Exam 2

Question 0

Which major histocompatibility complex protein is associated with activation of CTLs

Answer 0

MHC 1, killer T cells

Question 1

In order for T helper and CTLs to function they must be activated.
T/F

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which major histocompatibility complex protein is associated with activation of helper T cells

Answer 2

MHC II

Question 3

Antigen presenting cells function to activate primarily which of the following?

Answer 3

T helper cells

Question 4

What is the function of CD3 in a T cell receptor?

Answer 4

Intracellular signaling

Question 5

What is the function B7 on APC?

Answer 5

Co-stimulatory molecule

Question 6

Non traditional T cells express αβ receptors. T/F

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Traditional T cells express αβ receptors. T/F

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What T cell co receptor is associated with T helper cells and functions to enhance attachment of the TCR to MHC?

Answer 8

CD4

Question 9

What T cell co receptor is associated with T killer cells?

Answer 9

CD8

Question 10

What T cell co receptor is associated with Co-stimulation?

Answer 10

CD28

Question 11

What T cell co receptor is associated with Intracellular signaling?

Answer 11

CD 3

Question 12

Immature T cells in the thymus express which T cell coreceptor?

Answer 12

CD 4, CD 8

Question 13

What additional receptor on the T cell binds B7 (on APC) amplifying the signal making it easier toactivate the T cell?

Answer 13

CD 28

Question 14

In the T cell membrane, what is associated with “lipid rafts”?

Answer 14

Large amounts of signaling molecules

Question 15

Which cytokines are associated with Th1?

Answer 15

TNF, IFN ¥, IL-2

Question 16

Which cytokines are associated with Th2?

Answer 16

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

Question 17

Which cytokines are associated with Th3?

Answer 17

IL-17, IL-21

Question 18

Connecting a Fas ligand to a Fas protein on a target cell is associated with which of the following?

a. One way a CTL can kill
b. One way a CTL is activated
c. One way a Th0 cell differentiates into Th1 or Th2
d. One way a T helper cell is activated

Answer 18

a. One way a CTL can kill

Question 19

Main examples of secondary lymphoid organs (3)

Answer 19

Spleen, lymph nodes, peyer’s patches

Question 20

What are the (2) primary lymphoid organs?

Answer 20

Thymus and bone marrow.

Question 21

Which of the following best describes a primary lymphoid follicle?a. Island of follicular dendritic cells in a sea of T cells

b. Island of follicular dendritic cells in a sea of B cells
c. Island of T cells in a sea of follicular dendritic cells
d. Island of B cells in a sea of follicular dendritic cells

Answer 21

b. Island of follicular dendritic cells in a sea of B cells

Question 22

Follicular dendritic cells are analogous to antigen presenting dendritic cells that have traveled from the tissue to the lymph node. T/F

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the major function of follicular dendritic cells?

Answer 23

Catch and display antigen to B cells

Question 24

In a lymph node, what is associated with the germinal center?

Answer 24

Proliferating B cells

Question 25

All secondary lymphoid organs have lymphoid follicles. T/F

Answer 25

True

Question 26

How do lymphocytes easily leave the blood vascular system and enter the lymph node?

Answer 26

HEV'S- high endothelial venules

Question 27

What area in a lymph node is the T cell area?

Answer 27

Paracortex

Question 28

What area in a lymph node is the B cell area?

Answer 28

Cortex

Question 29

What area in a lymph node is the dendritic cell area?

Answer 29

Marginal sinuses

Question 30

Which of the following is not a major function of the spleen? a. Removal of old RBCs b. Pool of monocytes c. Filters all your blood every 30 minutes d. Receives about ½ of total lymph flow

Answer 30

d. Receives about ½ of total lymph flow

Question 31

What is the function of M cells in Peyer’s patches?

Answer 31

Enclose antigen is vesicles

Question 32

What is the major function of regulator T cells (Treg)?

Answer 32

Inhibit the immune response

Question 33

Which cytokines reduces (inhibits) proliferation of T cells?

Answer 33

IL-10

Question 34

Which (3) cytokines increases (stimulates) proliferation of T cells?

Answer 34

IL-2, TNF, B7

Question 35

What receptor produced by experienced (old) T cells when bound with B7 makes it harder forthese T cells to reactivate?

Answer 35

CTLA-4

Question 36

What receptor produced by virgin T cells when bound with B7 makes it easier for T cells to activate?

Answer 36

CD28

Question 37

The lifespan of most immune cells averages about a year. T/F

Answer 37

False (lifespan is days to weeks).

Question 38

As an experienced T cell is reactivated over and over, what would they be expressing more ofon their cell surface making them more vulnerable to activation induced cell death (AICD).

Answer 38

Fas proteins

Question 39

What is the positive test maturing T cells must pass in the thymus?

Answer 39

Must only recognize peptides presented on MHC's (positive selection)

Question 40

What thymic cells are associated with negative selection test of T cells?

Answer 40

Thymic dendritic cells

Question 41

What thymic cells are associated with positive selection test?

Answer 41

Cortical epithelial cells

Question 42

Most T cells pass both selection tests in the thymus and migrate to lymph nodes. T/F

Answer 42

False. Most fail and are deleted.

Question 43

If aberrant T cell escapes deletion in the thymus, what is a common fate of that cell?

Answer 43

Activation induced cell death

Question 44

Which immune cell memory is hard wired and therefore unchangeable from birth?

Answer 44

Innate

Question 45

How does the innate immune system recognize pathogens?

Answer 45

Pattern recognition of pathogens

Question 46

A long-lived plasma cell is considered a memory cell. T/F

Answer 46

True

Question 47

How long can a memory effector T cell stay in the tissue?

Answer 47

At least 10 years

Question 48

During a subsequent attack by the same pathogen central memory T cells generally proliferate at a faster rate compared to virgin T cells. T/F

Answer 48

True

Question 49

During a subsequent attack, how do the symptoms compare to the initial attack?

Answer 49

Lesser than the initial attack.

Question 50

What process can fine tune memory cell’s BCR increasing affinity to its cognant antigen?

Answer 50

Somatic hypermutation

Question 51

Which antibodies can switch classes?

Answer 51

B cells

Question 52

What is the T cell equivalent to a long-lived plasma cell?

Answer 52

It does not exist

Question 53

What is the T cell equivalent to a long-lived plasma cell? a. NK cell b. Memory effector T cell c. Central memory T cell d. None of the above

Answer 53

None of the above.

Question 54

What is the function of central memory B cells?

Answer 54

To replace long lived plasma cells that have died

Question 55

Both memory B and T cells are easier to activate in subsequent attacks. T/F

Answer 55

True