Exam 2 Information Flashcards
(212 cards)
1
Q
Layers of the neck ( superficial to deep)
A
1.superficial fascia
2. investing ( superficial) layer
3. Muscular pretrachel layer
4. Visceral pretrachel layer
5. Carotid Sheath
6. Prevertebral layer
2
Q
Investing layer
A
Surrounds the entire neck deep to skin and subcutaneous tissue. Contains the trapeszius and SCM.
3
Q
Pretrachel Layer
A
located/limited to the anterior part of the neck. Contans a muscular and a visceral layer.
4
Q
Pretrachel Layer (muscular) encloses
A
(infrahyoid muscles); sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid
5
Q
Pretrachel Layer ( visceral) encloses
A
thyroid gland, trachea, and esophagus
6
Q
Platysma
A
I- CN VII ( Seven) Facial
P/D- inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face, fascia covering superior parts of pec major and deltoid muscles
A- draws skin of mouth superiorly when teeth are clenched, draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widens it as in expressions of sadness and fright, assist in mandibular depression
-located in the superficial fascia
7
Q
SCM ( clavicular head)
A
I- XI ( eleven) Accessory+ C3,C4
S/D- lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line, superior surface of medial third of clavicle
A-unilateral and bilateral flx, etc
7
Q
SCM ( Sternal head)
A
I- XI ( eleven) Accessory
S/D- lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line, anterior surface of manubrium
A-unilateral and bilateral flx, etc
8
Q
Trapezius
A
I- XI ( eleven) Accessory + C3,C4
S/D- Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae, and lumbar and sacral spinous processes./ Lateral third of clavicle, acromon, and spine of scapula.
A- Depends on the part.
9
Q
Muscles located in the prevertebral layer
A
rectus capitis lateralis, rectus capitis anterior, longus colli, longus capitis anteriorly, scalenes laterally, and deep cervical muscle posteriorly.
10
Q
Longus Colli
A
I- Anterior rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves
S/D- (S) Anterior tubercles of C1 vertebra ( atlas); bodes of C1-C3 and transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebra (D) bodies of C5-T3 vertebrae ;transverse processes of C3-C5 vertebrae
A- flexes neck with rotation ( torsion) to opposite side if acting unilarerally
11
Q
Rectus Capitis Anterior
A
I- Branches from loop b/w C1 and C2 spinal nerves
S/D- (S) base of cranium, just anterior to occipital condyle (D) anterior surface of lateral masses of atlas ( C1 vertebra)
A- flex head
11
Q
Longus Capitis
A
I-Anterior rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves
S/D- (S) basilar part of occipital bone (D) anterior tubercles of C3-C6 transverse processes
A- flex head
12
Q
Anterior Scalene
A
I- Cervical spinal nerves C4-C6
S/D- (S) transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae (D) 1st rib
A- flex head
13
Q
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
A
I- branches from loop b/w C1 and C2 spinal nerves
S/D- (S) Jugular process of occipital bone D) transverse process of atlas (C1 vertebra)
A- Flexes head and helps stabilize it –
14
Q
Splenius Capitis
A
I- Posterior rami of middle cervial spinal nerves
S/D- (S) inferior half of nuchal ligament and spinous processes of superior six thoracic vertebrae (D) lateral aspect of mastois process and lateral third of superior nuchal line
A- Laterally flexes and rotate head and neck to same side; acting bilaterally, extends head and neck
15
Q
Levator Scapulae
A
I- Dorsal scapular N C5 and cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4
S/D- (S) posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2-C6 vertebrae (D) superior part of medial border of scapula
A- Downward rotation of scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
16
Q
Middle scalene
A
I- Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
S/D- (S) posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C5-C7 vertebrae (D) superior surface of 1st rib; posterior to groove for subclavian artery
A- Flexes neck laterally; elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
17
Q
Posterior Scalene
A
I- Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8
S/D- (S) posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C5-C7 vertebrae (D) external border of 2nd rib
A- Flexes neck laterally; elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
18
Q
Sternohyoid muscle
A
I- Ana Cervicalis
S/D-(S) manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle (D) body of hyoid
A- Depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing
19
Q
omohyoid muscle
A
I- Ana Cervicalis
S/D-(S) superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch (D) inferior border of hyoid
A- depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid
20
Q
sternothyroid
A
I- Ana Cervicalis
S/D-(S) posterior surface of manubrium of sternum (D) oblique line of tyroid cartilage
A- depresses hyoid and larynx
21
Q
thyrohyoid
A
I- C1 via hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII) and nerve to tyrohyoid
S/D-(S) oblique line of thyroid cartilage (D) inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid
A- depresses hyoid and elevates larynx
22
Q
Lesser Occipital (C2) Sensory N.
A
Innervates the skin of the neck and scalp posterior and superior to the auricle.
23
Great Auricular ( C2,C3) Sensory N.
innervates area of skin around the angle of the mandible to mastoid process
24
Transverse Cervical (C2, C3) Sensory N.
sensory to the anterior cervical region, passes anteriorly and horizontally across it deep to the platysma
25
Supraclavicular ( C3,C4) Sensory N.
skin of the neck that cross the clavicle and supply skin over the shoulder
26
Phrenic N ( C3,C4,C5) Motor N
motor supply to the diaphragm
27
Ansa Cervicalis ( loops C1, C2- C2-C3) Motor N
motor supply to the infrahyoid muscles. has superior and inferior roots.
28
Spinal Accessory N ( CN XI)
Motor to trapezius and SCM
29
Hypoglossal ( CN XII)
Motor to tounge
30
Glossopharyngeal ( CN IX)
innervates tounge and pharynx
31
Vagus ( CN X)
Larynx , pharynx, and cardiac branches. major parasympathetic nerve
32
Sternocleiodmastoid (cervical regions of the neck)
where SCM is located. Contains: superior part of the external jugular vein. great auricular nerve, transverse cervical nerve
33
Posterior Cervical ( cervical regions of the neck)
located deep to upper trapezius
contains: suboccipital triangle, vertebral artery, suboccipital nerve ( C1) , and suboccipital venous plexus
34
Lateral Cervical ( cervical regions of the neck) ( posterior triangle ) boarders
Ant- posterior border of the SCM
Post- the anterior border of trapezius
Inferior- the middle third of the clavicle b/w the trapezius and the SCM
35
Anterior Cervical ( ant triangle ) ( cervical regions of the neck) Bondaries
Ant- median line of the neck
Post- anterior border of the SCM
Sup- Inferior border of the mandible
contains: the submental, submandubukar, and carotid triangle
36
Submental Triangle
located inferior to the chin, contains the submental lymph nodes and small veins that unite to form the anterior jugular v.
37
Submandibular triangle
grandular area b/w the inferior border of the mandible and the anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle.
contains: submandubular gland, submandibular lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve ( CN XII), mylohyoid nerve, and parts of facial A and V.
38
Carotid Triangle
The common carotid A ascends into this area.
39
Internal Carotid Supplies
structures internal to cranium
40
External Carotid Supplies
the neck and face
41
3 layers of viscera of the neck
- endocrine
-respiratory
-alimentary
42
Olfactory ( CN I)- special sensory
smell, exits via the foramina in cribriform plate
43
Optic ( CN II)- special sensory
Vision from retina, exits via the optic canal
44
Oculomotor (CN III): Somatic Motor Part
motor to superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpabrae superioris
45
Oculomotor (CN III): Somatic Visceral Part
sphincter pupillae
46
Arterial supply to the upper row of teeth.
The posterior, middle, and anterior branches off the Superior Alveolar A.
47
Nerve supply to the upper row of teeth.
The posterior, middle, and anterior branches off superior alveolar, off the Maxillary divison off the trigeminal nerve.
48
Nerve supply to the lower row of teeth.
Inferior alveolar N
.
49
Nerve supply to the lower row of teeth.
Inferior alveolar nerve off the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
50
Tensor veli palatini (Muscle of the soft palate)
tenses the soft palate during swallowing and yawning; innervated by the medial pterygoid nerve, which is a branch off the mandubular nerve
51
Levator Veli palatini (Muscle of the soft palate)
elevates the soft palate during swallowing and yawning; innervated by the vagus nerve
52
Palatoglossus (Muscle of the soft palate)
elevates posterior part of tounge and lowers the palate onto tongue; innervated by the vagus nerve
53
Palatopharyngeus (Muscle of the soft palate)
elevates and pulls the pharynx anteriorly and medially during swallowing and speaking; inntervated by the vagus nerve
54
Musculus Uvulae (Muscle of the soft palate)
shortens and pulls the uvula superiorly to close the nasopharynx; inntervated by the vagus nerve
55
The lessor palatine nerve innervates ( this nerve is a branch off the maxillary division)
sensation to the soft palate
56
Greater palatine nerve innervates ( this nerve is a branch off the maxillary division)
sensation to the hard palate
57
Nasopalatine nerve innervates (this nerve is a branch off the maxillary division)
sensation to the hard palate
58
Genioglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tounge)
bilateral actvity depresses tongue, especially central part, creating a longitudinal furrow; posterior part pulls tongue anteriorly for protrusion, modt anterior part retravts apex of protruded tongue; unilateral contraction deviates tongue to contralateral side ; innervated by hypoglossal (CN XII)
59
Hypoglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tounge)
depresses tounge, espically pulling its sides inferiorly, helps shorten ( retrude) tounge ; innervated by hypoglossal (CN XII)
60
Styloglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tounge)
retrudes tongue and curls ( elevates) its sides, working with genioglossus to form a central trough during swallowing; innervated by hypoglossal (CN XII)
61
Palatoglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tounge)
capable of elevating posterior tongue or depressing soft palate, most commonaly acts to constrict isthmus of fauces; innervated by hypoglossal (CN XII)
62
extrinsic muscles of the tounge
controls the tounges position; genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, and palatoglossus
63
Intrinsic muscles of the tounge
control the shape of the tounge; superior longittudinal, transverse and vertical, and inferior longitudinal
64
If there was a unilateral lesion to the hypoglossal nerve ? What dysfunction would you observe?
The tounge would deviate to the side of the lesion. For example, if there was a lesion to the left side, when you ask the patient to stick their tounge out, the tounge would deviate to the left.
65
The lingual nerve provides sensation to ?
the anterior 2/3 of the tounge
66
The chorda Tympani ( CN VII) provides taste to?
the anterior 2/3 of the tounge
67
The glossopharyngeal provides sensation and taste to the ?
posterior 1/3 of the tounge
68
The vagus nerve provides sensation and taste to the?
root of tongue
69
the hypoglossal nerve provides
motor innervation to the tongue
70
The dorsal lingual arteries supply ?
the root of the tongue
71
the deep lingual arteries branches supply?
the body of the tongue
72
The sublingual arteries supply the ?
the sublingual glands, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, and oral mucosa
73
If there is a lack of blood flow to the floor of the mouth and the tongue, where is the vascular issue arising ?
lingual artery
74
Superior pharyngeal constrictor (Muscle of the pharynx)
innervation: vagus nerve ( X) action:constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
75
Middle pharyngeal constrictor (Muscle of the pharynx)
innervation: vagus nerve ( X) action:constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
76
Inferior pharyngeal constrictor (Muscle of the pharynx)
innervation: vagus nerve ( X) action:constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
77
Palatopharyngeus (Muscle of the pharynx)
innervation: vagus nerve ( X) action: elevate ( shorten and widen) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
78
Salpingopharyngeus (Muscle of the pharynx)
innervation: vagus nerve ( X) action: elevate ( shorten and widen) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
79
Stylopharyngeus (Muscle of the pharynx)
innervation: glossopharyngeal nerve ( IX) action: elevate ( shorten and widen) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
80
Levator palpebrae superioris (muscles of the eye)
Action: elevates superior eyelid
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve ( CN III)
Origin: lesser wing of sphenoid bone, superior and anterior optic canal
Insertion: superior tarsus and skin of superior eyelid
- sympathetic fibers
81
medial rectus (muscles of the eye)
Action: adducts eyeball
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve ( CN III)
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
82
lateral rectus (muscles of the eye)
Action: abducts eyeball
Innervation: abducent nerve ( CN VI)
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
- presynaptic parasympathetic fibers
83
inferior oblique (muscles of the eye)
Action: abducts, elevates, and laterally rotates eyeball
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve ( CN III)
Origin: anterior part of the floor of orbit
Insertion: sclera deep to lateral rectus muscle
- general sensory fibers
84
superior oblique (muscles of the eye)
Action: abducts, depresses, and medially rotates eyeball
Innervation: Trochlear nerve ( CN IV)
Origin: body of sphenoid bone
Insertion: its tendon passes through a fiberous ring or trochlea, changes its direction, and inserts into sclera deep to superior rectus muscle
- postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers
85
superior rectus (muscles of the eye)
Action: elevates, adducts, and rotates eyeball medially
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve ( CN III)
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
86
inferior rectus (muscles of the eye)
Action: depresses, adducts, and rotates eyeball laterally
Innervation: Oculomotor nerve ( CN III)
Origin: common tendinous ring
Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
87
Dilator pupillae
radially arranged fibers increase the diameter of the pupil, sympathetically innervated
88
Sphincter pupillae
circulary arranged fibers constrict the pupil, parasympathetically innervated ( CN III)
89
Horners Syndrome
a lesion of the cervical sympathetic trunk in the neck results in a sympathetic distubance called horner syndrome
-contriction of the pupil ( miosis)
-drooping of the superior eyelid ( ptosis)
-redness and increased temperature of the skin ( vasodilation)
-absence of sweating ( anhydrosis)
90
arterial supply to the external ear
posterior auricular and superficial temporal
91
innervation supply to the external ear
great auricular and auriculotemporal
92
typanic membrane (Middle ear)
aka, eardrum; sound waves hit membrane which vibrates and transmit waves to bones of middle ear; the chorda tampani nerve ( a branch off the facial n ) travels across this membrane
93
malleus, incus, and stapes (Middle ear-auditory ossicles)
smallest bones in the body, function to transmit the wave onto the cochlea
94
tensory typani muscle (Middle ear)
functions to tense the tympanic membrane; innervated by the medial ptreygoid nerve off the mandibilar division of trigeminal nerve
95
stapedius muscle (Middle ear)
stabilizes the stapes to prevent excessive movement of stapes, innervated by branch off facial nerve
96
sings of acoustic neuritis due to a tumor compressing the vestibular cochlear nerve.
hearing loss, ringing in ears, dizziness
97
semicircular canals (inner ear)
respond to rotational position of the head ( dynamic positions)
98
vestibule (inner ear)
responds to changes in position of the head ( such as head tilt) and linear acceleration
99
cochlea (inner ear)
sensory organ for hearing
100
Thyroid cartilage (unpaired or paired?)
unpaired
101
cricoid cartilage (unpaired or paired?)
unpaired
102
epiglottis cartilage (unpaired or paired?)
unpaired
103
Arytenoids cartilage (unpaired or paired?)
paired
104
Corniculates cartilage (unpaired or paired?)
paired
105
Cuneiforms cartilage (unpaired or paired?)
paired
106
Ascending Pharyngeal A. supplies ? (branches off the Internal Carotid A.)
pharynx, middle ear, deep cervical muscles, and meninges
107
Occipital A. supplies ? (branches off the External Carotid A.)
occipital region
108
Posterior Auricular A. supplies ? (branches off the External Carotid A.)
the lateral scalp area and the parotid gland
109
Superior Thyroid A. supplies? (branches off the External Carotid A.)
supplies thyroid gland and infrahyoid muscles
110
Superior Laryngeal A. supplies? (branches off the External Carotid A.)
the larynx
111
Lingual A. supplies ? (branches off the External Carotid A.)
supplies the tounge
112
Facial A. supplies ? (branches off the External Carotid A.)
most of the face
113
Internal jugular vein ( located in the carotid sheath layer) drains blood from?
brain, anterior face, cervical viscera, and deep muscles of the neck
114
Muscles located in the lateral cervical region/posterior triangle
splenius capitis, levator scapule, middle scalene, and posteior scalene
115
Suprascapular A. supply ?(branch off thyrocervical trunk)
supplies the supra/infraspinatus
116
Inferior Thyroid A. supply? (branch off thyrocervical trunk)
supplies the thyroid
117
Cervicodorsal trunk/transverse cervical A. supply ? (branch off thyrocervical trunk)
supply the trapezius, levator scapulae, and middle scalene
118
Subclavian Vein drains ?
drains the upper extremity
119
External Jugular Vein drains?
drains the scalp and lateral aspect of face
120
Internal jugular vein drains ?
blood from the brain anterior face, cervical region, deep muscles of the back
121
Anterior jugular vein drains?
anterior face and neck
122
Endocrine (what makes up this layer? )
thyroid gland and parathyroid
123
Respiratory (what makes up this layer?)
larynx and trachea
124
Alimentary (what makes up this layer? )
pharynx and esophagus
125
Thyroid gland
produces thyroid hormone and regulates matebolism of calcium
126
parathyroid gland
produces parathormone and regulates metabolism of phosphorus and calcium in the blood
127
what stuctures enter the mandibular foramen ?
inferior alveolar nerve and artery
128
what structures travels through the mental forament ?
inferior alveolar nerve
129
what structures travel through the incisive foramen ?
nasopalatine n ( off maxillary n) and sphenopalatine a ( off maxillary a)
130
what structures travel through the infraorbital foramen ?
Infraorbital V.A.N
131
What strucutres travel through the greater palatine foramina?
Greater palatine N. and A.
132
What strucutres travel through the lesser palatine foramina?
lesser palatine N. and A.
133
What strcutures pass through the supraorbital foramina ?
Supraorbital V.A.N
134
Where does the optic nerve ( CN II) exit ?
the optic canal
135
Where does the oculomotor nerve (CN III) exit ?
superior orbital fissure
136
Where does the olfactory nerve exit ( CN I)
Cribiform plate
137
Where does the Oculomotor nerve (CN III )exit?
superior orbital fissure
138
Where does the Troclear ( CN IV) nerve exit ?
superior orbital fissure
139
Where does the Trigeminal nerve ( CN V) exit ? The Ophthalamic branch?
superior orbital fissure
140
Where does the Trigeminal nerve ( CN V) exit ? The Maxillary branch?
foramen rotundum
141
Where does the Trigeminal nerve ( CN V) exit ? The Mandibular branch?
foramen ovale
142
Where does Abducent (CN VI) exit ?
superior orbital fissure
143
Where does the Facial ( CN VII) nerve exit?
internal acoutic meatus, facial canal, and stylomastoid foramen
144
Where does the Vestibulocochlear ( CN VIII) exit ?
internal acoustic meatus
145
where does the glossopharyngeal ( CN IX) exit ?
Jugular foramen
146
where does the Vagus ( CN X) exit?
jugular foramen
146
where does the spinal accessory ( CN XI) nerve exit ?
jugular foramen
147
Where does the Hypoglossal (CN XII) exit?
Hypoglossal canal
148
What exits the foramen magnum ?
vertebral arteries, spinal accessory, and spinal cord
149
Trochlear ( CN IV) : Motor
motor to superior oblique which depress, medially rotaate, and abduct eye
150
Trigeminal ( CN V): Opthalmic: Somatic sensory
sensation from cornea, skin of forehead, scalp, eyelids, nose, and mucosa of nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses
151
Trigeminal ( CN V): Maxillary: Somatic sensory
sensation from skin of face over maxilla: including teeth, mucosa od nose, maxillary sinuses, and palatine
152
Trigeminal ( CN V): Mandibular: Somatic motor
Motor to muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, ant. belly of diagatric, tensor veli palatini, and tensor tympani
153
Trigeminal ( CN V): Mandibular: Somatic sensory
sensation from skin over mandible, including lower lip, side of head, mandibilar teeth, temporomandibilar joint, mucosa of mouth, and anterio 2/3 of tongue.
154
Trigeminal ( CN V): Opthalmic: Somatic sensory: FRONTAL BRANCH
supplies the forehead
155
Trigeminal ( CN V): Opthalmic: Somatic sensory: NASOCILIARY BRANCH
eye and nose
156
Trigeminal ( CN V): Opthalmic: Somatic sensory: Lacramal BRANCH
sensation to the lacrimal gland
157
Trigeminal ( CN V): Maxillary: Somatic sensory: ZYGOMATIC BRANCH
Temporal and zygomatis bone area
158
Trigeminal ( CN V): Maxillary: Somatic sensory: Superior alveoler
upper teeth
159
Trigeminal ( CN V): Maxillary: Somatic sensory: Infraorbital
skin below the eye
160
Trigeminal ( CN V): Maxillary: Somatic sensory: Greather and lesser palatine and nasopalatine
glands on roof of mouth
161
Trigeminal ( CN V): Mandibular: Somatic sensory: Auriculotemporal BRANCH
area anterior to ear and temporal bone
162
Trigeminal ( CN V): Mandibular: Somatic sensory: BUCCAL BRANCH
skin over cheeck and later jaw
163
Trigeminal ( CN V): Mandibular: Somatic sensory: LINGUAL BRANCH
anterior tongue
164
Trigeminal ( CN V): Mandibular: Somatic sensory: INFERIOR ALVEOLAR
meantal: floor of mouth, mandibular teeth, skin over chin and lower lip
165
Abducens ( CN: VI) : Somatic motor
motor to lateral rectus to turn eye laterally
166
Facial ( CN VII): Somatic motor
motor to muscles of facial expression and scalp; also supplies stapedius of middle ear, stylohyoid, and posterior belly of diagastric
167
Facial ( CN VII): Special Sensory
taste from anterior two thirds of tongue and palate
168
Facial ( CN VII): Somatic Sensory
general sensation from skin of both aspects of auricle
169
Facial ( CN VII): Visceral Motor
parasympathetic innervation to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal gland, and glands of nose and palate.
170
Vestibulocochlear: ( CN VIII): Vestibular
special sensory: sensation from semicircular ducts, utricle, and saccle related to position and movement of head
171
Vestibulocochlear: ( CN VIII): Cochlear
special sensory: hearing from spiral organ
172
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX): Somatic ( branchial) motor
motor to stylopharyngeus to assit in swallowing
173
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX): Visceral motor
parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland
174
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX): Special sensory
-taste from posterior third of tongue and pharynx
-carotid body ( chemoreceptors) and sinus baroreceptor
175
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX): somatic sensory
Posterior auricle, tragus, postior 1/3 of tounge, soft palate and pharynx
cutaneous sensation from external ear
176
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX): visceral sensory
from parotid gland, carotid body and sinus, pharynx and middle ear
177
Vagus (CN X): Somatic ( branchial) motor
motor to consrictor muscles of pharynx, intrinsic muscles of larynx, muscles of palate ( excepts tensor veli palatini), and straited muscle in superior two thirds of esophagus.
178
Vagus (CN X): Visceral motor
parasympathetic innervation to smooth muscle of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, and cardic muscle
179
Vagus (CN X): Visceral sensory
from base of toungue, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, esophagus, stomach, and intestine
180
Vagus (CN X): Special sensory
taste from epiglottis and palate
181
Vagus (CN X): somatic sensory
sensation from auricle, external acoustic meatus, and dura mater of posterior cranial fossa
182
Spinal Accessory ( CN XI): Somatic motor
SCM and trapezius
183
Hypoglossal: ( CN XII): motor
intrinic and extrinsic muscles of the toungue
184
Coronal :Suture Adjoining Bones
frontal and parietal bones
185
Lambdoid: Suture Adjoining Bones
occipital bone to the parietal bones
186
Sagittal: Suture Adjoining Bones
two parietal bones along midline of skull
187
Squamous: Suture Adjoining Bones
temporal bones to the parietal bones
188
Intermaxillary: Suture Adjoining Bones
b/w two maxillary bones ( the upper jaw)
189
Interpallatine: Suture Adjoining Bones
b/w the two palatine bones
190
Median Palatine: Suture Adjoining Bones
b/w the two palatine processes of the maxillary
191
Bregma:Suture Adjoining Bones
the junction of the coronal suture and the saggital suture, located at the top of skull
192
Lambda: Suture Adjoining Bones
the junction is the lambdoid suture and the sagittal suture, located at the posterior ( back ) of skull
193
Asterion: Suture Adjoining Bones
the point b/w where 3 sutures meet, lamdboid, squamous, and parietomastoid
194
pterion: suture
not a suture but a point on the lateral side of the skull where 4 bones meet ( frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid)
195
External Carotid;arteries of the scalp
occipital, posterior auricular, superfical temporal
196
Internal Carotid: arteries of the scalp
supra-trochlear, supra-orbital
197
Anteriorly what structire attach the disc ( TMJ)
lateral pterygoid m
198
Posteriorly what structire attach the disc ( TMJ)
pisterior capsule ( superior and inferior lamina)
199
Lateral ligament (ligament of TMJ)
reinforces joint laterally and prevents posterior dislocation
200
Stylomandibular (ligament of TMJ)
taut with protrusion
201
Sphenomandibular (ligament of TMJ)
taut with protrusion
202
muscles responsible for depression of the mouth
Lateral pterygoid, suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscles
203
muscles responsible for protrusion
lateral pterygoid, masseter, and medial pterygoid
204
muscles responsible for retrusion of chin
temporalis ( posterior oblique and near horizontal fibers)
205
muscles responsible for lateral movement ( chewing)
temporalis and masseter same side & opposite pterygoids
206
TMJ dislocation medially would affect what structures ?
Chorda tympani N and middle meningeal A
207
TMJ dislocation lateral would affect what structures ?
temporal branch of CN VII
208
TMJ dislocation anteriorly would affect what structures ?
lateral pterygoid M
209
TMJ dislocation posteriorly would affect what structures ?
auriculotemporal n, facial n, parotid gland, and superficial temporal a+v, and external auditory meastus
