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Gen Path > Exam 2 Chapter 4 - SLE/Lupus > Flashcards

Exam 2 Chapter 4 - SLE/Lupus Flashcards

1
Q

This disease is known as the great imitator. It can imitate virtually any disease.

A

SLE/lupus

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2
Q

This is the failed self-tolerance portion of SLE or lupus involves the creation of these:

A

antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and IgG

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3
Q

This autoimmune disease is extremely variable and can affect any organ. The skin, kidneys, serous membranes, joints, heart and CNS are the MC.

A

SLE/lupus

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4
Q

This disease has an insidious onset, is unpredictable, and relapsing.

A

SLE/lupus

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5
Q

Lupus is MC in this age group.

A

young adulthood females (9x)

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6
Q

Lupus affects this many women of childbearing age (white)

A

1:700

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7
Q

Lupus affects this many women of childbearing age (African American)

A

1:245

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8
Q

Lupus involves these types of hypersensitivity reactions. It is part of the reason the disease can be so wide spread.

A

type II and type III

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9
Q

This is the term for vessel injury. It is observed in lupus.

A

thrombosis

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10
Q

This is the clinical term for renal failure. It is associated with SLE or lupus.

A

glomerulonephritis

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11
Q

These are two major symptoms of SLE or lupus.

A

1) vessel injury (thrombosis)

2) renal failure (glomerulonephritis)

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12
Q

SLE or lupus exhibits a fever of ________ origin.

A

unknown

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13
Q

This is associated with lupus or SLE. It causes a malar (butterfly) rash (50%), a discoid rash (erythema, raised, scaling) and deroepidermal degeneration (IgG deposits).

A

photosensitivity

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14
Q

This is caused by pleuritis or pericarditis in SLE or lupus.

A

serositis

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15
Q

Hair loss, headache, G.I. discomfort, Libman-Sacks endocarditis: mitral valve (verrucous vegetations), photosensitivity, fever of unknown origin and serositis are all symptoms of what autoimmune disorder?

A

SLE/lupus

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16
Q

Oral ulcers, arthritis, CNS (vascular lesions –> ischemia, multifocal cerebral infarcts), fatigue, myalgia, pulmonary and liver fibrosis, pancytopenia (splenomegaly), and Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) are all symptoms of what autoimmune disorder?

A

SLE/lupus

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17
Q

ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody) is __% sensitive, __% specific.

A

99%, 80%

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18
Q

Diagnosis of SLE or lupus requires _____ of the 11 total criteria.

A

4+

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19
Q

Genetic factors of lupus: monozygotic twins ______, dizygotic twins ______

A

25, 3

20
Q

Sex hormones (estrogen), UV light, smoking, ADRs, infections are all risks of what autoimmune disease?

A

lupus

21
Q

This is the treatment for lupus flare-ups.

A

corticosteroids or immunosuppressive meds

22
Q

The 5 year survival rate for lupus is ______%.

A

95

23
Q

Death from lupus is usually due to:

A

renal failure (MC), MI

24
Q

Lupus or SLE puts people at risk for the development of this type of cancer.

A

B cell lymphoma

25
Q

This autoimmune disease involves exocrine gland destruction and enlargement.

A

sjogren syndrome

26
Q

In sjogren syndrome, there is damage to these cells.

A

ductal epithelial cells

27
Q

This type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with sjogren syndrome.

A

type IV (CD4+ T cells)

28
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is associated with Sjogren syndrome and affects these glands. It causes dry eyes. This can lead to inflammation, erosion, and ulcerations.

A

lacrimal glands

29
Q

Xerostomia is associated with Sjogren syndrome and affects these glands. It causes dry mouth. This can lead to fissuring and ulcerations.

A

salivary glands

30
Q

This autoimmune disease also (less commonly) includes dryness of these areas: vagina, nasopharynx (laryngitis), upper airways (bronchitis), kidneys, CNS, and muscles.

A

sjogren syndrome

31
Q

People with Sjogren syndrome test _______ for ANA.

A

positive

32
Q

This is the name for isolated Sjogren syndrome.

A

sicca syndrome

33
Q

Sjogren syndrome can also occur _______ to other autoimmune disorders.

A

secondary

34
Q

What percentage of cases of Sjogren syndrome are secondary to other autoimmune disorders?

A

60

35
Q

What is the MC disease that Sjogren syndrome is secondary to?

A

rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - (then SLE and systemic sclerosis)

36
Q

Sjogren syndrome is MC in females _____ years old (90%).

A

35-45

37
Q

SS causes an increased risk of this type of cancer.

A

b cell lymphoma

38
Q

This is extensive fibrosis in multiple tissues. It also involves vascular destruction of small arteries.

A

systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

39
Q

This disease is MC in the skin (95%), G.I. (90%), kidney (65%), lungs (50%), heart (30%), skeletal muscle.

A

systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

40
Q

The following are features of what autoimmune disease? Raynaud phenomenon, malabsorption, dysphagia, renovascular HTN, renal failure, dyspnea, myalgia, arthritis.

A

systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

41
Q

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is MC in women of this age (3x).

A

40-60

42
Q

These are the two types of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).

A

limited and diffuse

43
Q

Limited scleroderma has ____ skin involvement. It is mostly located in the fingers, face, and has late visceral involvement.

A

mild

44
Q

This is another name for limited systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).

A

CREST syndrome

45
Q

What does CREST syndrome stand for? - limited systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

A 
Calcinosis
Raynaud phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotility (fibrosis of lower 2/3)
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia (spider veins)
46
Q

This type of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is associated with rapid/widespread skin involvement, early visceral involvement and is aggressive.

A

diffuse

47
Q

Limited systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is ANA _______.

A

positive

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