Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Applied Anatomy > Exam 2-Part 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2-Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

List the bones of the arm.

A

humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the bones of the forearm.

A

radius and ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The radius is located on the same side as the ____ of your hand while the ulna is located on the same side as your ____ ____ of your hand.

A

thumb, little finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ulna is _____ than the radius.

A

longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The radius projects further _____ than the ulna.

A

distally/inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The radial tuberosity is an attachment point for the….

A

biceps tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The ulnar notch is located on the ____ on the medial aspect of its distal end.

A

radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The styloid process of the radius is located of the ____ aspect of its distal end.

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The dorsal tubercle of the radius is located on on its posterior aspect on its ____ end.

A

distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

During flexion, the coronoid process moves into the… of the humerus.

A

coronoid fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The trochlear notch is located on the ____ side of the ulna.

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The radial notch of the ulna is located of the lateral side of the….. and articulates with what?

A

coronoid process, head of the radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The ulnar tuberosity is on the distal end of the coronoid process and acts as the attachment point for what muscle?

A

brachialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The supinator crest and supinator fossa are anatomical landmarks on what bone?

A

ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The radius and ulna are _____ in anatomical position.

A

parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What joins the radius and ulna?

A

interosseous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The interosseous membrane is an example of a _____ which is a type of ____ joint.

A

syndesmosis, fibrous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The fibers of the interosseous membrane are oriented ______.

A

inferomedially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The interosseous membrane provides strength and stability and allows forces to be transferred from the ____ to the ____.

A

radius to ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The ulna is firmly attached to the _____ while the radius is in closer contact with the _____ bone(s).

A

humerus; carpal (wrist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A transverse fracture of the distal end of the radius (often comminuted broken into pieces) is known as a _____ fracture

A

Colles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A Colles fracture often happens due to….. and is common in osteoporotic women.

A

falling with an outstretched arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The arm is enclosed in ____ fascia which is continues with the pectoral and axillary fascia and also deep fascia of the forearm.

A

brachial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The medial and lateral intermuscular septa attach to…… and divide the arm into ____ and _____ compartments.

A

the medial and lateral supracondylar ridges of the humerus;

anterior (flexor) and posterior (extensor) compartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What muscles are contained in the anterior fascial compartment of the arm and what nerve innervates these muscles?

A

biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachilis;

musculocutaneous nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What muscle is the “uncorking” muscle?

A

biceps brachii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The biceps brachii has ____ head(s)

A

two, long and short

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The tendon of the long head of the biceps is within the the capsule of the shoulder joint in the ____ _____ covered by the ____ _____ ligament.

A

intertubercular groove, transverse humeral ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

True or False: The bicipital aponeurosis is a broad flat tendon.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the functions of the biceps?

A

supinate and flex the forearm, assist in shoulder flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The brachialis is located ____ to the biceps.

A

deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which muscle is the prime mover for flexion of the forearm (at elbow)?

A

brachialis, in all positions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What nerve pieces the coracobrachialis?

A

musculocutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What muscles are located in the posterior fascial compartment of the arm and what nerve innervates these muscles?

A

triceps brachiii and anconeus;

radial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The triceps has ___ head(s).

A

three (long, lateral, and medial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The antagonist of the triceps brachii would be the ____ muscle.

A

brachialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The olecranon bursa is located between….

A

triceps tendon and olecranon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The triceps is the main ____ of the arm.

A

extensor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The anconeus is located of the ____ part of the posterior elbow.

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

True or False. The anconeus usual blend with the triceps and therefore is often considered part of its medial head.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What are the “three musketeers” muscles?

A

biceps brachii, brachialis, and coracobrachialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The main artery of the arm is the ____ artery.

A

brachial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

The brachial artery is a continuation of the ____ artery and at what point does it change and become the brachial artery.

A

axillary; begins at inferior border of the teres major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What protects the brachial artery?

A

The bicipital aponeurosis in the bicipital fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

The brachial artery further divides into ____ and ____ arteries, which are usually located opposite the neck of the radius and are also covered by the bicipital aponeurosis.

A

radial and ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Name three branched of the brachial artery.

A

Profunda brachii artery (deep brachial)
Superior ulnar collateral artery
Inferior ulnar collateral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is the largest branch of the brachial artery?

A

Profunda brachii artery (deep brachial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

The deep brachial artery (profunda brachii) accompanies. the…

A

radial nerve in the radial groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

The superior ulnar collateral artery arises….and the inferior ulnar collateral artery arises…

A

S-arises near the middle of the arm

I- arises just proximal to the elbow crease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

The….artery accompanies the ulnar nerve posterior to the medial epicondyle

A

superior ulnar collateral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

The superior ulnar collateral artery anastomoses with the….. and…..

A

posterior ulnar recurrent (branch of the ulnar artery) and the inferior ulnar collateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

The inferior ulnar collateral artery passes _____ to the medial epicondyle

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

The inferior ulnar collateral artery is important for ____ _____

A

collateral circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

There is/are ____ deep brachial vein(s) that travel(s) with the brachial artery (venae comitantes)

A

two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

The deep veins of the arm begin at the elbow by union of the ___ ___ of the radial and ulnar arteries and merge with the _____ vein to form the axillary vein

A

venae comitantes; basilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

The superficial veins of the arm include….(3 veins)

A

cephalic vein, basilic vein, and median cubital vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

The cephalic vein is located along the anterolateral surface of the ___ and empties into the ____ vein.

A

biceps, axillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

The basilic vein is located of the ____ side of the inferior part of the arm and becomes the ____ vein

A

medial, axillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

The median cubital vein is located on in the ___ ____ anterior to the bicipital apopneurosis.

A

cubital fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

The median cubital vein acts as communication between what two veins?

A

basilic and cephalic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Which superficial vein of the arm is often used to draw blood?

A

median cubital vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Cutaneous nerves of the arm include…(6 nerves)

A

supraclavicular nerves (C3, C4)
intercostobrachial nerve (T2-second intercostal nerve)
medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
upper lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm
inferior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm
posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Which cutaneous nerve of the arm is often associated with pain in the arm before an individual would experience a heart attack?

A

intercostobrachial nerve (T2-second intercostal nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

The median nerve has ___ branch(es) in the axilla and arm.

A

none, zero, nada

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

The median nerves runs with the _____ artery

A

brachial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What does the median nerve supply?

A

supplies all but 1 and 1/2 flexor muscles in the forearm (exception: flexor carpi ulnaris and 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

The ulnar nerve arrises from the ____ cord and has ____ branch(es) in the arm.

A

medial;

none, zilch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What corresponds to someone’s crazy/funny bone?

A

The ulnar nerve traveling along the medial epicondyle of the humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

True or False: The ulnar nerves travels along the lateral side of the brachial artery.

A

False, it travels along the medial side of the brachial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

At the middle of the arm the ulnar nerve pierces the medial intermuscular septum and descends between it and….

A

the medial head of the triceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

The musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord and begins opposite what muscle?

A

pec major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

The musculocutaneous nerve becomes the…. and supplies the skin of the forearm.

A

The lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

The radial nerve is a direct continuation of the….

A

posterior cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

The radial nerve passes the __ ___ artery around the humerus in the radial groove.

A

deep brachial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

The radial nerve divides into deep and superficial branches at the ____ ____.

A

lateral epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

The ____ _____ is a triangular, hollow area on the anterior surface of the elbow.

A

cubital fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

A

superior- imaginary line between lateral and medial epicondyles
medial-pronator teres
lateral- brachiradialis
floor- brachialis and supinator
roof-deep fascia-covered by superficial fascia and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

A

T- biceps tendon
A- brachial artery
N- median nerve
brachial veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What are the muscles in the cubital fossa?

A

supinator, brachioradialis, and pronator teres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

The sternoclavicular joint is the only bony articulation between what?

A

the upper extremity and axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

True or False: The sternoclavicular joint is a very weak articulation and is often dislocated.

A

False. It is a very strong articulation and rarely dislocated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

The sternoclavicular joint is considered a ____ type of ____ joint and moves with movement of the scapula/clavicle.

A

saddle, synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

The medial end of the clavicle articulates in a shallow socket formed by the ____ and…

A

manubrium, first costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

The articular disc prevents ____ displacement and divides the joint into 2 synovial cavities.

A

medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

The upper portion of the articular disc is attached to the ____ and the lower portion is attached to the ____ and ____

A

clavicle;

sternum and 1st rib-costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

The articular capsule of the sternoclavicular joint has 4 ligaments. name them.

A 
anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments (intrinsic)
interclavicular ligament (extrinsic)
costoclavicular (extrinsic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

What is the blood supply for the sternoclavicular joint?

A

branches of the internal thoracic artery and suprascapular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

The innervation of the sternoclavicular joint is….

A

the branches of the medial supraclavicular nerve and nerve to the subclavius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

The acromioclavicular joint is a ___ type of ____ joint.

A

plane, synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

As the scapula is moved anteriorly and posteriorly, the acromion rotates on the clavicle and moves ____ and ____

A

anteriorly and posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the medial end of the ____

A

acromion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Describe the articular disc of the acromioclavicular joint.

A

variable in size, sometimes described as meniscoid shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Give an example of a pivot joint.

A

Atlantoaxial joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

What is Hiltons Law?

A

The principle that the nerve supplying a joint also supplies both the muscles that move the joint and the skin covering the articular insertion of those muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

The articular capsule of the acromioclavicular joint has ____ and ____ ____ ligaments and the _____ligament

A

superior and inferior acromioclavicular;

coracoclavicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

The coracoclavicular is made up of the _____ ligament and _____ ligament

A

trapezoid and conoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

The coracoclavicular ligament is an ______ ligament that is strong and important for stability.

A

extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

The blood supply to the AC joint is….

A

branched of the suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

The innervation of the AC joint is the….

A

supraclavicular, lateral pectoral and axillary nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

The shoulder joint is also called the _____ joint

A

glenohumeral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

The shoulder joint is a ____ type joint that permits flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and rotation and circumduction.

A

ball and socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

The stability of the shoulder is primarily due to…

A

muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

The ___ ____ is the superior portion of the shoulder joint that blends with the tendon of the long head of the biceps

A

glenoid labrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

The _____ portion of the articular capsule of the shoulder joint is the weakest.

A

inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

The capsule of the shoulder joint ____ with abduction

A

tightens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

There are 2 openings of the articular capsule of the shoulder joint. What are the openings for?

A

tendon of the long head of the biceps and communication with the subscapular bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

The intrinsic ligaments of the shoulder joint are_____ of the fibrous capsule but do not provide much support.

A

thickenings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

The glenohumeral ligaments include superior, middle, and inferior parts and are thickenings of the _____ capsule running from the supraglenoid tubercle to the lesser tubercle and anatomical neck of the humerus.

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

The ____ ____ is an extra amount of fibrous capsule

A

axillary pouch

110
Q

The most common dislocation of the glenohumeral joint occurs in what direction?

A

anteriorly

111
Q

The transverse humeral ligament passes from the ___ to the ____ ____

A

greater to lesser tubercles

112
Q

The…..forms a canal for the synovial sheath and tendon of the long head of the biceps

A

transverse humeral ligament

113
Q

The coracohumeral ligament strengthens the superior capsule and passes from the…to the….

A

coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus

114
Q

The extrinsic ligaments of the shoulder joint include…

A

the coracoacromial arch and coracoacromial ligament

115
Q

The coracoacromial arch is formed by…

A

the coracoid process, coracoacromial ligament and acromion

116
Q

The coracoacromial arch prevents ____ displacement of the humerus

A

superior

117
Q

Stability of the shoulder joint is maintained by what in each of the following directions: superior, posterior and anterior

A

superior- supraspinatus and coracoacromial arch
posterior- infraspinatus and teres minor
anterior- subscapularis

118
Q

What is a bursa?

A

a fluid filled sac of synovial fluid

119
Q

Name some examples of bursa in and around the shoulder joint.

A

subscapular bursa, subacromial/subdeltoid bursa

120
Q

Blood supply of the shoulder joint is….

A

branches of the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries and the suprascapular artery

121
Q

The innervation of the shoulder joint is…

A

branches of the suprascapular, axillary, and lateral pectoral nerves

122
Q

How many carpal bones are there?

A

eight

123
Q

How many rows of carpal bones are there?

A

two, arranged into a proximal and distal row

124
Q

Name the proximal row of carpal bones from lateral to medial.

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

125
Q

Name the distal row of carpal bones from lateral to medial.

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

126
Q

What is another name for the scaphoid?

A

navicular

127
Q

The pisiform is an example of a ____ bone.

A

sesamoid, found within the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

128
Q

The hook of hamate projects in what direction?

A

anteriorly

129
Q

Which is the largest carpal bone?

A

scaphoid

130
Q

The ___ ____ is converted into the carpal tunnel by the flexor reticnaculum.

A

carpal groove

131
Q

The flexor retinaculum is attached to which carpal bones laterally (2) and which carpal bones medially(2)?

A

laterally: scaphoid and trapezium
medially: pisiform and hook of hamate

132
Q

There are ____ metacarpal bones.

A

five

133
Q

The heads of the metacarpals are at the distal end and articulate with….

A

phalanges

134
Q

On the dorsal side of the heads of the metacarpals, there is a tubercle on each side for the attachment of….

A

collateral ligaments and joint capsules

135
Q

Name the three joints of the metacarpal bones.

A

carpometacarpal (CMC), metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and intermetacarpal joints

136
Q

The thumb has ____ phalanges while each finger has ____

A

2,3

137
Q

True or False. There are proximal, middle, and distal phalanges on each of the four fingers.

A

True

138
Q

The base of the phalanges is the ____ end, the shaft is the middle, and the head is the ____ end

A

proximal, distal

139
Q

PIP stands for…, and DIP stands for…

A

proximal interphalangeal joint, distal interphalangeal joint

140
Q

What is the common flexor attachment of the forearm?

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

141
Q

The anterior forearm muscles have ____ layers.

A

3

142
Q

The anterior forearm muscles are the ___-____ group.

A

flexor-pronator

143
Q

All flexor tendons are located on the _____ surface of the wrist.

A

anterior

144
Q

Name the muscles of the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm.

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longes, flexor carpi ulnaris

145
Q

The _____ artery is just lateral to the long tendon of the flexor carpi radialis.

A

radial

146
Q

The flexor carpi radialis is ____ to the pronator teres.

A

medial

147
Q

The tendon of the palmaris longus is (superficial or deep?) to the flexor retinaculum.

A

superficial

148
Q

The median nerve passes ____ to the tendon of the palmaris longus

A

lateral

149
Q

The ___ ____ is often an absent muscle.

A

palmaris longus (about 14%)

150
Q

What muscle of the superficial flexors is the most medial?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

151
Q

The _____ nerve passes between the two proximal heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris in the forearm.

A

ulnar

152
Q

Both the ulnar nerve and artery are ____ to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris at the wrist.

A

lateral

153
Q

Name the muscle(s) of the intermediate layer of the anterior forearm.

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

154
Q

The ulnar and median nerves and ulnar artery pass ____ between the two heads of the flexor digitorum superficialis.

A

deeply

155
Q

The ____ tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis pass deep to the flexor retinaculum.

A

four

156
Q

The tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis split in order to do what?

A

transmit the tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

157
Q

The ____ nerve is located on the deep surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis.

A

median

158
Q

The deep layer of the anterior forearm muscles is not attached to the humerus. Where do they attach?

A

radius or ulna

159
Q

Name the deep layer muscles of the anterior forearm.

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

160
Q

Which muscle is the only muscle capable of flexing the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP)?

A

flexor digitorum profundus

161
Q

The flexor digitorum profundus travels in a fibrous sheath with tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and has ___ parts with ____ tendons.

A

4,4

162
Q

The….muscle covers the anterior aspect of the ulna while the….muscle covers the anterior aspect of the radius.

A

flexor digitorum profundus,

flexor pollicis longus

163
Q

What is the deepest muscle of the anterior forearm?

A

pronator quadratus

164
Q

What muscle is the prime mover in pronation?

A

pronator quadratus

165
Q

The muscles of the anterior forearm can be organized into three functional groups. Name the three functional groups.

A
  1. pronators
  2. flex the hand
  3. flex the digits
166
Q

Name the muscles in the anterior forearm responsible for pronation.

A

pronator teres and pronator quadratus

167
Q

Name the muscles in the anterior forearm responsible for flexion of the hand.

A

flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus

168
Q

Name the muscles in the anterior forearm responsible for flexion of the digits.

A

flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus

169
Q

Name the cutaneous nerves of the anterior forearm.

A

medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm

170
Q

The lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm is the termination of the ____ nerve.

A

musculocutaneous

171
Q

Which nerve is the principal nerve of the anterior fascial compartment?

A

median nerve

172
Q

The median nerve enters the forearm with the ____ artery

A

brachial

173
Q

The median nerve enters the hand through the carpal tunnel between the tendon of the…. and the tendon of the…

A

flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi radialis

174
Q

The median nerve has branches in the forearm. In particular the ___ ____ branch travels with a branch of the ulnar artery with the same name to innervate the deep muscles.

A

anteriro interosseous

175
Q

The ulnar nerve enters the forearm by passing between the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris through a space called the….

A

canal of Guyon

176
Q

The ulnar nerve becomes superficial in the ___ end of the forearm.

A

distal

177
Q

The ulnar nerve has _____ and ______ branches in the forearm.

A

muscular and articular

178
Q

The radial nerves divides into superficial and deep branches in the cubital fossa between what two muscles?

A

brachialis and bracioradialis

179
Q

The superficial branch of the radial nerve is ____ while the deep branch is _____.

A

cutaneous, motor

180
Q

The superficial branch of the radial nerve becomes cutaneous at the ____ ____ aspect of the forearm.

A

distal lateral

181
Q

The deep branch of the radial nerve pierces the ____ muscle and is then found in the extensor forearm.

A

supinator

182
Q

The brachial artery ends opposite the…..by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries

A

neck of the radius

183
Q

Which of the two branches of the brachial artery is larger?

A

ulnar

184
Q

The ____ ____ artery participates in arterial anastomosis around the elbow

A

radial recurrent

185
Q

The radial nerve supplies muscles on the _____ forearm.

A

lateral

186
Q

How does the radial artery leave the forearm?

A

by winding around the lateral aspect of the radius–crosses the floor of the anatomical snuffbox

187
Q

The radial artery passes between the two heads of the adductor pollicis and ends by completing the…. in conjunction with the ulnar artery.

A

deep palmar arterial arch

188
Q

Accompanied by the median nerve, the ____ artery passes between the ulnar and radial heads of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

ulnar

189
Q

The ulnar artery passes ____ to the flexor retinaculum.

A

superficial

190
Q

The ulnar artery supplies muscles…

A

in the forearm and hand-primarily the pronator/flexor group

191
Q

The ulnar artery continues across the palm as the….

A

superficial palmar arterial arch

192
Q

Name the branches of the ulnar artery.

A

Anterior ulnar recurrent, posterior ulnar recurrent, and common interosseous artery

193
Q

The common interosseous artery has both ____ and ____ parts.

A

anterior and posterior

194
Q

The elbow joint is a ____ joint.

A

hinge

195
Q

At the elbow joint the trochlea and capitulum of the humerus articulate with the….and….respectively.

A

trochlear notch of the ulna and head of the radius

196
Q

The capsule of the elbow joint is (weaker or stronger?) anteriorly and posteriorly.

A

weaker

197
Q

The capsule of the elbow joint is strengthened by _____ ligaments.

A

collateral

198
Q

At the elbow joint the radial (lateral) collateral ligament resists ____ force and the ulnar (medial) collateral ligament resists ____ stress.

A

varus;

valgus

199
Q

The radial collateral ligament is attached from ___ ___ to ____ ____

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament

200
Q

The ulnar collateral ligament has ____ parts.

A

3, anterior, transverse, and posterior

201
Q

For the ulnar collateral ligament, the anterior part is attached from ____ ____ to ____ ____.
the posterior part is attached from ______ _____ to ____ ___
The transverse part is not as distinct as the anterior part.

A

anterior: medial epicondyle to coronoid process
posterior: medial epicondyle to coronoid process

202
Q

Which ligament encircles the head of the radius?

A

annular ligament

203
Q

For blood suuply of the elbow joint, there is _____ around the elbow.

A

anastomosis

204
Q

The innervation of the elbow joint is…….

A

musculocutaneous, ulnar, and radial nerves

205
Q

Name the bursae of the elbow joint.

A

Olecranon bursua (intratendinous, subtendinous, subcutaneous)

206
Q

What is the carrying angle?

A

decribes the 15 degrees of valgus angulation between the longitudinal axis of the humerus and the longitudinal axis of the ulna.

207
Q

True to False: The carrying angle is typically larger in men.

A

False, typically larger in women,

208
Q

The radioulnar joints are ____ types of synovial joints that allow for what two actions?

A

pivot, supination and pronation

209
Q

For the proximal radioulnar joint, the head of the radius is held in position by the strong ____ ligament, a -shaped ligament attached to the anterior and posterior margins of the radial notch.

A

annular

210
Q

The _____ ligament extends between the radial notch of the ulna and the medial surface of the neck of the radius

A

Quadrate

211
Q

The quadrate ligament covers the synovial membrane, which probably helps ___ it.

A

support

212
Q

The ____ ____ is a extra loose sac of synovial membrane around the neck of the radius. What is its purpose?

A

sacciform recess; accommodates the twisting that occurs with rotation of the head of the radius

213
Q

The proximal radioulnar joint is innervated by what nerves?

A

mainly musculocutaneous, median, and radial nerves

214
Q

What is nursemaid’s elbow?

A

The dislocation of the radial head, strong pull is applied to the forearm, causes the distal attachment of the annular ligament to be torn and the radial head dislocates

215
Q

What is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

The radial head articulates with the radial notch of the ulna

216
Q

What is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

the rounded side of the head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch in the distal end of the radius

217
Q

The distal radioulnar joint gets its blood supply from…

A

the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries

218
Q

The distal radioulnar joint is innervated by…

A

branches of the median (anterior interosseous nerve) and radial (posterior interosseous nerve) nerves

219
Q

During supination and pronation, the ___ ___ rotates within the ring formed by the annular ligament and the radial notch of the ulna. Distally, the end of the radius rotates around the…

A

radial head, head of the ulna

220
Q

The wrist or radiocarpal joint is a ____ type of joint

A

condyloid

221
Q

The distal end if the radius and the articular disc if the distal radioulnar joint articulate with the _____ row of carpal bones, with the exception of the pisiform bone.

A

proximal

222
Q

Name the ligaments of the wrist joint.

A
  1. palmar radiocarpal ligaments
  2. palmar ulnocarpal ligaments
  3. dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
  4. ulnar collateral ligament
  5. radial collateral ligament
223
Q

The blood supply of the wrist joint is…

A

branches of the dorsal and palmar carpal arches

224
Q

Innervation of the wrist joint is…

A

median, radial, and ulnar nerves

225
Q

Intercarpal joints are ____ synovial joints.

A

plane

226
Q

____ or ____ plates are connected by the deep transverse metacarpal ligament

A

volar or palmar

227
Q

The thick skin of the palm has numerous ___ ___.

A

sweat glands

228
Q

The deep fascia of the palm is continuous with the _____ fascia and fascia on the _____ of the hand.

A

forearm, dorsum

229
Q

The ___ ____ is a strong, thick, well define triangular portion of the deep fascia of the palm that continues proximally with the flexor retinaculum and palmaris longus muscle

A

palmar aponeurosis

230
Q

The hypothenar compartment is on the ____ side and the thenar compartment is on the ____ side

A

medial, lateral

231
Q

What is contained in the central fascial compartment of the palm?

A

flexor tendons and their sheaths, superficial palmar arch, and branches of the median and ulnar nerves

232
Q

What is the deepest muscular plane in the palm and what muscles does it contain?

A

adductor compartment, adductor pollicis muscle

233
Q

Why are the potential spaces of the palm important clinically?

A

Because they may become infected

234
Q

The thenar muscles are supplied by…

A

the recurrent branch of the median nerve

235
Q

Name the thenar muscles

A

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

236
Q

What is the most important movement of the thumb?

A

opposition

237
Q

What is the chief responsibility for the thenar muscles?

A

opposition of the thumb

238
Q

The adductor pollicis has 2 heads. Name them.

A

Transverse and oblique

239
Q

What artery passes through the gap between the two heads of the adductor pollicis?

A

radial

240
Q

Name the hypothenar muscles.

A

abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi

241
Q

The hypothenar muscles are innervated by…

A

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

242
Q

The short muscles of the hand include…

A

4 lumbricals, 4 dorsal interossei, and 3 palmar interossei

243
Q

The palmar interossei are responsible for _____ of the fingers while the dorsal interossei are responsible for ____ of the fingers.

A

adduction (PAD), abduction (DAB)

244
Q

Lumbricals 1 & 2 (more lateral) are _______ muscles while lumbricals 3 & 4 (more medial) are ______ muscles.

A

unipennate, bipennate

245
Q

Lumbricals 1 & 2 are supplied by the ___ nerve while Lumbricals 3 & 4 are supplied by the ____ nerve

A

median, ulnar

246
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the hand on the palmar side include

A

tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus, flexor pollicis longus

247
Q

Bowstringing is prevented by 2 tendons in each fibrous digital sheath are by the annular and cruciform parts. These are called _____ _____ tunnels

A

Osseofibrous digital tunnels

248
Q

Tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus enter a common synovial sheath ____ to the flexor retinaculum.

A

deep

249
Q

The tendon of the flexor digitorum superificialis _____ in order to let the tendon of the profundus pass through.

A

splits in the fingers

250
Q

The flexor pollicis longus travels in its own synovial sheath and enters the osseofibrous tunnel in the thumb–at the metacarpal head, the tendon runs between what?

A

2 sesamoid bones

251
Q

The median nerves enters the palm of the hand through the….

A

carpal tunnel

252
Q

Name the branches of the median nerve in the hand.

A

palmar cutaneous branch, recurrent branch of the median nerve (Lizanne’s fav), muscular branches to 1st and 2nd lumbricals, common palmar digital nerves –> proper palmar digital nerves

253
Q

True or False: The ulnar nerve has articular branches to wrist joints, intercarpal, carpometacarpal, and intermetacarpal joints.

A

True

254
Q

What branch of the ulnar nerve supplies skin on the medial palm?

A

palmar cutaneous branch

255
Q

True or False: The ulnar nerve has a deep and superficial branch, palmar cutaneous branch and dorsal cutaneous branch.

A

True

256
Q

The radial artery leaves the forearm by winding around the lateral aspect of the radius- crossing the floor of the _____ _____

A

anatomical snuffbox

257
Q

The radial artery ends by completing the…… in conjunction with the ulnar artery

A

deep palmar arterial arch

258
Q

The ulnar artery continues across the palm as the….

A

superficial palmar arterial arch

259
Q

Branches of the ulnar artery in the hand include…

A

common plantar digital arteries, which split into proper palmar digital arteries

260
Q

What is the common extension attachment of the forearm?

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

261
Q

What is the purpose of the extensor retinaculum?

A

to prevent bowstringing; not as thick or heavy as flexor retinaculum

262
Q

What muscles is sometimes known as the separation between the flexor and extensor forearm?

A

brachoradialis

263
Q

What muscles are contained in the anatomical snuffbox?

A

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus

264
Q

The muscles in the anatomical snuffbox are often referred to as…

A

outcropping muscles

265
Q

The ____ and _____ bones lie in the floor of the anatomical snuffbox, while the ___ artery crosses it.

A

schaphoid and trapezium; radial

266
Q

The tendons of the extensor digitorum broaden to form…

A

the dorsal extensor expansion/hood

267
Q

For the extension expansion, on the proximal phalanx, the tendon divides into 3 slips. The middle slip inserts…. and the other two slips join on the dorsal surface of the middle phalanx and insert….

A

on the base of the middle phalanx;

on the base of the distal phalanx

268
Q

The two slips that join together are joined at there insertion by the tendons of what other two muscles?

A

lumbricals and interossei

269
Q

True or False: The radial nerve has innervations to muscles in the hand.

A

False, it does not

270
Q

The posterior interosseous artery arises from the… , helps supply the posterior forearm and dorsum of hand, and terminates by anastomosing with the termination of the anterior interosseous artery and the dorsal carpal arch.

A

common interosseus artery of the ulnar artery

271
Q

What is the Arcade of Frohse?

A

The area where the deep radial nerve hits the supinator–> it is a common site for entrapment

Applied Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions