Exam 2: Neurophysiology of Pain

Question 1

Types of pain

Answer 1

Nocioceptive
Neuropathic
Central Sensitization

Question 2

Central Sensitization

Answer 2

Nociplastic:
Pain that arises from altered nocioception despite no clear evidence of actual or threatened damage causing the activation of peripheral nocioceptors or evidence for disease or lesion of the somatosensory system causing the pain.

Question 3

Pain was strongly associated with ____

Answer 3

Religious beliefs that associated pain with punishment

Question 4

Cartesian Model of Pain

Answer 4

Rene Decartes
Nerves = hollow tubes
Cord -> bell, activated by tug
Tug = perception in brain

Question 5

Cartesian influences

Answer 5

Pain = Damage, input driven
All pain from injury.

Pain physical or psychological fueling stigma of psychological issue or pain.

Chronic pain = continued damage

Pain = nocioception
NS functions simplistically

Question 6

Mature Organism Model
(adapted from gifford)

Answer 6

Tissue contribution.
+ & - environment influence

Peripheral NS inputsand transmission up SC, including 2nd order that pass info to brain.

Output mechanisms that respond to threat analysis.

3 Mechanisms: input, processing, output

Question 7

1. Input Mechanisms

Answer 7

Various forms of info sent to SC and brain.
Info from tissues (nocioception), environment influences, and peripheral ns

Question 8

2. Processing Mechanisms

Answer 8

Structures and processes inside CNS, and brain processing the info from the inout mechanisms and forming a conclusion.

Including processing sensory, cognitive, emotional aspects.

Question 9

3. Output Mechanisms

Answer 9

Brains interpretation of info.

Includes various biological systems and strongly driven by instincts to survive in relation to the pain experience.