Exam 3 Flashcards
(58 cards)
1
Q
Biblical images for the church
A
- People of God
- Servant people
- Body of Christ
- Community of the spirit
2
Q
- People of God
A
Connecting the church to Israel
3
Q
- Servant people
A
Following Jesus the church serves God and others
4
Q
- Body of Christ
A
One head - Jesus
One spirit - Holy Spirit
One father - God
5
Q
- Community of the spirit
A
The church should look like God’s future
6
Q
The church
A
The whole body of those who through Christ’s death and resurrection have been savingly reconciled to God the father and have received new life by the holy spirit. It includes all such people whether living or dead, it is universal in nature but finds expression in local groups
7
Q
Connection to the Old Testament (promises made to Abram)
A
4 promises God makes to Abram
- promises to make Abram into a great nation
- promises him land
- promises to bless Abram
- promises Abram will be a blessing to others
8
Q
How does Jesus expand promises made to Abram?
A
- promising a great nation (all nations, all tribes, all tongues)
- church can claim the whole world by the gospel
- promises to be with them himself by the power of the HS
- church will be a blessing to others (shares gospel & brings others in to presence)
9
Q
Connection to the Holy Spirit
A
- book of acts
- main character is the Holy Spirit
- nothing happens in Acts without the Holy Spirit
10
Q
Pattern established in Acts
A
- gift of the Holy Spirit
- works of power after receiving the gift
- conversions (people believing in Jesus Christ)
11
Q
Marks of the church
A
- holy
- catholic
- apostolic
12
Q
The church is holy
A
-the church is a community of forgiven sinners
-the church is holy because it is connected to Jesus by Holy Spirit
-what does Jesus holiness look like?
•loves sinners
•forgives sinners
•sides with the weak and oppressed
•calls people back to life with God
13
Q
The church is catholic (universal, United)
A
- the church is for the whole world (geographical catholicity)
- the church is for the whole of humanity (anthropological)
- the church declares the whole gospel. Which is a whole remedy for sin (evangelical and soteriology catholicity)
- the church is throughout the whole of time (chronological)
14
Q
The church is apostolic
A
-the church is centered on the teachings of the apostles
-Jesus gave true revelation of himself to the apostles and they passed that on to the church
-in the early days of the church, there were prominent leaders who could trace their spiritual lineage back to an apostle
Ex. Jesus -> John -> polycarp -> Irenaeus (apostolic authority)
15
Q
Apostolic authority
A
- anyone who teaches what the apostles taught has apostolic authority
- the authority doesn’t lie in the person, it lies in the message
- the New Testament is the apostles teaching about Jesus
16
Q
Criteria for New Testament books
A
- Written by an apostle or close associate
- Agreed with the rule of faith
- Shaped and formed the church; the books used by the Holy Spirit to conform people to Christ
17
Q
Tasks of the church
A
- Worship God
- Edification and education of believers
- Missions to the world
18
Q
- Worship God
A
-rightly acknowledge who God is and what he’s done
19
Q
- Edification and education of believers
A
- encourage, nurture, buildup
- teaching and preaching - learning
- fellowship - sharing their lives
- ministries of mercy - helping anyone in need
20
Q
- Missions to the world
A
- sharing the news of Jesus Christ with those who haven’t heard
- proclamation of the word - say the gospel
- ministries of mercy - doing the gospel
21
Q
Natural talent
A
An inborn aptitude
22
Q
Spiritual gift
A
- An ability given to a believer by the Holy Spirit for the purpose of building up the church. These are given so that the church can do what it’s supposed to do
- spiritual gifts and natural talents may or may not coincide
- spiritual gifts may or may not be permanent
23
Q
Spiritual gifts are the basis for the church
A
- without the Holy Spirit the church doesn’t exist
- without the gifts of the Holy Spirit the church can’t do it’s jobs
24
Q
Spiritual gifts are the basis for the priesthood of all believers
A
-because of the work of Jesus and the power of the Holy Spirit, all Christian’s now function as priests
25
Spiritual gifts are the basis for roles in the church
- Roles in the church, including leadership roles are filled based on gifting, not anything else
- roles are not based on things like race, ethnicity, sex, wealth and social status
26
Sacrament definition #1
A sacrament is an outward visible sign of an inward visible grace
- the sacraments are God’s work for us
- in the sacraments God is actually doing something for the believer
27
Sacrament definition #2
A sacrament is an act which Christ ordained and which we practice out of obedience to him
- sometimes the word “ordinance” is used with this definition rather than sacrament
- this definition emphasizes that the sacrament is our work of obedience in response to what God had already done
28
Baptism
Initiation into the community of God’s people
29
Believers baptism
- based on the idea that baptism follows a confession of faith
- those who belong to God’s community are people who believe in and trust Jesus Christ
- Matt 28:18-20
- sacrament definition #2
- Acts 2:38-39
- Acts 16:13-15
- Acts 16:29-34
30
7 sacraments of Catholic Church
* baptism
* lords supper
- reconciliation (confession)
- confirmation
- anointing of the sick (last rites)
- marriage
- ordination
* sacraments
- rites of the church
31
Infant baptism
- based on the idea that God makes covenants with whole communities
- a person born into that community should receive the sign of that covenant
- genesis 17:1-6
- sacrament definition #1
32
Genesis 17-1-6
- god makes a covenant with Abraham and Sarah and all of their descendants
- none of the descendants have been born yet
- God is taking responsibility for the covenant onto himself
- circumcise is the sign of the covenant
- baby boys 8 days old
33
The lords supper
Participation in the community of God’s people
34
Transubstantiation
-the catholic view
-when the priest consecrates the elements (the bread and wine) a real, metaphysical change takes place
-the bread becomes christs flesh
-the wine becomes christs blood
-philosophical basis - Aristotle
-accidents: a things physical appearance, what can be perceived by the 5 senses. These are always subject to change
-substance: essential nature of a thing, which never changed and from which the thing derived its identity
-Thomas quinas
-in the lords supper a miracle occurs-it’s a supernatural event
-the accidents of the bread and wine remain the same but the substance changes
(Literal interpretation)
(Real presence -Christ is uniquely present in the lords supper)
35
Consubstantiation
-Lutheran view
-Luther says there is no change; the bread stays bread, the wine stays wine
-rather, christs flesh and blood interprétales the elements
-christs flesh and blood is “in, with and under” the elements
-analogy iron bar (iron stays iron but if put in fire, heat is added)
(Literal interpretation)
-rejects use of Greek philosophy
-rejects the power of the catholic priest as a form of magic
-christ is present by faith to those who believe
Real presence - Yes
36
Dynamic presence
-reformed view (John Calvin)
-Christ is spiritually present at the lords supper but not physically
-analogy: sun and its heat (sun represents Jesus in heaven and heat represents his presence by power of the Holy Spirit)
(Figurative interpretation)
-the original audience took and ate the bread, but they did not eat christs flesh
-the elements are both signs and seals
-sign: one thing represents another (wedding ring analogy)
-seal: one thing contains the reality of another thing in itself (lost passport in another country analogy)
-the bread and wine are gods chosen instruments to draw us into the presence of Christ in a unique way
-real presence - yes
37
Memorial view
-ulrich Zwingli
(Figurative interpretation of key biblical passages)
-the bread and the wine are signs and only signs
-the lords supper acts as a reminder of Christ’s death and resurrection and our need to respond with faith
-real presence - No
38
What does the Old Testament say about God’s future?
- idea of land
| - God creates land and then gives it to his people
39
Adam and Eve
- land provides all they need and it’s the place where they experience relationship with each other and God
- when they choose to sin, they lose the land (garden)
40
Noah
God gives him the whole world
41
Abraham
God promises Canaan to him and descendants
42
Moses
God promises to take his people out of slavery and into the promised land
43
David
God promises that one of his descendants will always rule as king in Israel
44
Exile
God allows a foreign nation to conquer Israel and take the people captive due to idolatry and greed but God promises a remnant will return
45
Hope in New Testament (Jesus)
- Jesus promises to return to this earth
- Jesus promises that the meek will inherit the earth
- rewarding the faithful -this earth
46
Hope in New Testament (Paul)
- the whole world waits with eager expectation for the redemption of our bodies. Compared to a woman in labor
- resurrection - Jesus’ people will be raised from the dead when he returns. Permanent and we will be made like Jesus - glorification - the healing of our whole selves both body and soul
- all things will be made new
47
Hope in New Testament (peter)
- compares the return of Christ to the flood
- the earth will be destroyed with fire
- destruction - cleansing from wickedness
- fire - exodus - Moses and the burning bush. The fire is a sign of God’s presence
- Daniel - shadrach, meschach and abednego and the fiery furnace - discriminating fire
- malachi - refiners fire or a laundry soap - separates and purifies
- acts 2 - Holy Spirit appears in the tongues of fire
- Peter is saying Jesus will return and bring a purifying and cleansing fire with him
48
Hope in New Testament (John)
- the book of revelation
- Jesus is coming back, he will create the new heavens and the new earth (recreation and restoration of our heavens and earth), he will raise the dead, judge all people and he will spend eternity with us here
- God wins
- the restored earth will be like the garden of Eden but better
- salvation fulfilled- total reversal of the curses
49
Intermediate state
The time between when a person dies and Christ returns
50
Old Testament view of heaven and intermediate state
Death - Sheol (the grave) - hints of resurrection - restored Israel (communal vision)
-the body and soul are joined
51
New Testament heaven and intermediate state
Death - hades - return of Christ - resurrection - final judgment - hell or new heavens and new earth
52
Hades
- hades
| - paradise
53
Paradise
- Those who have trusted Jesus
| - we are safe with Christ
54
Hades
Those would haven’t trusted Jesus
55
Sheol
The grave
56
New heavens and new earth
-the final state
-centers on the return of Christ
•real
•physical/embodied
•Christ himself
•affect all of God’s creation
57
Biblical language of new heavens and new earth
-often symbols, images, and metaphors
-uses symbols, images and metaphors to tell us the truth about God’s future
•grounded in the resurrection of Jesus
•involves all of creation
•our current situation will not have the last word; but God cares about our current situation
58
4 key ideas of new heavens and new earth
1. Parousia - coming, arrival
2. Resurrection of the dead
- Jesus will raise the dead for real
- this resurrection power will not only transform individuals but whole communities and the universe itself
3. The last judgement - Jesus comes as our judge
- hell will be created for satan and his demons
4. Eternal communion with God, each other and the created world
