Exam 2

Question 0

the excretory systems found in insects is composed of

Answer 0

malphighian tubules

Question 1

Trace the route of urine in a mammalian urinary system from the kidney to elimination from the body

Answer 1

ii, iii, i, iv

kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra

Question 2

which of the following is not considered an obligatory salt and water exchange mechanism in terrestrial animals

Answer 2

all of these are mechanisms used by land animals

Question 3

in our kidneys, filtration is driven by

Answer 3

hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels of the glomerulus

Question 4

all of the following are functions of the kidney except

Answer 4

production of urea as a waste product of protein catabolism

Question 5

which of the following would be3 an indication of kidney failure

Answer 5

protein (large amount) in the urine

Question 6

which of these the most correct sequence of blood vessels about the nephron

Answer 6

afferent arteriole,, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, capillary bed, venule, renal vein

Question 7

match the animal on the left with the appropriate excretory system on the right

Answer 7

i=c, ii=a, iii=b

metanephridia, protonephridia, malipighian tubules

Question 8

In our system, the urine formed in the kidneys is carried to the urinary bladder by

Answer 8

ureters

Question 9

which of the folliwng types of blood vessels would most likely be surrounding the loop of Henle

Answer 9

Peritubular capillaries

Question 10

what is the main nitrogenous waste excreted by birds

Answer 10

uric acid

Question 11

what is the process called by which materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate

Answer 11

secretion

Question 12

what is the functional unit of the kidney

Answer 12

nephron

Question 13

which structure passes urine to the renal pelvis

Answer 13

collecting duct

Question 14

a urinary bladder is useful because it

Answer 14

stores urine to prevent constant urination

Question 15

marine fishes avoid water balance problems by

Answer 15

producing small volumes of concentrated urine

Question 16

which of the following is not a process utilized by excretory organs in the excretion of waste

Answer 16

all of these are utilized

Question 17

animals that maintain a constant water balance despite changes in water concentrations in the environment are

Answer 17

osmoregulators

Question 18

if a person drinks a large amount of water in a short period of time, he or she may die of water toxicity. ADH can help prevent water retention through interaction with target cells in the

Answer 18

kidney

Question 19

which one of the following hormones is produced by the pancreas

Answer 19

b &c

insulin and glucagon

Question 20

Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect

Answer 20

they are used to communicate between different organisms

Question 21

the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland are physically connected by

Answer 21

a stalk and a portal system

Question 22

which one of the following is a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 22

oxytocin

Question 23

match the class of hormone on the left with the representative example on the right

Answer 23

i=a, ii=c, iii=b

amine-norepinephrine
peptide- glucagon
steroid- cortisol

Question 24

the hypothalamus control the anterior pituitary by means of

Answer 24

releasing hormones

Question 25

Hormones from the hypothalamus affect the release of all of the following except

Answer 25

oxytocin

Question 26

which hormone will decrease blood glucose levels

Answer 26

insulin

Question 27

which of the following statements about endocrine glands is incorrect

Answer 27

the parathyroids regulate metabolic rate

Question 28

which of the following endocrine glands does not produce its own hormones

Answer 28

posterior pituitary

Question 29

an example of antagonistic hormones controlling homeostasis is

Answer 29

insulin and glucagon in glucose metabolism

Question 30

which of the following hormones is incorrectly paired with its action

Answer 30

insulin- stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver

Question 31

cortisol is released from the

Answer 31

adrenal cortex

Question 32

Iodine is added to cmmercially prepared table salt to help prevent deficiencies of this essential mineral. Which gland requires iodine to function properly

Answer 32

thyroid

Question 33

the hormone that acts to negatively inhibit TSH is

Answer 33

thyroxin

Question 34

which of the following occurs with the exhalation of air from human lungs

Answer 34

the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases

Question 35

primary gas exchange in a mammalian respiratory system typically takes place in the

Answer 35

alveoli

Question 36

when you hold your breath, which of the following blood gases changes first leads to the urge to breathe?

Answer 36

rising CO2

Question 37

Food is prevented from entering the trachea by the

Answer 37

epiglottis

Question 38

the entrance and exit of air into and out of the lungs is called

Answer 38

breathing

Question 39

the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood occurs by the process of

Answer 39

diffusion

Question 40

countercurrent exchange in the fish gill helps to maximize

Answer 40

diffusion

Question 41

through which one of the following respiratory structures can oxygen diffuse into the blood

Answer 41

O2 can diffuse through all these structures

Question 42

in negative pressure filling, air moves into the lungs when

Answer 42

the volume of the thoracic cavity increases

Question 43

the blood level of which gas is most important in controlling human respiration rate

Answer 43

carbon dioxide

Question 44

mammals fill their lungs through a process most accurately referred to as

Answer 44

negative pressure filling

Question 45

how is most of the CO2 transported by the blood in humans

Answer 45

bicarbonate ions in the plasma

Question 46

Hyddrogen ionsn produced in human red cells are prevented from significantly lowering pH by combining with

Answer 46

hemoglobin

Question 47

the type of respiration in which gases are exchanged between the blood and tissue fluid is termed

Answer 47

internal respiration

Question 48

with rare exceptions, the majority of oxygen is tranpsorted in the blood of vertebrates

Answer 48

by binding to hemoglobin in erythrocytes

Question 49

arrange the following locations in the order that describes the path of carbon dioxide in an insect

Answer 49

ii, iii, iv, i outside the insect, spiracles, tracheoles, cells