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BIO 202 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

A

gas exchange, communication, olfaction, acid base balance, blood pressure regulation, blood and lymph flow, platelet production, blood filtration, expulsion of abdominal contents

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2
Q

which of the following is directly related to respiratory production of carbon

A

regulation of pH

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3
Q

the upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the ______.

A

larynx

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4
Q

what are the most numerous cells in the lungs

A

dust cells

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5
Q

the heart indents into the ____ of the left lung.

A

cardiac notch

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6
Q

the lungs have a total of 5 ____.

A

lobes

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7
Q

which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?
a. the ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder
b. the urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females
c. the kidneys are at the equal heights within the pelvic cavity
d. the right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left

A

the kidneys are at equal height within the pelvic cavity

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8
Q

the ___ is not an organ of the urinary system

A

liver

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9
Q

what are the function of the kidneys?

A

filter blood and excrete toxic metabolic waste
regulate blood volume, pressure, osmolarity
regulate electrolytes and acid base balance
secrete erthtopoietin
regulate calcium levels ( calcitriol syntheisis)
clear hormones from blood
detoxify free radicals
synthesis glucose from amino acids in starvation

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10
Q

which organ system excretes nitrogenous wastes?

A

the urinary system ( kidney)

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11
Q

blood plasma is filtered in the ___

A

renal corpuscle

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12
Q

the average person has approximately ___ nephrons per kidney

A

1.5

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13
Q

aldosterone acts on the ____

A

distal convoluted tubule

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14
Q

which of the following is a direct result of anitdiuretic hormone

A

decreased urine volume

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15
Q

normal urine from a healthy person should not contain

A

glucose

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16
Q

micturition is another term for

A

urinating

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17
Q

which of these structures does urine travel

A

ureters

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18
Q

what is the name of structure at C

A
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19
Q

what is the name of the structure at E

A
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20
Q

most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate by which region of the nephron

A

proximal convoluted tubule

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21
Q

ich region of the nephron is permeable to water but not NACl

A

collecting ducts *

22
Q

ADH targets whioch region of the renal tubule

A

collecting ducts

23
Q

An example of chemical digestion is the breakdown of ___ into ____

A

nucleic acids; nucleotides

24
Q

which of the following is the accessory organ of the digestuion respinsible for producing bile

A

the liver

25
Q

which of the following is not an accesory organ of digestion?

A

spleen

26
Q

the layer that is responsible for the motility that propels food and residue through the digestive tract is called the___

A

muscular externa

27
Q

the outermost layer of the digestive tract, which is composed of a thin layer of areolar tissue and simple squamous epithelium is called the ___

A

serosa

28
Q

the small intestine is suspended from the abdominal wall by the ____

A

the mesentery

29
Q

Each of the following lists some of the tissue layers of the digestive tract, which one has them in the correct order from lumen to external surface?

A

lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

30
Q

____ is a hormone, whereas ____ is an enzyme

A

secretin;pepsin

31
Q

the _____ regulate digestive tract motility, secretion and blood flow, its neutrons are found in the ____

A

enteric nervous system; submucosa and muscularis externa

32
Q

carbohydrate digestion begins in the ___ whereas protein digestion begins in the ___

A

mouth; stomach

33
Q

which of the following is not normally found in saliva

A

protease

34
Q

the ___ stores excess glucose and releases it into the blood when needed

A

liver

35
Q

the ___ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing _____

A

liver; cholesterol

36
Q

what are components of the pancreatic juice?

A

alkaline mixture of water, enzymes, zymogens, sodium bicarbonate, electrolytes

37
Q

which of the following nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine
a. water
b. vitamins
c. proteins
d. minerals
e. cholesterol

A

proteins

38
Q

which of the following is not involved in chemical digestion ?

A

the large intestine

39
Q

which organ does protein digestion begin?

A

the stomach

40
Q

where does most nutrient absorption occur?

A

the small intestine

41
Q

where do mass movements occur?

A

in the transverse, descending, sigmoid colons

42
Q

the ___ regulates the flow of contents from the stomach to the duodenum

A

pyloric sphincter

43
Q

pepsinogen is produced by ___ and is activated by ___ which is secreted by ___

A

chief cells; hydrochloric acid; parietal cells

44
Q

which of the following is a function of the stomach

A

food storage organ
break up, liquefies, chemical digestion of protein and fat ( make chyme)

45
Q

necessary for vitamin b12 absorption, __ is/are secreted by ___ cells

A

intrinsic factor; parietal

46
Q

hydrocholoric acid is secreted by ___ cells

A

parietal

47
Q

which of the following is not a function of gastric hydrochloric acid?

A

emulsify lipids

48
Q

the __ phase is associated with food stretching the stomach and activated myenteric and vagovagal reflexes, which stimulate gastric secretions

A

gastric

49
Q

which are the three phases of gastric secretion

A
  1. cephalic phase, 2. gastric phase, 3. intestinal phase
50
Q

which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?
a. control of ph
b. promote flow of lymph and venous blood
c. helps regulate blood pressure
d. assists in the synthesis of vasodilators
e. aid in defecation

A

d. assists in the synthesis of vasodilators

BIO 202 (8 decks)

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