Exam 3 Flashcards by Kennedy Sihapanya

The speed of light is about

3x10^5 km/sec

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How many layers of the sun are there

There are six

Corona
Radiative
Photosphere
Convective
Chromosphere
Inner core

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What is the corona

It is the sun ray part of the sun

“Crown of the sun”

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What is the Radiative zone

Bad energy from the sun (Gamma Ray, X Ray)

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What is the Photosphere

It is the visible part of the sun

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What is the convective part of the sun

It is where the hot and cool gas moves in a cycle in the sun

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What is the chromosphere

Color of the sun

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What is the inner core

It is where hydrogen turns into helium in fusion

All main sequence stars have this

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What spectral type is the sun

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What causes the photosphere of our sun to look granulated

Convection to the surface result in a 100k temperature difference b/w light and dark regions

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What is the surface temperature of the sun

5800 K

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The outer layer of the Suns atmosphere, which can be most easily seen during total solar eclipses, is known as the

Corona

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How does the sun produce energy to warm the earth

Fusion of hydrogen to helium in the core of the sun

No fusion no energy

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What is solar wind

Charged particles from the sun

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Sunspots why are they dark colored

They are cooler temperature from the others parts of the sun

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Energy moves through the suns interior —

Convection

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What is the main process involved in the sunspot cycle

All due to the magnetic field of the sun

The winding of magnetic field lines due to variations in the suns rotation

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The solar cycle from minimum is —

11, 22

Solar cycle from max to max is 11 years

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What is process take place in the core of our sun that produces it energy

Nuclear fusion of H to He

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Considering parallax angle what do you need to know

D=1/p

Parallax angle is measured in arcseconds

Distance is always in parsecs

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What is hydrostatic equilibrium

It is the purpose of why stars are round

Gravity pushes inward
Thermal pressure pushes outward

Until run out of certain element

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Parallax is what

Displacement of an object depending how far or close it is

Closer = more displacement 
Further = less displacement

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Considered output vs wavelength graphs

Taller the graph = larger
Smaller the graph =smaller

Peak closer to the left = blue and hot

Peak closer to the right = red and cool

Blue always hotter
Red always bigger

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Most of the stars in our galaxies are —

Main sequence stars

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Stars with more mass have

Less time on the main sequence

Sun spends how many years on the main sequence

10 billion

Stars with 10 x mass of the sun live up to how many years on the main sequence

20 millions years

1/2 x mass of the suns stays on main sequence for how many years

80+ billion years

What are the spectral types of the main sequence in order from hot to cool

OBAFGKM Oh be a fine girl kiss me

On the hr diagram where are the red giants located?

Top right

On the hr diagram where are the main sequence stars located

They are located diagonal from bottom right to top left

On the hr diagram where are the white dwarfs located

Bottom left

On the Hr diagram luminosity increase going —

Luminosity increase going up

On the Hr diagram temperature increase going —

Temperature increases going left

The higher up in the main sequence you are the —

The time that the star will remain in the main sequence will be shorter

White dwarfs have the smallest

They have the smallest radius because they are a skeleton They also have iron core so they have quite a bit mass too

Stars that have he smallest mass are those who are located at the —

Bottom right

The brighter the star

The closer the star

How bright does Star a appear compared to star b Star A 10 pc Star B 30 pc

You do furthest / closest to get your answer

Lowest mass in spectral types would also mean

Coldest

Higher up main sequence means the star will

Leave first

What is the ultimate fate of our sun

White dwarf

What property determines the rest of the characteristics of the stars life

Mass determines the life of the star

Considering fusion rate of stars Star a 4 Star b 8

Smaller stars have a slower fusion rate Never exactly two times though

For a white dwarf to become a nova it neeeds a

Companion star

In a main sequence star gravitational collapse is balanced by

Pressure caused by energy produced during nuclear fusion

What do you call a spinning neutron star

Pulsar

What is the mass limit of a white dwarf

1.4 solar masses

Neutron stars are about the size of a

City

White dwarf stellar remenants are about the size of

Earth

What is a black hole

An object whose gravity is so great that not even light can escape it

Which of these star clusters is the oldest

Globular cluster whose brightest main sequence stars are orange Oldest means which is more red Youngest more blue

What is the heaviest element that can be formed in the core during fusion

Iron

What element is the end of an ms starts life

Iron

Stellar evolution in order of a main sequence star

Main sequence Red giant White dwarf

Debris from the death of a high mass star forms a

Super nova remenant that is several light years across

Why doesn’t a white dwarf collapse under the force of gravity

Electron degeneracy pressure All the iron in the white dwarf pushing out while gravity pushing in.

Smallest main sequence star can be as low as .08 bc

Temperature not high enough in core to start nuclear reaction in core Love long time

Who is Karl shwarzschild

He calculated event horizon of black hole

Who is Annie jump cannon

She devised the first stellar classification scheme

Chandrasekhar is who

Yeh discovers mass | Limit of white dwarfs

Hertsprung an russle | Came up with

Luminosity vs temp of stars

Payne and m Saha did what

Stars are made up of mostly hydrogen

Stellar evolution What are you if you are less than .08

Brown dwarf

Stellar evolution What are you if you are more than .08

Red giant

If you are a red giant that is less than 8m what are you?

Planetary nebula

Planetary nebulas turn into what

White dwarfs which are skeletons

If you a white dwarf and travels w friend what are you? Solo what are you?

Nova bc your friend stops you from going too cray Supernova type 1a bc you go too cray

If you are a red giant that is greater than 8m what are you

Super nova type 2

If you a super nova type 2 and you less than 30 you a

Neutron star

If you are a spinning neutron star you a

Pulsar

If you a super nova type 2 and you greater than 30’

You a black hole

You a black hole with a companion you a

X Ray binary

If you at 8!solar mass exactly but not visable you are a

Yu a collapsed object neutron star

Exam 3 Flashcards

(74 cards)