exam 2: resp

Question 1

Equivalent of the “common cold”

Causes:
rhinovirus, RSV, adenovirus, influenza virus, & parainfluenza virus

Answer 1

nasopharyngitis

Question 2

Nursing Interventions for nasopharyngitis

Answer 2

elevate HOB, suctioning, vaporization, saline nose drops

Question 3

80-90% of this disease is viral

Answer 3

pharyngitis

Question 4

what test is done to rule out strep throat in those with pharyngiits?

Answer 4

GABHS

Question 5

antibiotic of choice to treat pharyngitis?

Answer 5

penecillin, and if allergic, erythromycin

Question 6

for tonsillitis, when do you need to get surgery–> tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy?

Answer 6

if three more or cases have occured in the past year

Question 7

post-op nursing monitoring priorities in those with tonsillitis?

Answer 7

Monitor for bleeding: frequent swallowing, vomiting fresh blood, frequent throat clearing
Highest risk of hemorrhage is first 24hrs. & 5-10 days post-op.

Question 8

foods to avoid post-op tonsillitis?

Answer 8

Straws
Red fluids
Acidic foods or fluids
Rough textured foods
Hot food or drink

Question 9

is otitis media caused by bacterial or viral agent? and which ones?

Answer 9

bacterial; s. pneumoniae & H influenzae

Question 10

2 types of otitis media?

Answer 10

acute otitis media (AOM)
or
otitis media with effusion (OME)

Question 11

which vaccine has decreased the incidence of otitis media by 50% in some cases>

Answer 11

pneumococcal vaccine

Question 12

nursing interventions for otitis media

Answer 12

Position on affected side for comfort & facilitate drainage
Apply heat over the ear (warm compresses)
Cleanse external canal with antibiotic ointment or hydrogen peroxide if ordered

Question 13

principle cause of infectious mononucleosis

Answer 13

epstein-barr virus

Question 14

infection control procedure for mono patients

Answer 14

standard, no isolation

incubation period is 30-50 days

Question 15

S&S of mono

Answer 15

big three: fever, pharyngitis, cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 16

Croup syndromes symtoms

Answer 16

hoarse cough, insp. stridor, resp. distresss

Question 17

epiglottitis

Answer 17

acute inflammation of the epiglottis. MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Question 18

which bacteria usually causes epiglottitis?

Answer 18

H influenzae

Question 19

clinical manifestations of epiglottitis?

Answer 19

4 D's:
drooling
dysphagia
dysphonia
distressed breathing efforts
tripod position

Question 20

lab diagnostics of epiglottitis?

Answer 20

ABGs: low pH AND PaO2

high co2–> RESP. ACIDOSIS

Question 21

treatment of epiglottitis?

Answer 21

analgesics and antipyretics
iv antibiotics
corticosteroids
O2 therapy

Question 22

most common croup syndrome

Answer 22

laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 23

most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children less than a year old

Answer 23

resp. syncytial virus

Question 24

viral infection of bronchioles. characterized by thick secretions

Answer 24

bronciolitis

Question 25

diagnosis of bronchiolitis made by

Answer 25

RSV washings, SaO2

Question 26

nursing interventios for bronchiolitis pts.

Answer 26

-DROPLET PRECAUTIONS observe for hypoxia bulb syringe for suctioning administer neb treatment

Question 27

diagnostic tests to determine pneumonia:

Answer 27

CXR, CT, Sputum C&S

Question 28

treatment for pneumonia

Answer 28

``` resp assessment cool mist tent elevate HOB Chest PT/ incentive spirometry antibiotics ```

Question 29

pertussis

Answer 29

whooping cough, highly contagious "droplet precautions"

Question 30

diagnosis of pertussis made by

Answer 30

nasal swab

Question 31

treatment of pertussis is: _____

Answer 31

symptomatic. cool mist with O2 and resp. assessment

Question 32

reversible "reactive" airway disease

Answer 32

asthma

Question 33

most common chronic condition in children

Answer 33

asthma

Question 34

this is ominous sign of resp arrest in asthmatic pts.

Answer 34

sudden cessation of wheezes

Question 35

treatment for asthma

Answer 35

short acting beta blockers: albuterol anticholintergics: atrovent steroids spacers

Question 36

this asthmatic drug should not be used in children under the age of 12

Answer 36

Leukotreine modifiers: Singulair

Question 37

autosomal recessive disease causing dysfunction of exocrine glands

Answer 37

cystic fibrosis

Question 38

responsible mutated gene for cystic fibrosis is located here

Answer 38

chromosome 7

Question 39

when both parents carry the CF gen, then:

Answer 39

- 25% with have CF - 50% will be carriers - 25% will not have disease

Question 40

assessments found in CF pts.:

Answer 40

-meconium ileus(infants) -salty-tasting skin -frequent infections -steatorrhea (fatty stools) thin extremities and muscle wasting

Question 41

diagnostic test for CF:

Answer 41

sweat test: weat chloride greater than 60 on two or more occasions is indicative - stool for fecal fat - chest x-ray

Question 42

treatment options for CP pts: meds

Answer 42

``` bronchodilators mucolytics pancreatic enzymes vitamins antibiotics salt replacement nsaids flutter valve ```