Exam 2

Question 1

bringing together different channels of communication and eroding their distinctly different traits

Answer 1

convergence

Question 2

platforms that bring together buyers and sellers of different products and services

Answer 2

aggregators

Question 3

constantly shifting and always liminal

Answer 3

interdependency

Question 4

the idea that television shows literal reality

Answer 4

magic window

Question 5

skepticism about the literal reality of media messages

Answer 5

adult discount

Question 6

the message is presented as reality to resonate with the audience’s experience and to be useful in everyday situations with something extra that’s different from reality

Answer 6

next step reality

Question 7

the number of times that people hear and see events

Answer 7

flow density

Question 8

people experience others’ reactions to and perceptions about the events

Answer 8

emotional density

Question 9

(Doug McAdam) degree of personal connection and “a strong tie phenomenon” is what matters

Answer 9

disciple

Question 10

ties that bind people to the group are loose in social media while organization has hierarchy

Answer 10

organization

Question 11

specifies what news should be and builds from the first amendment

Answer 11

political philosophy perspective

Question 12

encapsulates what journalists believe to be the purpose and nature of news and presents a template for what news should be

Answer 12

traditional journalistic perspective

Question 13

how scholars view what to be the purpose of news and its nature

Answer 13

news working perspective

Question 14

the most popular formula for tellings tories in the news

Answer 14

simplified extended conflict

Question 15

focuses on how news businesses allocate their resources to achieve the primary goals of business

Answer 15

economic perspective

Question 16

journalists operating under the _________ perspective are more likely to write sensational stories

Answer 16

marketing perspective

Question 17

people seek info that most strategically benefits them instead of waiting for people to tell them what they need to know

Answer 17

consumer personal perspective

Question 18

the idea that the audience for news fragments and vehicles are getting more specialized

Answer 18

hyper-localism

Question 19

the idea that people selectively expose themselves to news content

Answer 19

selective exposure

Question 20

impossible to achieve because it requires journalists to perceive events without bias or limitations

Answer 20

news objectivity

Question 21

refers to criteria such as truthfulness, neutrality, and accuracy which are possible but still difficult for journalists to meet

Answer 21

news quality

Question 22

reflected in the scope of your perspective

Answer 22

media literacy

Question 23

a nickname of news because it is included in the checks and balances system of government

Answer 23

the fourth estate

Question 24

doing work without undue influence

Answer 24

autonomy

Question 25

how you are organized with your peers

Answer 25

organization

Question 26

focusing only on the messages you want/ selection

Answer 26

filter bubbles or echo chambers

Question 27

secretive versions of marketing compared to long-tail marketing

Answer 27

dark posts

Question 28

how to judge the quality of news

Answer 28

objectivity, truthfulness, neutrality, accuracy

Question 29

entertaining vehicles for communicating meaning

Answer 29

sotires

Question 30

different types of stories

Answer 30

genres

Question 31

unspecific ways of writing a story

Answer 31

general story formulas

Question 32

involves tragedy, mystery, or action/ horror

Answer 32

drama

Question 33

minor conflict, verbal conflict primarily, character development through quick wit

Answer 33

comedy

Question 34

someone has a bad or nonexistent relationship and eventually gets one through hard work and virtue, very emotional

Answer 34

romance

Question 35

presents the elements that media stories should have to attract and hold an audience

Answer 35

general story formula

Question 36

builds off the general story formula by adding elements of a particular genre

Answer 36

genre story formula

Question 37

a scientific technique of counting occurrences of various things and relies on analyzing samples representative of the total population being analyzed

Answer 37

content analysis

Question 38

provide us with a set of expectations that we can access quickly as we encounter people and events

Answer 38

stereotypes

Question 39

a significant or recurrent theme; a motif or pattern of representation often applied toward a form of identity

Answer 39

trope

Question 40

the ______ cannot hold

Answer 40

center

Question 41

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

Answer 41

Walter Benjamin

Question 42

the sanctified role high culture an play

Answer 42

aura

Question 43

how easy it is to experience culture and the potential to expose more people to culture

Answer 43

accessibility

Question 44

A Theory of Mass Culture

Answer 44

Dwight MacDonald

Question 45

taking forms of high culture and making them mass

Answer 45

midcult

Question 46

popular but not aspiring to be high culture

Answer 46

masscult

Question 47

provides a useful framework for examining the media industries because it focuses your attention on how the industries have gone through changes and why

Answer 47

life cycle pattern

Question 48

five stages of the life cycle pattern

Answer 48

innovation, penetration, peak, decline, adaptation

Question 49

development is characterized by a technological innovation that makes a channel of transmission possible

Answer 49

innovation stage

Question 50

engineering type inventions that have created new ways to capture, store, and transmit info in print, graphic, photographic, audio, and video formats

Answer 50

technological innovations

Question 51

strategic type inventions that have created new ways to identify audiences and their needs, attract their attention, and present messages in a way that holds their attention and conditions those audiences for repeated exposures

Answer 51

marketing innovations

Question 52

development is characterized by the public's growing acceptance of that medium

Answer 52

penetration stage

Question 53

when the medium commands the most attention from the public and generates the most revenue compared to other media

Answer 53

peak stage

Question 54

the medium is characterized by a loss of audience acceptance and a loss in revenues

Answer 54

decline stage

Question 55

when a medium begins to redefine its position in the media marketplace after a decline

Answer 55

adaptation stage

Question 56

how innovations about transmitting info have brought about changes to the mass media industries

Answer 56

technological convergence

Question 57

replaced analog coding

Answer 57

digital coding

Question 58

powerful influence that has changed the way media programmers regard audiences and how they develop their messages

Answer 58

marketing convergence

Question 59

a strategy of identifying smaller niche audiences that have been ignored by other media companies, ignoring the fat middle of the bell curve where the majority is represented

Answer 59

long tail marketing

Question 60

a programming principle where a media company tries to attract the largest audience possible by creating messages that will not offend anyone and appeal to a wide range of people

Answer 60

lowest common denominator

Question 61

changes in people's perceptions about barriers that previously existed that are now breaking down or totally eliminated due to recent changes in the media

Answer 61

psychological convergence