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CFT II > Exam 2 - Pediatric Dentistry > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Pediatric Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

when do adult molars erupt in young dogs? why do you need to know this?

A

7-8 months

useful for helping to age a dog

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2
Q

what is the dental formula for puppies?

A

I 3/3 C 1/1 PM 3/3 = 28

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3
Q

what is the dental formula for kittens?

A

I 3/3 C 1/1 PM 3/2 = 26

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4
Q

how many teeth total do puppies have?

A

28 deciduous teeth

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5
Q

when looking at the maxilla, what is the difference between maxillary deciduous teeth & adult teeth?

A

adult teeth have 4 premolars while deciduous teeth only have 3 premolars

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6
Q

what is midline match?

A

view the incisors from the front with the jaw closed & lift the lips - upper midpoint of incisors should match the lower midpoint of incisors

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7
Q

what is incisor overlap?

A

scissor bite - upper incisors should overlap the lower incisors with the lower incisor cusp resting in the cingulum of the inner surface of the upper

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8
Q

what is the canine interlock?

A

lower canine teeth should fit equidistant in the occlusal space between the upper corner (lateral) incisor & upper canine tooth

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9
Q

what is premolar interdigitation?

A

upper premolar teeth cusps should point at the spaces between the lower premolar teeth starting with the upper first premolar pointing to the interdigital space between the lower first & second premolars (pinking shears)

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10
Q

what is the carnassial overlap?

A

upper fourth premolar should overlap the lower first molar & the developmental grooves of each tooth should align so that there is a diamond formed

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11
Q

what is prognathism?

A

lower jaw is longer than the maxilla (underbite)

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12
Q

what is level bite?

A

mild type of prognathism that refers to the incisors meeting cusp to cusp tip rather than the uppers overlapping the lowers as in scissor bite - this will cause abnormal incisor cusp contact & attrition

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13
Q

what is brachygnathism?

A

lower jaw is shorter than the maxilla - parrot mouth

may traumatize the soft tissues of the palate

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14
Q

what is base narrow?

A

mandible is too narrow and/or the lower canine teeth lack the proper amount of leaning to the outside to fit into the normal space between the upper canine & lateral incisor

can cause oronasal fistulas

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15
Q

what is cross bite?

A

normal tooth crown overlap is reversed - one or more of the lower incisors occlude in front of the upper incisors

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16
Q

what is lance tooth? what breeds are most commonly affected?

A

the angle of the canine tooth is straight up - wrong angle

dogs - shelties
cats - persians

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17
Q

what is the adult dentition formula for dogs?

A

I 3/3 C 1/1 PM 4/4 M 2/3 = 42

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18
Q

what is the adult dentition formula for cats?

A

I 3/3 C 1/1 PM 3/2 M 1/1 = 30

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19
Q

this mouth represents what 3 occlusions?

A

midline match

scissor bite

canine interlock

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20
Q

what occlusion is being demonstrated in this photo? which is normal & which is abnormal?

A

premolar interdigitation - upper premolar pointing between the interdental space between the 1st and 2nd lower premolars

normal - top photo
abnormal - bottom photo

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21
Q

what occlusion is being demonstrated in this photo? which is normal & which is abnormal?

A

carnassial overlap

normal - top, diamond shape
abnormal - bottom, missing the diamond shape

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22
Q

what malocclusions are shown here?

A

left - brachygnathism

right - prognathism

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23
Q

if you are unsure if a patient has its adult teeth or not, what can you do?

A

take a radiograph

adult tooth will be under the deciduous

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24
Q

T/F: the shape of deciduous premolar 4 looks like the adult first molar & deciduous premolar 3 looks like adult premolar 4

A

true

25
Q

what is the main concern with parrot mouth?

A

trauma caused to the upper hard palate - oronasal fistulas

26
Q

what malocclusion is shown here?

A

lance tooth

27
Q

why should you remove retained deciduous teeth earlier rather than later?

A

need to get them out probably around the time of spay/neuter - they are overcrowded, will rotate, and if left, result in periodontal disease

get them out to make sure the adult teeth have the room to erupt & move into the correct anatomic location

28
Q

what is the difference between primary & secondary cleft palates?

A

primary - affects the front of the mouth
secondary - affects the hard palate

29
Q

what type of cleft palate is shown in the photo?

A

primary cleft palate - also has a cleft lip

30
Q

what type of cleft palate is shown here?

A

secondary cleft palate - affecting the hard palate

31
Q

why are secondary cleft palates so frustrating to try & correct?

A

you can’t fix it until they are fully grown because the hard palate will further separate - may take multiple surgeries to correct the cleft palate & the animal will likely have many problems (aspiration pneumonia, respiratory disease)

32
Q

what causes enamel hypoplasia?

A

genetic or developmental enamel malformation that is often caused by a high febrile condition (distemper/parvo) during the enamel matrix development prior to eruption

33
Q

does enamel hypoplasia affect root development of the affected teeth?

A

yup!

34
Q

what breeds can inherit enamel hypoplasia?

A

standard poodles, italian greyhounds, & samoyed

35
Q

what does enamel hypoplasia look like?

A

crowns of the teeth are pitted, rough, & are chalky/discolored brown while the roots can be almost non-existent

36
Q

what is wrong with these teeth? will they erupt normally?

A

enamel hypoplasia - no they will not, & will fall out at some point

37
Q

what is a dilacerated crown?

A

enfolding of enamel secondary to endodontic disease, convergence of roots, large pulp canals, periapical lysis, & usually occurs bilaterally

38
Q

when should you start checking small breeds for dilacerated crowns? where should you look first?

A

when they come in for their rabies booster

look at lower first molar

39
Q

what is a common presentation seen with dilacerated crowns?

A

draining tract seen below the chin

40
Q

what pathology is seen in this radiograph?

A

dilacerated crown

41
Q

what about the tooth’s appearance concerns you for a dilacerated crown?

A

those grooves should not be present - tooth should be smooth!!!

42
Q

what should normal eruption look like for incisors & canine teeth?

A

for incisors - they should always erupt behind the deciduous teeth

upper canines - erupts in front of the deciduous canine

lower canines - erupts lingual to the deciduous canine

43
Q

what dogs are commonly affected by retained deciduous teeth?

A

very common in small breed dogs - yorkies, chihuahuas, etc

44
Q

what should you be very careful with when removing retained deciduous teeth?

A

be careful with the elevator!!!! you don’t want to damage the enamel of the developing adult tooth

avoid putting the elevator below the tooth

45
Q

what breeds commonly have supernumerary teeth? what teeth?

A

boxers & bassett hounds!

boxers - extra 1st premolars
bassetts - extra incisors

46
Q

what should you do if there are supernumerary teeth or missing teeth?

A

rdaiographs!!!

47
Q

what tooth is commonly supernumerary in cats?

A

08s

48
Q

what is partial anodontia?

A

missing teeth - think dogs that have little hair also have little teeth

49
Q

what are the 3 explanations for missing teeth?

A
  1. tooth never developed
  2. tooth hasn’t erupted
  3. tooth is broken & there is a retained root
50
Q

something about seeing 2 cowboy hats??

A

maybe retained deciduous teeth? who knows tbh

51
Q

what are dentigerous cysts?

A

dilations of the follicular space around the crown of a tooth that is un-erupted or impacted!!! a distinct area around the crown of an embedded tooth is a diagnostic sign for this

52
Q

what is a gingival cyst?

A

non-painful swellings along the alveolar ridge that arise from the dental lamina, enamel origin, or epithelium that is associated with the periodontal ligament

53
Q

why should you get an impacted tooth out sooner rather than later?

A

the sooner you get it out, the less bone destruction that can occur

54
Q

what do dentigerous cysts look like on radiographs?

A

fluid filled structure

55
Q

what tooth is impacted? what pathology is seen on this radiograph?

A

premolar 1 is impacted

dentigerous cyst

56
Q

what is the pathology shown in this photo? what is the sequela?

A

gingival cyst - all of these teeth are dead

they were removed & the space was filled with consil

57
Q

what are the two types of odontomas?

A

complex - no tooth-like structures

compound - contains small tooth-like structures called denticles

58
Q

what are odontomas?

A

mixed odontogenic tumor containing both epithelial & mesenchymal cells that usually occurs in young animals - get them cleaned up & they should heal well

59
Q

what pathology is shown in the photo?

A

odontoma

CFT II (28 decks)

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