exam 3 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Is the human body’s response to excessively hot temperatures, sweating and vasodilation of blood vessels near the skin surface, voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
How many different cell types are in the human body?
200
The desert ant, which lives in the Sahara Desert, has several features and behaviors that allow it to live in such a harsh environment. These include all the following, except
unusual enzymes that work optimally at extremely hot temperatures.
What is the direction of heat exchange/diffusion of heat in the countercurrent heat exchange system found in the legs of several species of birds, such as Canadian geese and penguins?
from the arterial blood into the venous blood
Is the human body’s response to excessively cold temperatures, shivering and vasoconstriction of blood vessels near the skin surface, voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
Successful invasion of the land by tetrapods required all the following, except
lungs which were more efficient than fish gills to extract oxygen from the air.
Which is the most species rich group of vertebrates?
fishes
The direction of blood flow in fish gills is opposite the direction of water flow past
the gills. Which of these should be expected if this structural relationship represents a countercurrent exchange mechanism for oxygen?
Net movement of oxygen from water into blood occurs along the entire distance where blood and water are in close contact.
What kind of symmetry do members of the phylum Porifera exhibit?
no symmetry
Which of the following groups of insects do we think has the highest number of species?
beetles
Which of the following is (are) unique to animals?
nervous conduction and muscular movement
What is an important advantage to a closed circulatory system
improved movement activity
Do members of the phylum Cnidaria have a separate mouth and anus?
no
The presence of a swim bladder allows the typical ray-finned fish to stop swimming and still
not sink
Which of the following are the only living animals that descended directly from dinosaurs?
birds
Which 2 important features distinguish bony fish (e.g., goldfish, grouper) from cartilaginous fish (e.g., stingrays, sharks)?
swim bladder & gill cover/operculum
Of the following organisms, which are amniotes?
mammals
Arthropods invaded land about 100 million years before vertebrates did so. This most clearly implies that
arthropods have had more time to coevolve with land plants than vertebrates have had.
Which of the following enzymes is mismatched with the type of molecule it breaks down?
amylase-protein
What is meant by the term “essential” in reference to nutrients?
They cannot be synthesized within the human body and need to be a part of the diet.
The parietal cells located in pits within the stomach produce
hydrochloric acid.
The body stores excess glucose as all the following, except
glycogen in the pancreas
A very low level of glucose in the blood after a long period of fasting will cause
glucagon release from the pancreas.
Where do absorbed fats finally enter the blood?
within chylomicrons in the lymph at the subclavian veins
