Exam 2 - MOAs

Question 1

Inhaled corticosteroids MOA

Answer 1

Mimics the function of cortisol which is produced by the adrenal cortex

Question 2

Inhaled corticosteroids action/MOA in asthma/COPD

Answer 2

Decreased cytokine production

Increased expression of B2 receptors (gene transcription)

Decreased Vascular permeability (endothelial cells start to separate when exposed to histamines/bradykinins)

Decreased mucous secretions

Decreased eicosanoid (PGs-prostaglandins, LTs-leukotrienes) production

Question 3

Inhaled corticosteroids metabolism

Answer 3

Most have high first pass metabolism, therefore a lower risk of drug induced Cushing’s

Question 4

Beta 2 Agonist (LABA, SABA) MOA

Answer 4

1. Stimulates alpha subunit (Gs)
2. Gs activates adenyl cyclase
3. Inc cAMP activates PKA
4. PKA inhibits MLCK (smooth muscle relaxation) which leads to bronchodilation

Other notes: Both mimic epi effects on broncho –
Relaxation or bronchiolar smooth muscle, decreased mast cell degranulation, decrease release of inflammatory cytokines

Question 5

SSRI MOA

Answer 5

Inhibition of 5HT reuptake transporter (SERT)

Question 6

SNRIs MOA

Answer 6

Blocks SERT and NET activity

Question 7

SSRI drug examples

Answer 7

Mnemonic:
Pretty Please Call Lexie Zebra

Paxil, Prozac, Celexa, Lexapro, and Zoloft

Question 8

SNRIs drug examples

Answer 8

Mnemonic: Cymbalta can Effect your Physique

Cymbalta, Effexor, Pristiq

Question 9

NDRI MOA

Answer 9

increases synaptic NE and DA activity & noncompetitive antagonist for nicotinic receptors

Question 10

NDRI Drug example

Answer 10

Wellbutrin

Question 11

Atypical CNS1 MOA

Answer 11

Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist that blocks presynaptic receptors to elevate NE and 5HT in synapses; also blocks postsynaptic 5HT2 receptors

Question 12

Example of Atypical CNS1

Answer 12

Mirtazapine

Question 13

TCA drug MOA

Answer 13

blocks NE and 5HT uptake into presynaptic nerve terminal

Question 14

TCA drug examples

Answer 14

Amitriptyline and nortriptyline

Question 15

First gen antipsychotics

Answer 15

block DA receptors

Haldol, Compazine/Antiemetics

Question 16

Second gen antipsychotics MOA

Answer 16

blocks 5HT2 receptors and moderate blockade of DA receptors

Note: Abilify is the only a partial agonist of DA

Question 17

Second gen antipsychotics drug examples

Answer 17

Zebras Rarely Go (to) San Antonio

Zyprexa, Risperidol, Geodon, Seroquel, Abilify

Question 18

Benzo MOA

Answer 18

positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of GABA at GABA-A receptors

Think: some benzos end in “-pam”

Question 19

Buspar MOA

Answer 19

partial agonist of 5HT1A

Question 20

Z compounds (esZOpiclone) MOA

Answer 20

allosteric modulator of benzo at GABA site (just a different subunit on benzo part)

Question 21

Flumazenil MOA

Answer 21

benzo receptor antagonist on GABA-A receptor to block GABA

Question 22

Phenytoin MOA

Answer 22

inhibits voltage-gated Na channels of excitatory neurons

Question 23

Carbamazepine/oxcarbazepine MOA

Answer 23

inhibits voltage-gated Na channels of excitatory neurons

Question 24

Gabapentinoids MOA

Answer 24

inhibit voltage gated Ca channels to decrease excitatory NT release

Question 25

Topiramate (Topamax) MOA

Answer 25

Multi MOAs - inhibits voltage-gated Na channels, inhibits glutamate AMPA receptors

Question 26

Valproate & divalproex MOA

Answer 26

inhibition of GABA-T breakdown and inhibition of voltage-gated Na channels

Question 27

Aricept MOA

Answer 27

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer’s disease

Question 28

Carbidopa/Levodopa MOA

Answer 28

Dopamine precursor

Question 29

Requip & Mirapex MOA

Answer 29

DA2 receptor agonists