exam 3

Question 1

organizational effects

Answer 1

hormones in prenatal life shape the brain

Question 2

activational effects

Answer 2

hormones shape our behavior later in life

Question 3

reproductive behaviors

Answer 3

to successfully reproduce
different for males and females
varies by species

Question 4

attraction

Answer 4

based on:
quality features
facial symmetry
physical health

Question 5

motivation

Answer 5

desire to engage

Question 6

copulation

Answer 6

ability to execute behaviors

Question 7

receptivity

Answer 7

willing to mate

Question 8

postcopulation

Answer 8

time
familiarity
rewarding aspects reinforced

Question 9

steroid

Answer 9

lipophilic
derived from cholesterol
has nuclear and membrane receptors

Question 10

nuclear hormone receptors

Answer 10

dimerized and goes to nucleus
effects DNA to make proteins
slow effects

Question 11

membrane hormone receptors

Answer 11

acts on receptor in membrane
faster effects

Question 12

peptide hormones

Answer 12

amino acide string
not lipophilic
eg: oxytocin & Luteinizing hormone

Question 13

amine hormone

Answer 13

modified single amino acid
not lipophilic
eg: epinephrine

Question 14

birth control, abortion pill, inhibin B

Answer 14

use negative feedback for desired outcome

Question 15

puberty

Answer 15

fertility is active
elevated pituitary hormones
secondary sex characteristics develop

Question 16

male brain areas

Answer 16

MPOA
copulatory behaviors and aspects of motivation
ERs and ARs

Question 17

female brain areas

Answer 17

VMH
copulatory behaviors and motivation
many ERs

Question 18

CAH

Answer 18

XX
produces too much androgens
more likely to be attracted to women
female internal organs
more male like external organds

Question 19

ARS

Answer 19

XY
nonfunctional AR
have testes
No internal system
female like brain
externally female

Question 20

eggs at 12

Answer 20

no T to DHT conversion
have T & testes
male like inside
female like outside
partly male like outside after puberty

Question 21

social agression

Answer 21

aimed at a conspecific (same species)

Question 22

predatory agression

Answer 22

for getting food

Question 23

maternal agression

Answer 23

to protected children from threats

Question 24

sexual agression

Answer 24

to engage in a sexual encounter (sexual assult)

Question 25

self agression

Answer 25

against ones self

Question 26

agression

Answer 26

intention of a hostile act towards another

Question 27

predatory/instrumental (cold)

Answer 27

premeditated goal-oriented unemotional

Question 28

impulsive (hot)

Answer 28

reaction to provocative stimulus that produces fear/anger

Question 29

in animals increased T

Answer 29

corresponds with mating season and increased aggression

Question 30

synthetic P in prenatal exposure

Answer 30

acted like T in body lead to more aggression

Question 31

role of serotonin in aggression

Answer 31

more serotonin less aggression

Question 32

cortical areas

Answer 32

inhibit aggression inhibits subcortical structures

Question 33

hypothalamus (VMH)

Answer 33

electrical stimulus leads to stem rage

Question 34

hypothalamus and amygdala

Answer 34

optogenetic stimulation leads to aggression in mice

Question 35

psychopaths

Answer 35

reduced activity in PFC an area regulated by serotonin

Question 36

stress

Answer 36

when threat outweighs resources weight of wear and tear caused by life

Question 37

acute stress

Answer 37

on/off quickly

Question 38

chronic stress

Answer 38

seemingly never ending

Question 39

eustress

Answer 39

good stress

Question 40

cortisol...

Answer 40

mobilizes glucose stores for energy anti-inflammatory

Question 41

hippocampus in acute stress

Answer 41

inhibits stress hormone release stops hypothalamus

Question 42

if stress goes on too long...

Answer 42

hippocampus gets fucked up

Question 43

consequences of stress

Answer 43

increased BP reproductive health issues sleep difficulties lower immunity weight loss/gain ulcers

Question 44

the amygdala...

Answer 44

gets longer/more complex dendrites w/ chronic stress increases stress even more

Question 45

T suppresses stress hormones

Answer 45

E elevates them

Question 46

amygdala and depression

Answer 46

over active when processing emotional stimuli more in tune to negative emotions

Question 47

prefrontal cortex and depression

Answer 47

over active when processing cognitive stimuli

Question 48

anterior congulate, posterior temporal & parietal cortex

Answer 48

implicated in attention under active

Question 49

hippocampus and depression

Answer 49

smaller volume less active during memory tasks

Question 50

brain areas and depression

Answer 50

corrilational connection

Question 51

dexamethlinasine suppression test

Answer 51

uses synthetic cortisol to test negative feedback of HPA axis

Question 52

ECT

Answer 52

intentional induction of large scale seizures fast relief seen as last resort causes memory loss

Question 53

Mono Amine Oxidase inhibitor

Answer 53

inhibits breakdown of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine toxic reactions: diet restrictions

Question 54

Tricycles

Answer 54

trape monoamines at synapse elevates noradrenaline (risky for heart) higher abuse liability

Question 55

SSRI

Answer 55

traps more serotonin at synapse safer but has suicide risk in young adults neurogenesis in rats = neural connectivity (bigger hippocampus)

Question 56

cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 56

better than SSRI alone for reducing likely hood pf relapse

Question 57

deep brain stimulation

Answer 57

cause infections and headaches

Question 58

transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer 58

treats depression and schizophrenia minimal side effects

Question 59

ketamine

Answer 59

abuse potential FDA approved