exam 2 study guide #7

Question 1

antigen

Answer 1

molecule capable of inducing an immune response

Question 2

antibody

Answer 2

bivalent protein formed by B lymphocytes in response to foreign substance

Question 3

packed cells

Answer 3

cells only, no plasma

Question 4

Correspond antigens present
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O

Answer 4

-A antigens
-B antigens
-both A/B antigens
-none

Question 5

Antibodies
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O

Answer 5

-b antibodies
-a antibodies
-neither a/b
-both a/b antiodies

Question 6

Antibodies a and b are called naturally occurring antibodies because:

Answer 6

-result of natural exposure to substances in our environment during first few months of life
-form naturally in anyone who doesn’t have corresponding antigen

Question 7

A serum

Answer 7

someone with type A blood
-b antibodies

Question 8

An Rh negative man is tested and shown to have Rh antibodies. How do you explain this?

Answer 8

has received Rh positive blood transfusion at some time in his life

Question 9

A Rh negative woman delivers a baby with Rh positive blood. This baby will suffer from erythroblastosis fetalis only if:

Answer 9

the mother previously delivered a baby with Rh positive blood and did not receive RhoGam

Question 10

Which of the following individuals will have Rh antibodies?

Answer 10

-an Rh negative individual who has received a transfusion of Rh positive blood
-an Rh negative woman who has delivered an Rh positive child and not received a Rhogam injection

Question 11

Explain the etiology of erythroblastosis fetalis by placing the events listed in the right column in the proper order.

Answer 11

1- Rh negative mom pregnant with Rh positive child
2- Rh positive fetal cells leak into mothers circulation during delivery
3- triggers immune response in mom who now produces Rh antibody
4- during 2nd pregnancy with another Rh positive baby, Rh antibody cross placenta into fetal circulation
5- maternal Rh antibody bid to fetal red blood cells
6- fetus suffers from destruction of red blood cells and is anemic and jaundiced at birth

Question 12

Treatment of Rh positive mom with Rh negative baby using Rhogam:

Answer 12

-must be done within 72 hours of delivery
-injects the mother with Rh antibodies that destroy any fetal Rh positive cells before they can cause an immune response
-prevents production of Rh antibodies in the mother
-must be done following the delivery of all Rh positive babies

Question 13

Genotype- blood type
Type A (homozygous)

Answer 13

IA IA

Question 14

Genotype- blood type
Type A (heterozygous)

Answer 14

IA i

Question 15

Genotype- blood type
Type B (homozygous)

Answer 15

IB IB

Question 16

Genotype- blood type
Type B (heterozygous)

Answer 16

IB i

Question 17

Genotype- blood type
Type AB

Answer 17

IA IB

Question 18

Genotype- blood type
Type O

Answer 18

i i

Question 19

Genotype- blood type
Rh positive (homozygous)

Answer 19

Rh Rh

Question 20

Genotype- blood type
Rh positive (heterozygous)

Answer 20

Rh rh

Question 21

Genotype- blood type
Rh negative

Answer 21

rh rh

Question 22

A child with an AB positive blood type has a mother whose blood type is A negative. The baby’s father blood type is most likely:

Answer 22

-B positive
-AB positive

Question 23

Blood is drawn into a test tube from a person with Type A blood. After clotting, the cells are discarded and the remaining liquid, which is __________ contains ___________.

Answer 23

serum; b antibodies

Question 24

List the three rules of blood typing.

Answer 24

-antigens are on the cell; antibodies are in the serum or plasma
-agglutination only occurs in the presence of both the antigen and its corresponding antibody
-the antigens on the red blood cell determine the blood type

Question 25

Which of the following combinations of red blood cells and serum would give an agglutination reaction? (The blood samples are from individuals who have never received a blood transfusion or been pregnant.)

Answer 25

type A negative cells with type B positive serum

Question 26

A person has Type AB blood.. If they receive a transfusion of whole blood, which of the following donor types could potentially cause an agglutination reaction?

Answer 26

-Type A -Type B -Type 0

Question 27

A person who has Type O blood is referred to as a universal donor. This is not totally accurate because

Answer 27

-a person with Type O blood has a and b antibodies in their plasma -cells must be separated from plasma to isolate the antigens from the antibodies, and only cells may be donated