted away from observer Left is blue —

Question 43

Neon light signs use what kind of spectrum

Answer 43

Emission spectrum for the lights of sign

Question 44

Earth A B C Moon

Answer 44

Since earth is larger mass that means it gravity (force of pull) Goes all from point A to C While the moon only has C So.. A greatest acceleration B less C is midpoint to forces btw moon and earth

Question 45

Considering atoms and emission and absorption

Answer 45

Emission arrow point in Absorption arrow point out

Question 46

Neptune’s moon triton orbits the planet directly opposite of Neptune’s rotation

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Without green houses gases earths surface would be frozen over

Answer 47

True

Question 48

The more massive planets in the solar system tend to be more dense than the lower mass planets

Answer 48

False

Question 49

All the planets in our solar system formed several billion years ago and their surfaces and atmosphere have remained pretty much the same way

Answer 49

False

Question 50

Which planet is less dense than water

Answer 50

Saturn

Question 51

Which terrestrial planets has a relative young surface about 750 bill years old

Answer 51

Venus

Question 52

Which planet has evidence for current erosion and plate tectonics

Answer 52

Earth

Question 53

Planet 4 times diameter than earth

Answer 53

Uranus

Question 54

Which planet is Home to largest volcano in solar system l, Olympus mons

Answer 54

Mars

Question 55

How man earths can fit btw earth and moon

Answer 55

30

Question 56

What are terrestrial planets and what they made of

Answer 56

They made of rocky material; they are: | Mercury < mars< venus< earth

Question 57

What are the Jovian planets; and what they made of

Answer 57

They are gassy with atmosphere; they are: Earth