exam 2 Flashcards

(37 cards)

1
Q

T/F wildlife management is a decision heavy discipline

A

True

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2
Q

Some decisions have to be made in the face of uncertainty

A

True

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3
Q

Single-loop learning deals with brorad-scale transformations (e.g. institutional relationships, govt. structures)

A

False (triple loop)

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4
Q

If wolves are removed from the federal endangered species list management authority then passes to whom?

A

State government

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5
Q

In the US, the ____ has the sole regulatory responsibility for setting harvest regulations of waterfowl

A

USFWS

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6
Q

Which decision making method is frequently centered around a consequence table?

A

ProACT

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7
Q

which decision making method is central to adaptive management?

A

ProACT

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8
Q

Which biologist pioneered the concept of adaptive management?

A

Carl Walters

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9
Q

Describe the difference between wildlife science and wildlife management

A

wildlife management is the pursuit of knowledge, management is the application of that knowledge in a human social context

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10
Q

T/F methods for measuring ecological variables are often limited to relatively small scales of space and time

A

True

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11
Q

Ecological problems are often limited to relatively small scales of space and time

A

false

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12
Q

Landscape context is an important driver of animal response

A

true

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13
Q

Conflicts over the use of resources are ___ worldwide.

A

increasing

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14
Q

While current research is trending towards longer-term studies, a 1989 paper reported only ___% of studies published in ecology lasted 5 years or more

A

1.7%

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15
Q

The textbook briefly describes using “levels” as an organizational tool. Which of these levels, ecologically speaking, is the largest? population level, community level, or ecosystem level

A

ecosystem level

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16
Q

Miller et al. described what process as “one of the most formidable challenges confronting environmental science?”

A

Data transmutation

17
Q

According to studies cited in the textbook, in Grand Teton National Park areas with higher densities of wolves have ____ pronghorn fawn mortalities than areas with lower densities

18
Q

T/F abundance of wild populations is an easy metric to accurately estimate

19
Q

T/T In pop modeling, all age classes have an equal impact on pop dynamics

20
Q

Compensatory predation has little to no impact on overall prey survival

21
Q

In the broadest sense, pop dynamics can be determined through which four factors?

A

births, immigration, deaths and emigration

22
Q

Who was the author of population bomb?

23
Q

What does a lambda value >1 symbolize?

A

An increasing population

24
Q

What are deterministic factors of population dynamics?

A

predation, disease, habitat quality, anthropogenic effects

25
The term ____ is used to describe multiple pops of the same species with some level of dispersal and gene flow
metapopulation
26
what are examples of stochastic factors?
demographic stochasticity (avalanche), genetic stochasticity, environmental stochsticity
27
Describe single-loop, double-loop and triple-loop learning
Single: Improvement of established routine. Our action was wrong. Double: Reframing. Our premise/thinking was wrong. Triple: Transforming. Our objective was wrong. (organisational change)
28
What are the two parts to structured decision making?
1. Values-focused thinking. All decisions are statements about values 2. Problem decomposition. Breaks a decision into its logical components (conceptual model)
29
What is the PrOACT framework?
``` Problem definition Objectives identification Alternate Action identification Consequence evaluation Trade-off assessment ```
30
When is structured decision making appropriate?
When objectives are clear and consequences well-understood
31
What is a nominal scale?
labels to classify measurements into classes e.g. sex, religion, etc.
32
What is an ordinate scale?
A ranking scale. e.g. poor, fair good, excellent
33
what is an interval scale?
known interval between measurements with no or arbitrary zero. e.g. temperature
34
What is a ratio scale?
known interval with a definite zero. e.g. body mass
35
what is isometric scaling?
proportional relationships are preserved (linear relationship)
36
what is allometric scaling?
relationships are disproportional (exponential) e.g. winter severity
37
all animal behaviors either increase energy intake or minimize growth and maintenance requirements
Yeet!