Exam 2 Prep Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
What is the family and medical leave act (FMLA)
A
- employee can take care of someone the protects them from getting fired
- or if they are sick or has a child
2
Q
signs of caregiver stress
A
- abusing alcohol or drugs
- worrying constantly
- weight changes
- sleep issues
- losing interest in activities
- easily irritated or angry
3
Q
barriers to nutrition goals
A
- food desert
- cost
- cultural influences
- ability to eat
- mobility status
- health literacy
4
Q
what are health disparities that prevents routine care visits
A
- ethnicity
- disability
- socioeconomic status
- geographic location
- health literacy & language barriers
5
Q
what are community risk factors for child maltreatment
A
- poverty, unemployment
- violence & crime
- less community cxns, reacreational activities
- exposure to hazards
- neighorhood safety
6
Q
risk factors for decreased access to healthcare
A
- low-income, densely populated, or rural areas
- lack of facilities near
- transportation issues
- over-reliance on ER
7
Q
Leading causes of unintentional injuries: infants, toddlers/preschoolers, school-age/adolescents
A
- infants: suffocation
- todders & preschoolers: choking, drowning
- school age & adolescents: MVC, firearms, alcohol/drug poisoning
8
Q
Levels of prevention autism spectrum disorder
A
- primary: maternal education - avoid stuff, prenatal care
- secondary: screening
- tertiary: speech, OT, PT, therapies
9
Q
when is ADHD typically diagnosed
A
age 5-8yrs old
10
Q
what are physical & cognitive sign of ADHD
A
Physical
- ability to pay attention
- difficulty organizing
- impulsivity
- talk excessively or overly active
Cognitive
- easily frustrated
- frequent mood swings
- poor social behavior
11
Q
Impact of ADHD
A
- academic struggles
- substance use
- increased risk taking
- poor social behavior
- difficulty maintaining friends
12
Q
what is the etiology of ADHD
A
strong genetic link
13
Q
risk factors for ADHD
A
- brain injury
- prenatal toxin exposure
- prematurity
- low birth weight
14
Q
what are the 6 social determinants of health
A
- economic stability, job availability
- neighborhood & built environment
- education access
- nutrition
- social & community
- healthcare access
15
Q
individual factors what makes pt more vulnerable
A
- chronic illnesses, disabilities
- infants & elderly
- psychosocial aspects
- disenfranchisement: lack of basic civil rights
16
Q
strategies to decrease health disparities
A
- advocacy
- community resources
- culturally competent care
- policies & legislative
17
Q
primary prevention strategies for homelessness
A
- referral sources
- legislation advocacy
- screening for risk factors: SDOH
- educate communities about financial planning, navigating public benefits
18
Q
what is ableism
A
- discrimation or prejudice against people with disabilities
- belief that typical abilities are superior and otherwise needs to be “fixed”
19
Q
what are examples of ableism
A
- assuming incompetence
- inaccessible environments
- dismissal of symptoms
- over-medicalization
20
Q
what should the focus be on for a person with disabilities
A
focus on their strengths, needs, and goals
NOT diagnosis
21
Q
what are signs of neglect in children
A
- delayed immunizations
- poor hygiene
- inappropriate clothing
- low wt gain or developmental delays
- frequent absences from school
22
Q
what are halal dietary choices
A
- no pork or its products: gelatin capsules
- no alcohol: alcohol based syrups
- don’t mix utensils for halal and non-halal foods
- ramadan: fast from sunrise to sunset
23
Q
what is cultural awareness
A
- awarenss of own emotions and beliefs
- recognizing how differences can positively impact their health and well-being
24
Q
what is cultural humility
A
- genuine respect and openness to unique backgrounds
- lifelong learning and self-reflection
- learn from pts
25
what is cultural safety
goal where pts feel safe
26
what does cultural competence mean
- ability to deliver care that values the differences & include preferences in care
- equality vs. equity
27
crisis intervention for a pt experiencing IPV
- create a safe plan
- know the crisis number that allows immediate support
- respect pt's choice
- emergency shelter info
28
what are risk factors for child abuse
- if < 4 yrs old, or have chronic illness, disabilities
caregiver risk factors
- substance use
- mental illness
- hx of being abused
- lack of parenting knowledge
- high stress
29
what is human trafficking
- use of force, fraud, or coercion to exploit individuals for labor or commercial sex
- risk of occupational exposure from lack of safety
30
what are tactics used by traffickers
- control basic needs such as shelter or food
- threats, wage withholding, isolation
- shaming, manipulation, false intimacy
31
what are the different types of abuse
- physical
- emotional
- sexual
- neglect
- financial
32
what are healthy family structure characteristics
- clear boundaries
- support for individual growth
- flexible roles and rules
- adaptability to change & stress
33
what are signs of dysfunctional families
- instability to structure or function
- persistent conflicts
- problem-solving difficulties
- continuous crisis
34
what are the 6 family functions
1. physical: food, shelter, safety
2. reproductive
3. socialization: norms, values, beliefs
4. economic: financial habits, work ethic
5. affective nurturance: love, relationships, care for others
6. health promotion & self-care
35
what are the 6 family characteristics
1. commitment: prioritization
2. appreciation & affection: encourage self worth
3. positive communication
4. enjoyable time together
5. spiritual well being
6. coping ability
36
why some families cope better than others
resilient families grow stronger through adversity
- expected: childbirth, aging parents
- unexpected: job loss, divorce, death
resilience is supported by:
- shared belief systems
- effective organization: role flexibility
- strong communication & problem solving
37
what is the family cycle theory
families move through predictable developmental stages with each stage involving challenges and stressors
- success/failure at one stage can affect future adaptation
38
what is the family systems theory
families are an interconnected emotional unit and change in one affects others
39
what is the biological ecological systems theory
external environmental influences on families
40
implementations to consider when working with families
- objective data: genograms, ecomaps
- identify priority concern
- interventions with SMART goals that include physical support, support self management, and education
- define success
41
what are things to consider prior to a family home visit
- goal
- who needs to be present
- previous assessment data
- teaching aids
42
define the following phases during a family home visit:
- initiation
- previsit
- in-home
- termination
- post-visit
initiation
- clarify referral source
- purpose of visit
- expectations
previsit
- contact family to assess willingness to participate
- review family record
In-home
- nursing process
termination
- summarize education, interventions
- plan steps for next visit
Post-visit
- document
- set up next visit
