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Medical Parasitology [Undergraduate] > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Chilomastix mesnili

Trophozoite

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2
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Chilomastix mesnili

Cyst

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3
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Chilomastix mesnili

Cyst

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4
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Trypanosomas Brucei gambiense (trypomastigote)

or

Trypanosomas Brucei rhodiesense (trypomastigote)

*we don’t need to distinguish between the 2 species specifically

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5
Q

ID the organism and stage.

Give 2 features.

A

Trypanosomas cruzi (trypomastigote)

  • Prominent C-shaped body
  • Note the large, posterior kinetoplast

*the kinetoplast can potentially be smaller as well

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6
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Trypanosomas Brucei gambiense

or

Trypanosomas Brucei rhodiesense

*we don’t need to distinguish between the 2 species specifically

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7
Q
  1. What stage is shown?
    • (if possible give an example of what it may be)
  2. Give 2 defining features
A
  1. Amastigote
    • L. Donovani or T. cruzi; mostly indistinguishable
  2. Features:
    • rounder shape
    • short, or non-apparent flagella
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8
Q

What organism could be shown?

ID the stage of organism shown.

Extra credit: Acute or Chronic?

A
  • T. Cruzi* or L. Donovani*
  • Amastigote [pseudocyst]
  • Chronic

*they are indistinguishable​

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9
Q

ID the organism and stage.

Give 2 characteristics.

A
  • Leishmania Donovani* (promastigote)
  • Note the absence of an undulating membrane, and the anterior location of the kinetoplast relative to the nucleus
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10
Q

ID the organism and stage.

Give 2 features.

A
  • Leishmania Donovani* (promastigote)
  • Note the absence of an undulating membrane, and the anterior location of the kinetoplast relative to the nucleus
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11
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Leishmani tropica (promastigote)

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12
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Giardia Lamblia

Trophozoite

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13
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Giardia lamblia

Cyst

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14
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Trichomonas hominis

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15
Q

ID the organism and stage.

A

Trichomonas Vaginalis

Trophozoite

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16
Q

For life cycle’s completion, the fly must ingest in its blood meal the ____________, which is physiologically adapted for existence within the insect vector.

A

short, stumpy trypomastigote

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17
Q

The short stumpy trypomastigote has ______ that allow it to survive effectively in an insect host.

A

Prominent cristae

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18
Q

In mosquitos, which sexes feed on blood?

A

Female only

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19
Q

In Tsetse flys, which sexes feed on blood?

A

Both sexes

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20
Q

What is the ultimate location in a human that Trypanosomas Brucei metacyclic trypomastigotes reach?

A

CSF

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21
Q

In blood, what are the 3 stages that T. brucei may take in blood?

A
  • long slender
  • intermediate
  • short, stumpy
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22
Q

What organism is shown?

A

Trypanosoma

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23
Q

ID the organism and stage.

What key factor(s) do you see?

A
  • Babesia* trophozoites
  • tetrads noted [cross formations]
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24
Q

ID the organism and stage.

What key factor(s) do you see?

A

Babesia trophozoite

tetrads [cross formations]

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25
ID the organism and stage.
* Cryptosporidum Parvum* * Oocyst
26
ID the organism and stage.
Cryptosporidium Oocyst
27
ID the organism and stage.
* Cryptosporidium Parvum* * Oocyst
28
ID the organism. What is at the yellow label? What is at the green label? Give defining characteristics.
*Plasmodium vivax* * yellow = **schizont** * 16-24 merozoites * enlarged RBC * green = **trophozoite** * more amoeboid shape
29
ID the organism. What is seen at the arrow?
* Cryptospiridium parvum* * Oocyst
30
ID the organism at the center right. What stage is it in? Give characteristics.
*Plasmodium Vivax* * gametocyte * enlarged RBC; round/oval
31
ID the organism. What stage is shown? What characteristics to ID?
*P. falciparum* Gametocyte * banana-shaped \*on the exam
32
ID the organism. What stage is shown? What characteristics did you use?
*P. falciparum* * Signet ring stage * Same size RBC
33
ID the organsim. What stage is shown? What characteristic to ID?
*P. falciparum* * Schizont * 8-32 merozoites in schizont
34
ID the stage/structure shown.
Oocyst
35
ID the organism. What stage is it in? What key structure do you see?
*P. ovale* * Schizont\* * enlarged cells; large schuffer's dots; 4-16 merozoites \*not confirmed
36
What organism do you see? What stage is it in? What characteristic gave it away?
*P. malarie* * Trophozoite * Band stage full of ziemann dots
37
ID the organism and stage shown.
* Taxoplasma Gandii* * tachyzoites
38
ID the organism and stage shown. What unique structure is shown?
*Taxoplasma Gandii* * bradyzoites * pseudocyst [not confirmed; while the individual shapes appear more elongate (like a tachyzoite), this specimen is in tissue]
39
Which organism and stage is shown?
* Taxoplasma gandii* * Bradyzoites
40
Which organism and stage is shown?
* T. gondii* * Unsporulated Oocyst
41
ID the organism and stage shown. What is seen at the arrows?
*T. gandii* * Sporulated Oocyst * Four sporozoites (arrows) are visible in one of the sporocysts
42
ID the organism and stage.
* T. gandii* * sporulated oocyst
43
ID the species shown in each picture: * top left = * top right = * bottom left = * bottom right =
* Top left: *Plasmodium falciiparum* * Top Right: *Plasmodium vivax* * Bottom Left: *Plasmodium malariae* * Bottom right: *Plasmodium ovale* [baduri said dont worry about the dots too much]
44
WTF is this? What typa insect is it? What parasite does it carry?
*Anopholes* (mouth parts) * Mosquito * *Plasmodium*
45
WTF is this? What typa insect is it? What parasite does it carry?
*Ixodes scapularis* * Tick * *Bebesia microti* and *divergens*
46
ID the organism and stage. Which characteristics did you use?
*P. Vivax* * signet stage * enlarged RBC * more amoeboid shape
47
ID the organism and stage.
* P. Vivax* * ovular gametocyte
48
ID the organism and stage. Which characteristics did you use?
*P. malarie* * Signet ring stage * **the cell is normal/small size**; ring is stretched a lil
49
ID the organism and stage. Which characteristics did you use?
*P. Ovale* * signet ring stage * enlarged RBC, slight oval shape
50
ID the organism and stage. Which characteristics did you use?
*P. Ovale* * Schizont * slightly enlarged RBC; oval-shaped; tufted edges; schuffer's dots
51
ID the organism and stage. Which characteristics did you use?
*P. Ovale* * schizont * slightly enlarged RBC; oval-shaped; tufted edges; schuffer's dots
52
For *P. Vivax* and *P. Ovale*: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are distributed throughout RBC’s cytoplasm & stains pink to red when subjected to traditional hematological stains
schuffner's dots
53
Coarser, dark _________ granules, the **by-products of hemoglobin degradation** by the parasite
hemozoin
54
For *P. malariae*: Following entry into RBC, early trophozoites begin to accumulate hemozoin and the pink-stained _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ziemann’s dots
55
For each picture, state what structures are seen in the infected RBC. Give an example of which plasmodium caused it.
1. **Schuffner's dots** * *P. Vivax* /*P. Ovale* 2. **Ziemann's dots** * *P. Malarie* 3. **Hemozoin granules** * *P. Vivax* / *P. Ovale* / *P. Malarie* 4. ***​*Maurer's dots** * *​​P. Falciparum* *[reference Apicomplexans powerpoints]*
56
Which plasmodium is most prevalent?
*P. Falciparum* 80% of cases in Africa
57
How do the life cycles of *Plasmodium* and *Babesia* differ?
In *Bebisia*: * no exoerythrocytic stage * no sexual phase in the vertebrate portion of the life cycle.
58
What are the 2 types of infective stages of *Toxoplasma gandii*?
* **Oocyst** [fecal material from cat] * **Tissue cyst** [undercooked meat from pig, sheep]
59
For *Toxoplasma Gandii*: * All animals except ____ can be considered as paratenic hosts * Formation of pseudocysts coincides with development of _______ in the host
cats immunity
60
# for the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents wtih c/o fatty stool, weight loss, ABD pain and jaundice.
* *Giardia Lamblia* * Giardiasis * Metronidazole
61
# For the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents with c/o vaginal itching and odor + leukorrhea.
* *Trichomonas Vaginalis* * Vaginitis [trichomoniasis] * **Metronidazole**, Acidic douches and abstinence
62
# For the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents with c/o weakness, anemia and protruding abdomen.
* *L. Donovani* * Kala Azar [visceral leishmaniasis] * Antimony
63
# For the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents with c/o fever, malaise, facial lesions with facial scarring.
* *L. Donovani* * Post-kala-azar dermal leishmanoid * Antimony
64
# for the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents with c/o of a _dry lesion_ (cutaneous ulcer) on the right finger, it has _persisted for months_. He lives in Mexico and also visits Brazil. Lab testing reveals _many mastigotes_ of a certain species.
* *L. Tropica* [Phlebotomus sandly] * Cutaneous Leishmaniasis * Antimony\*\* \*\*this isn't confirmed, but is used for *L. Donovani* and *L. Braziliensis*
65
# for the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents with c/o moist skin ulcerations with a quick onset. Lab studies show, few mastigotes of a species.
* *L. Major* [Phlebotomus sandfly] * Cutaneous Leishmaniasis * Antimony\*\* \*\*not confirmed, but used for *L. Donovani* and *L. Braziliensis*
66
Pt presents with a many small, red ulcers full of amastigotes. He lives in Central America, no recent travels.
* *L. Braziliensis* [Lutzomyia sandfly] * Muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis or American Leishmaniasis * Antimony
67
# For the given history, provide: Parasite, relevant disease names and Treatment: Pt presents with complaints of a fever, cough, breathing difficulty and cyanosis.
*Pneumocystis Carinii* * Asphyxia * TMP-SMA

Medical Parasitology [Undergraduate] (6 decks)

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