Exam 3

Question 1

what is I/O psychology?

Answer 1

characterized by the scientific study of human behavior in organizations and the workplace.

Question 2

Industrial

Answer 2

concerned with describing job requirements and assessing individuals for their ability to meet those requirements.

Question 3

Organizational

Answer 3

a discipline interested in how the relationships among employees affect those employees and the performance of a business.

Question 4

Human Factors

Answer 4

the study of how workers interact with the tools of work and how to design those tools to optimize workers’ productivity, safety, and health

Question 5

What impacts job satisfaction?

Answer 5

it’s impacted by the work itself, our personality, and the culture we come from and live in.

Question 6

How is job satisfaction measured?

Answer 6

typically measured after a change in an organization, such as a shift in the management model, to assess how the change affects employees.

Question 7

what is the strongest predictor of job satisfaction?

Answer 7

the work-content factor

Question 8

in I/O psychology, what is the work-content factor?

Answer 8

it includes, variety, difficulty level, and role clarity of the job

Question 9

Why should we care about job satisfaction?

Answer 9

it furthers the goals of the organization

Question 10

work-family balance

Answer 10

juggling the demands of work life with the demands of home life

Question 11

performance appraisals

Answer 11

evaluation of an employee’s success or lack of success at performing the duties of the job

Question 12

job analyses

Answer 12

accurately describing the task or job

Question 13

criteria for abnormal behavior

Answer 13

• deviant (atypical or statistically unusual)
• maladaptive (disrupts daily life)
• personally distressful (they find it troubling for a long time)

Question 14

various approaches to psychological disorders

Answer 14

biological, psychological, and sociocultural

Question 15

under the biopsychosocial model which psychological approach is most important?

Answer 15

spiritual

Question 16

benefits to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel (DSM)

Answer 16

it now has a longer list of disorders

Question 17

what are some criticisms to DSM

Answer 17

relies too much on social norms and judgements

Question 18

in the context of psychological disorders, what are risk factors

Answer 18

characteristics, experiences, or exposures that increase the likelihood that a person will develop a psychological disorder

Question 19

Applied Behavior analysis

Answer 19

the use of operant conditioning principles to change human behavior

Question 20

a person diagnosed with an anxiety disorder will experience…

Answer 20

constant and unsubstantiated worry that causes significant distress

Question 21

different types of anxiety and anxiety related disorders

Answer 21

general anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety, specific phobias, and separation anxiety disorder

Question 22

basic diagnosis criteria for anxiety disorders

Answer 22

motor tension, hyperactivity, and apprehensive expectations and thoughts

Question 23

basic diagnosis criteria of PTSD

Answer 23

flashbacks, emotional numbness, inability to sleep or excessive arousal reactions, difficulties with memory and concentration, impulsive behavior

Question 24

different types of mood disorders

Answer 24

major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, substance-induced mood disorder, bipolar disorder

Question 25

basic criteria of mood disorders

Answer 25

signs and symptoms of depression, signs of mania (bipolar)

Question 26

basic diagnosis criteria of narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 26

- fragile self esteem - need for attention - delusions of grandeur - sense of entitlement - exaggeration of achievements

Question 27

different types of eating disorders

Answer 27

anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder

Question 28

basic diagnosis criteria of eating disorders

Answer 28

- anorexia: significantly low body weight - bulimia: depression & anxiety - binge-eating: overweight or obesity

Question 29

what psychological disorder has the highest mortality rate?

Answer 29

anorexia nervosa

Question 30

What influence does the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system have on our ability to cope with stress?

Answer 30

triggers our fight or flight response

Question 31

What is Eustress? What function does it serve?

Answer 31

stress you feel when you are excited or motivated - good

Question 32

What are the 4 stages of general adaption syndrome?

Answer 32

1. alarm 2. resistance 3. exhaustion 4. normal level

Question 33

Stage 1: Alarm

Answer 33

temporary state of shock where resistance to illness and stress falls low

Question 34

Stage 2: Resistance

Answer 34

glands throughout the body manufacture hormones that protect you

Question 35

Stage 3: Exhaustion

Answer 35

If the all out attempt to combat stress fails and the stress persists, the body becomes exhausted

Question 36

What is the difference between acute and chronic stress?

Answer 36

acute: very short chronic: long-term

Question 37

What are coping skills?

Answer 37

the way we respond to feelings of stress, anxiety & depression

Question 38

Can these be learned?

Answer 38

yes

Question 39

What role do adaptive coping skills play?

Answer 39

they increase our resilience and ability to manage stress

Question 40

What makes a coping skill maladaptive?

Answer 40

behaviors and activities that manage difficulty in the short term but end up increasing pain and suffering in the long term

Question 41

Neurologically, why is it important to practice adaptive coping skills?

Answer 41

because we learn how to healthily deal with stresses and problems in our lives.

Question 42

Why is substance use a dangerous coping mechanism?

Answer 42

because it is not regulated by a doctor, could become addicted, etc.

Question 43

How do different substances act differently in the brain?

Answer 43

- stimulants: excite or speed up - depressants: inhibit or slow down - hallucinogens: impair reality

Question 44

What are the goals of the community resilience model?

Answer 44

to help people widen the Resilient Zone in order to prevent hijacking and to maintain balance

Question 45

Be able to identify and describe the 6 different skills of the Community Resilience Model

Answer 45

tracking, resourcing, help now! shift and stay, gesturing, grounding

Question 46

What is the area of psychology that integrates science and theory to prevent and treat psychological disorders?

Answer 46

clinical psychology

Question 47

Identify and describe the different approaches to treating psychological disorders

Answer 47

psychological, biological & sociocultural

Question 48

What are the benefits of talking to a therapist vs a friend?

Answer 48

therapist is a trained specialist to help people. a friend is more like venting, not always confidential

Question 49

What type of mental health professional is qualified to prescribe drugs for psychological disorders?

Answer 49

a psychiatrist

Question 50

What does research say about the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Answer 50

it says yes, it is effective.

Question 51

What is the criteria for something to be considered an evidence-based practice?

Answer 51

clinical experience, patient preference, research evidence

Question 52

What is the therapeutic alliance? Why is it important?

Answer 52

the relationship between the therapist and the client - important element of successful psychotherapy

Question 53

What is Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique called?

Answer 53

psychoanalysis

Question 54

What is the main goal of psychoanalysis?

Answer 54

to bring unconscious conflicts into conscious awareness

Question 55

What do psychodynamic therapies emphasize?

Answer 55

early childhood experiences, therapeutic interpretations

Question 56

What do humanistic therapies emphasize?

Answer 56

conscious thoughts in the present, self-healing, personal growth

Question 57

What do behavioral therapies emphasize?

Answer 57

over behavior change rather than insights into self or the underlying cause

Question 58

What do cognitive therapies emphasize?

Answer 58

thoughts are the main source of psychological problems, how we think controls how we feel

Question 59

What does systematic desensitization involve?

Answer 59

apply relaxation while imagining fearful scenes

Question 60

What is aversive conditioning and when can it be an effective treatment?

Answer 60

pairing undesirable behavior with punishment to change the behavior