Exam 2 Flashcards
(6 cards)
Briefly explain why current standards for giving a diagnosis of Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD) require assessment of *adaptive functioning in addition to evidence of significantly sub-average performance on standardized tests of general intellectual functioning-
Adaptive Functioning- How well one is able to adjust to life’s demands while living independently.
Because, although having a low intellectual score, they may be able to adapt well to their environment, therefore not requiring the IDD diagnosis.
What are examples of Adaptive Functioning?
- Conceptual Skills: Money concepts.
- Social Skills: Interpersonal, ability to attentively listen.
- Practical Skills: Independently perform ADLs.
- Occupational Skills: Ability to maintain a safe environment.
Identify and briefly describe two of the three major categories of adaptive behavior that are considered in the assessment of adaptive functioning for children and adolescents who may be diagnosed ad having Intellectual Developmental Disorder.
1) Social Skills: One’s ability to socialize, to conduct themselves in an appropriate manner given the social context; to maintain social self-sufficiency (avoid victimization); awareness across various social settings (avoiding being naive, being tricked).
2) Practical Skills: ADLs, self sufficient in feeding oneself, caring for self, utilizing available resources such as the phone and public transportation.
Briefly describe how a child or adolescent with a Mild Intellectual Disability severity level would compare to a child or adolescent with a Moderate Intellectual disability severity level in terms of the types of impairment in adaptive functioning expected and the level of supports that would likely be required.
Mild: Difficulties include difficulties in academic areas such as reading, writing, and being attentive to time. Support is needed in one or more of these areas. Support also needed in complex ADLs.
Moderate: More prominent delays in social areas such as communication, using less spoken language. Needing assistance with “big life decisions.”
Explain briefly how a Prenatal risk factor for IDD is different from a Postnatal risk factor and give at least one specific example of each.
Prenatal: A prenatal risk factor can be an organic risk factor such as a chromosomal disorder.
Postnatal: A postnatal risk factor is typically from an external source, such as an injury, poor dieting, or low socio-economic status.
Prenatal risk factors differ from postnatal in that prenatal are organically derived; they are biological or genetic, whereas Postnatal occur after birth and are typically caused by an outside source such as social deprivation.
Give a brief example to illustrate how environmental factors may increase the risk of adjustment problems among children with IDD, and how environmental factors may serve to protect a child with IDD from such problems.
Environmental factors could increase the risk if the parents are working long hours, not around to assist the child and learn how to better cope with difficulties. They could sever to protect a child for example if the parents are attempting to accommodate the child’s needs by focusing on what the child already knows and does well rather than skills the child lacks.
