Exam 2 Chapter 4 - SLE/Lupus

Question 1

This disease is known as the great imitator. It can imitate virtually any disease.

Answer 1

SLE/lupus

Question 2

This is the failed self-tolerance portion of SLE or lupus involves the creation of these:

Answer 2

antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and IgG

Question 3

This autoimmune disease is extremely variable and can affect any organ. The skin, kidneys, serous membranes, joints, heart and CNS are the MC.

Answer 3

SLE/lupus

Question 4

This disease has an insidious onset, is unpredictable, and relapsing.

Answer 4

SLE/lupus

Question 5

Lupus is MC in this age group.

Answer 5

young adulthood females (9x)

Question 6

Lupus affects this many women of childbearing age (white)

Answer 6

1:700

Question 7

Lupus affects this many women of childbearing age (African American)

Answer 7

1:245

Question 8

Lupus involves these types of hypersensitivity reactions. It is part of the reason the disease can be so wide spread.

Answer 8

type II and type III

Question 9

This is the term for vessel injury. It is observed in lupus.

Answer 9

thrombosis

Question 10

This is the clinical term for renal failure. It is associated with SLE or lupus.

Answer 10

glomerulonephritis

Question 11

These are two major symptoms of SLE or lupus.

Answer 11

1) vessel injury (thrombosis)

2) renal failure (glomerulonephritis)

Question 12

SLE or lupus exhibits a fever of ________ origin.

Answer 12

unknown

Question 13

This is associated with lupus or SLE. It causes a malar (butterfly) rash (50%), a discoid rash (erythema, raised, scaling) and deroepidermal degeneration (IgG deposits).

Answer 13

photosensitivity

Question 14

This is caused by pleuritis or pericarditis in SLE or lupus.

Answer 14

serositis

Question 15

Hair loss, headache, G.I. discomfort, Libman-Sacks endocarditis: mitral valve (verrucous vegetations), photosensitivity, fever of unknown origin and serositis are all symptoms of what autoimmune disorder?

Answer 15

SLE/lupus

Question 16

Oral ulcers, arthritis, CNS (vascular lesions –> ischemia, multifocal cerebral infarcts), fatigue, myalgia, pulmonary and liver fibrosis, pancytopenia (splenomegaly), and Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) are all symptoms of what autoimmune disorder?

Answer 16

SLE/lupus

Question 17

ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody) is __% sensitive, __% specific.

Answer 17

99%, 80%

Question 18

Diagnosis of SLE or lupus requires _____ of the 11 total criteria.

Answer 18

4+

Question 19

Genetic factors of lupus: monozygotic twins ______, dizygotic twins ______

Answer 19

25, 3

Question 20

Sex hormones (estrogen), UV light, smoking, ADRs, infections are all risks of what autoimmune disease?

Answer 20

lupus

Question 21

This is the treatment for lupus flare-ups.

Answer 21

corticosteroids or immunosuppressive meds

Question 22

The 5 year survival rate for lupus is ______%.

Answer 22

95

Question 23

Death from lupus is usually due to:

Answer 23

renal failure (MC), MI

Question 24

Lupus or SLE puts people at risk for the development of this type of cancer.

Answer 24

B cell lymphoma

Question 25

This autoimmune disease involves exocrine gland destruction and enlargement.

Answer 25

sjogren syndrome

Question 26

In sjogren syndrome, there is damage to these cells.

Answer 26

ductal epithelial cells

Question 27

This type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with sjogren syndrome.

Answer 27

type IV (CD4+ T cells)

Question 28

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is associated with Sjogren syndrome and affects these glands. It causes dry eyes. This can lead to inflammation, erosion, and ulcerations.

Answer 28

lacrimal glands

Question 29

Xerostomia is associated with Sjogren syndrome and affects these glands. It causes dry mouth. This can lead to fissuring and ulcerations.

Answer 29

salivary glands

Question 30

This autoimmune disease also (less commonly) includes dryness of these areas: vagina, nasopharynx (laryngitis), upper airways (bronchitis), kidneys, CNS, and muscles.

Answer 30

sjogren syndrome

Question 31

People with Sjogren syndrome test _______ for ANA.

Answer 31

positive

Question 32

This is the name for isolated Sjogren syndrome.

Answer 32

sicca syndrome

Question 33

Sjogren syndrome can also occur _______ to other autoimmune disorders.

Answer 33

secondary

Question 34

What percentage of cases of Sjogren syndrome are secondary to other autoimmune disorders?

Answer 34

60

Question 35

What is the MC disease that Sjogren syndrome is secondary to?

Answer 35

rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - (then SLE and systemic sclerosis)

Question 36

Sjogren syndrome is MC in females _____ years old (90%).

Answer 36

35-45

Question 37

SS causes an increased risk of this type of cancer.

Answer 37

b cell lymphoma

Question 38

This is extensive fibrosis in multiple tissues. It also involves vascular destruction of small arteries.

Answer 38

systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

Question 39

This disease is MC in the skin (95%), G.I. (90%), kidney (65%), lungs (50%), heart (30%), skeletal muscle.

Answer 39

systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

Question 40

The following are features of what autoimmune disease? Raynaud phenomenon, malabsorption, dysphagia, renovascular HTN, renal failure, dyspnea, myalgia, arthritis.

Answer 40

systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

Question 41

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is MC in women of this age (3x).

Answer 41

40-60

Question 42

These are the two types of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).

Answer 42

limited and diffuse

Question 43

Limited scleroderma has ____ skin involvement. It is mostly located in the fingers, face, and has late visceral involvement.

Answer 43

mild

Question 44

This is another name for limited systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).

Answer 44

CREST syndrome

Question 45

What does CREST syndrome stand for? - limited systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

Answer 45

``` Calcinosis Raynaud phenomenon Esophageal dysmotility (fibrosis of lower 2/3) Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia (spider veins) ```

Question 46

This type of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is associated with rapid/widespread skin involvement, early visceral involvement and is aggressive.

Answer 46

diffuse

Question 47

Limited systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is ANA _______.

Answer 47

positive