Exam 3 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Acute pain
Abrupt onset and lasting a short time
Neuropathic pain
Occurs from an abnormal processing of sensory stimuli by the central or peripheral of nervous system
Nociceptive pain
Arises from mechanical, thermal, or chemical noxious stimuli
Can be somatic or visceral
Persistent pain
Chronic pain that has been present for three months or longer
What is comfort?
Defined as a release from suffering, free from pain
Comfort is a relevant term
Comfort varies among individuals
Factors threatening comfort increase with age
What is pain?
Greatest threat to comfort
Unpleasant sensory, and emotional experience
Is subjective and relies on a persons perception
Pain in older adults
-Predominant and older population
-One in for suffer day long bouts of pain
-Low back pain is most common
-Severe joint pain increases with age
Types of pain
Nociceptive
Neuropathic
Nociceptive
Mechanical, thermal, and chemical pain
Neuropathic pain
Abnormal processing of sensory stimuli by central or peripheral nervous system’s
Sharp, stabbing, tingling, burning, onset of high intensity
Nociceptive (somatic) pain
Bone or soft, tissue masses, localized, throbbing, aching
Nociceptive (visceral) pain
Disorders that cause generalized referred pain, deep, aching
Pain perception
Need to understand each patient unique pain experience
Complications of unrelieved pain
Limited mobility
Pressure ulcers
Pneumonia
Constipation
Poor appetite
Depression
Spiritual distress
Tools for pain assessment
Numeric rating scale
Visual analog scale
McGill Pain Questionnaire
Types of pain management approach
Goals need to be realistic, specific, and achievable
Need to identify underlying cause of pain
Type of pain management therapies
Medication
Patient education and counseling
Need of nursing knowledge for uses and contradictions as well as licensing requirements
Foods to avoid
Animal products
High fat dairy products
Egg yolk
Beef fat
Corn
Sunflower
Soy bean
Peanut oil
White flower
Sugar
Junk food
Medication management
-Start slow and go slow
-Trial nonopioids prior to opioids
-Use narcotics cautiously
-Adjuvant medication‘s may benefit
Acetaminophen
Most commonly used with older adults
Nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs
Ibuprofen
Opioids used for moderate to severe pain
Morphine
Fentanyl patches
Medication’s that are contraindicated with older adults
Propoxyphene
Pentazocine
What is injury?
And act that results in harm
