Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A&P For SLP > Exam 2 Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Flashcards

(72 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Ventral spinothalamic tract

A

Goes from the spinal cord to the thalamus. Transmits information about light touch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Spinocerebellar tract

A

Goes from the spinal cord to the cerebellum. Conveys information about the muscles and tendons in the leg and trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lateral spinothalamic tract

A

Goes from the spinal cord to the thalamus. Conveys information about pain and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fasiculus Gracilis

A

Goes from the spinal cord to the medulla oblongata. Conveys information about joint movement, vibration, and passive movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fasiculus Cuneatus

A

Goes from the spinal cord to the medulla oblongata. Relays proprioceptive information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vestibulospinal tract

A

Runs from the brain stem to the spinal cord. Regulates the balance reflex mechanism. Also plays a role in posture and muscle tone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Direct Pyramidal Tract/ Ventral Corticospinal tract

A

Runs from the motor cortex to the spinal cord. Relays voluntary impulses for movement in the mid thoracic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Reticulospinal tract

A

Goes from the reticular formation of the medulla and midbrain and goes to the spinal cord. Regulates skeletal muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tectospinal Tract

A

Goes from the tectum (more specifically the superior colliculi) to the spinal cord. Plays a role in the audiovisual reflex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rubrospinal Tract

A

Goes from the red nucleus to spinal cord. Associated with cerebellar function and motor coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lateral Pyramidal Tract/ Lateral Corticospinal Tract

A

Goes from the motor cortex to the spinal cord. Responsible for initiating of motor movements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Three Primary Systems of Speech

A
  1. Pyramidal System
  2. Extrapyramidal System
  3. Cerebellar System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pyramidal System

A

Responsible for initiating voluntary speech movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Extrapyramidal System

A

Provides the non voluntary support that lets you perform the purposeful movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cerebellar System

A

Provides the precise and specialized motor control that enables us to produce the rapid alternating and repetitive movements needed for smooth conversational speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Executive Functions

A

How we exercise control over our cognitive processes, like inhibition, self-monitoring, planning, regulation of emotion, and motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A

7 most superior vertebrae that make up the neck. Have the largest vertebral foramen and have transverse foramen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

12 Vertebrae below the cervical vertebrae. Have costal facets or demifacets, where the ribs attach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

5 vertebrae below the thoracic vertebrae. The largest vertebrae and have a large spinous process, where the muscles of the lower back attach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sacral Vertebrae

A

5 vertebrae below the lumbar vertebrae. Born separated but fuse to create the sacrum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Coccygeal Vertebrae

A

3-5 vertebrae below the sacral vertebrae. Separated at birth but fuse to create the coccyx, a vestigial structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vertebrae

A

Approximately the 33 bones that make up the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Corpus

A

Mass of bone that functions to protect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Vertebral Foramen

A

The opening in the vertebrae. Directly where the spinal cord passes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Neural Arch
Surrounds the vertebral foramen
26
Anterior Neural Arch
Between the corpus and the vertebral foramen
27
Posterior Neural Arch
Below the vertebral foramen
28
Spinous Process
The projection extending posteriorly off the posterior arch. Serves as a point of muscle attachment
29
Transverse Process
Projection located laterally at each side of vertebrae. Serves as a point of muscular attachment and the point of attachment of the ribs
30
Transverse Foramen
Allows for the passage of blood vessels and nerves
31
Articular Facets
Each vertebrae above the level of the sacrum contain two superior and two inferior. The superior join with the inferior of each vertebrae
32
Intervertebral disc
Separates each vertebrae that's above the level of the sacrumm. Rings of cartilage that gives the vertebral column flexibility and resiliency. Acts like the body's shock absorber
33
Intervertebral Foramen
The opening between each vertebrae above the level of the sacrum. It's how blood vessels pass to spinal cord and how spinal nerves enter and exit the spinal cord
34
Cauda Equina
Series of nerve rootlets at the end of the spinal cord that taper to a point called this
35
Pyramidal Decussation
Point at which 80% of the tracts cross to the other side of the body
36
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
Sensory information goes from the cerebellum to the thalamus via the midbrain
37
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
Motor information goes from the frontal and temporal lobes to the cerebellum via the pons
38
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
Sensory information goes from the spinal cord to the cerebellum via the medulla. Motor information goes from the cortex above to the cerebellum via the medulla
39
Brachium Pontis
The middle cerebellar peduncle
40
Brachium Conjunctivum
The superior cerebellar peduncle
41
Restiform body
the inferior cerebellar peduncle
42
Dens
The axis's projection
43
Functions of the cerebellum
1. The center for inhibition and excitation of connecting neurons 2. Regulates muscle synergy 3. Provides the fine coordination for rapid alternating movement 4. Helps maintain posture and balance for things like walking, eating, dressing, and writing
44
Anterior Corticospinal Tracts
The 20% of pyramidal tract fibers that don't cross to the opposite side of the body
45
Atlas
C1. The skull fits into the superior facets
46
Inferior Colluculi
Responsible for the mediation and regulation of auditory reflex
47
Ventral Horns
Composed of motor nuclei, or ventral horn cells. Synapse with ventral horn fibers and send out motor information by the spinal nerves.
48
Dorsal Horns
Composed for sensory nuclei, or dorsal horn cells. Synapse with dorsal horn fibers and make up the sensory component of the spinal nerves.
49
Gray Matter
Composed of spinal nerve cells and surround the central canal
50
Corpora Quadrigemina
Composed of inferior and superior colliculi. Dorsally positioned and plays a role in the auditory and visual reflex. The functional union
51
Substantia Nigra
Strip of gray matter just posterior to the nuclei of the cerebral peduncle. Important for motor control. Has fibers that extend to the frontal lobe, so it plays a role in attention and executive functions. Also creates the neurotransmitter, dopamine
52
Reticular Formation
1. An efferent and afferent communication network that extends from the level of the thalamus all the way to the spinal cord. 2. An early warning system that warns the thalamus and structures above that sensory information is going to be forthcoming 3. With with the thalamus to regulate circulation, respiration, and gastrointestinal activity
53
Vermis
Connects the two hemispheres of the cerebellum
54
Pons
Its a connector. It connects the medulla to the midbrain and the cerebellum to the rest of the brain
55
Axis
C2. It serves as a pivot point for your skull
56
Lateral Corticospinal Tracts
The 80% of pyramidal tracts that do cross
57
Red Nucleus
Posterior to the substantia nigra. The relay center for the extrapyramidal system
58
Spinal Cord
A bidirectional transmission link between the body and the brain.
59
Lobes of Cerebellum
1. Anterior Lobe 2. Posterior Lobe 3. Flocculonodular Lobe
60
Anterior Lobe
Receives proprioceptive inpulses from the spinal cord
61
Posterior Lobe
Regulates coordination of muscle activity
62
Flocculonodular Lobe
Responsible for mediating equilibrium
63
Function of Vertebral Column
1. Houses and protects the spinal cord 2. Provides the body with some degree of axial support 3. Provides some degree of movement for the neck, thoracic region and lumbar region
64
Tectum
Anatomic union for the inferior and superior colliculi
65
Parkinson's disease
When the cells of the substantia nigra die and depletes dopamine
66
Superior Colliculi
Responsible for mediating and regulating visual reflex
67
Ipsilateral
Each hemisphere of the cerebellum controls the same side of the body its on
68
Conus Medullaris
The point to where the spinal cord tapers off to. Located around L1 to L3
69
Cerebellum Steps
1. Receives motor information that warns it about an impending motor movement 2. Receives sensory information with feedback on how the movement actually went 3. Sends out sensory information that allows us to adjust and execute the motor action
70
Bar of the H / Central Canal
Cells that are part of the reticular Formation
71
Dorsal Median Septum
Posteriorly divide the spinal cord in half
72
Ventral Median Fissure
Ventrally divide the spinal cord in half

A&P For SLP (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions