Exam 2 Drugs

Question 1

Ritalin/adderol

Answer 1

Increase the amount of dopamine released in the striatum.

Question 2

Cocaine

Answer 2

Attaches to the dopamine transporter and blocks the normal recycling process, resulting in a buildup of dopamine in the synapse.

Question 3

Methamphetamine (amphetamines)

Answer 3

Cause release of catecholamines without nerve firing. Increase dopamine levels and regulate the activity of glutamate.

Question 4

MDMA

Answer 4

Causes release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin.
Effects: heightened arousal, euphoria, enhanced perceptual awareness, and pro social effects

Question 5

SSRIs

Answer 5

Block the reuptake of serotonin into neurons
Inactivation of 5-HT, reuptake by 5-HT transporter

Question 6

Bungarotoxin

Answer 6

Works by modulating acetylcholine neurotransmission in both muscles and neurons. Produces paralysis of striated muscles by blocking cholinergic receptors in the neuromuscular junction.

Question 7

Botulism toxin

Answer 7

Binds presynaptically to high-affinity recognition sites on the cholinergic nerve terminals and decreasing the release of acetylcholine, causing a neuromuscular blocking effect (paralysis)

Question 8

Black widow venom

Answer 8

Causes massive release of ACh in the PNS

Question 9

Sarin/psychostigmine

Answer 9

Sarin is an irreversible AChE inhibitor (nerve gas)
Physostigmine is a reversible AChE inhibitor that crosses blood-brain barrier and affects the CNS; used for glaucoma.

Question 10

Alcohol

Answer 10

Alcohol is absorbed from the GI tract; diffuses throughout the body, entering most tissues, including the brain.

Question 11

Benzodiazepines

Answer 11

Positive allosteric modulators that enhance the action of GABA on the receptor, make you feel relaxed and sleepy and reduce your anxiety.