Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A&P > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(113 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

R to L shunt

A

Perfusion w/ no ventilation
V/Q = 0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alveolar DS

A

Ventilation w/ no perfusion
V/Q = infinity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anatomical DS formula

A

1ml/pound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

alveolar ds PO2

A

150mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Alveolar ds PCO2

A

0.04 %

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Alveolar PO2 post equilibration

A

104 mmhg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Alveolar PCO2 post equilibration

A

40 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

LaPlace law

A

P=T/r……smaller r = increased pressure but surfactant negates this.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

normal nitrogen washout

A

healthy lungs should be able to get nitrogen to a concentration of 2.5% in 3 min.

more than 7 = abnormal test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Closing capacity

A

closing volume + RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Venous O2

A

40mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Venous Co2

A

45mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PaO2 post equilibration

A

100 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PaCO2 post equilibration

A

40mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nitrogen Partial pressure in atm

A

600.3 = 79%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Oxygen Partial pressure in atm

A

159 = 21%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CO2 partial pressure in atm

A

0.3mmhg = 0.04%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PIN2

A

564 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PIO2

A

149 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PICO2

A

0.3mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PIH2O

A

47mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

PAO2 post equilibration

A

104 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

PACO2 post equilibration

A

40 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

PAN2 post equilibration

A

569 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
PAH20
47mmHg
26
FRC top vs bottom lung volumes
Top = PTP +8.5 cmH2O, 60% full Bottom= +1.5 cmH2O, 25% full
27
RV top vs bottom lung volumes
Top = PTP +2.2 chH2O, 30% full Bottom = PTP -4.8 cmH20, 20% full
28
PTP equation
PTP = PA - PIP PER = PA - PIP
29
tidal volume equation
VT = VD + VA Vt = VE
30
capacity changes with age
TLC = Same IC = same VC = decreases RV = increases Closing capacity = increases
31
Age that FRC is the same as closing capacity
50 / 55 yo = collapse with every breath = increased work of breathing
32
lungs empty fastest at what volumes
fastest at high lung volumes
33
how much air is moved with forced exp flow rate
expires 80% of VC in one second
34
problem with fixed obstruction
problem on inspiration and expiration ett
35
problem with variable intrathoracic obstruction
problem on forced expiration inspiration; Paw > PIP expiration Paw < PIP collapsed small airways
36
Problem with variable extrathoracic obstruction
problem on forced inspiration inspiration; paw< Patm expiration; paw > patm paralyzed vocal cords
37
Reason for blip on variable intrathoracic obstruction
lungs are fulls and airways are open so we are able to get a little air out before the airways collapse
38
Best way to keep PCO2 steady
adjust VT rather than RR
39
MI will do what to ETCO2
decrease
40
Oxygen Solubility coefficient/ factor
per Dl of solun; 0.003 mL O2 / mmhg PO2 100 mmhg of Oxygen = fit 0.3 ml of O2 into a dL of blood.
41
normal hbg/ hct
15g/dl hct = 0.4
42
oxygen carrying capacity for 1 gram of hbg
1.34 mlO2/gram of hb
43
causes of R shift
high co2 high temp low pH high 2,3 DPG reduced hb affinity
44
Cause of L shift
fetal hb low temp low co2 high pH low DPG increased hb affinity
45
BPG names
bisphosphoglycerate diphosphoglycerate biphosphoglyceric Acid
46
"ate" =
acid
47
average body temp
37C
48
Myoglobin
present in skm has iron and binds to oxygen
49
what is the P50
Po2 value that corresponds to hb being 50% saturated by oxygen
50
normal arterial PO2 P50 value
26.5 mmHg
51
CO2 solubility coefficient
dl of blood 0.06 ml of CO2 / mmhg
52
what does carbonic anhydrase do
the enzyme that takes water from carbonic acid
53
dominant carbamine formation compound in the blood
hbg
54
what is a strong base
Things that like to accommodate a proton, it accommodates easily = strong base deoxyhb
55
What is a strong acid
Things that readily donate protons easily oxyhb
56
henrys law
partial pressure and solubility determine the amount of gas in solution
57
Bohr Effect
Acceleration of oxygen unloading form Hb; Co2, protons, ph, temp ....generate a R shift when blood delivered to peripheral tissues
58
Haldane effect
deoxygenated blood has more room for CO2 vs oxygenated blood. Take out one gas = make more room for other gasses.
59
when does nitrous equilibrate
nitrous equilibrates between the two comparments about 10% of the way into the pulm cap bv
60
oxygen molecular wt
16g/mol o2 = 32
61
mw of carbon
12g/mol Co2 = 44
62
hbA subunits
4 chains, each with an iron 2 alpha and 2 beta chains
63
HbF subunits
2 alpha and 2 gamma affinity controlled at by the gamma
64
Sickle hb subunits (sickle dz)
2 alpha, 2 dysfunctional sickle beta subunits
65
Sickle hb subunits (sickle trait)
2 alpha 1 sickle beta 1 normal beta
66
RBC life span
120 days/ 4 months
67
sickle dz rbc life time
10-20 days
68
treatment for sickle cell dz
1) transfusion 2) induce fetal hb w/ hydroxyurea
69
sickle cell dz causes resistance to.....
malaria
70
the version of hb that binds to oxygen
Fe++ = Ferrous iron
71
redox rxn on hb
redox rxn leads to Fe+++ = Ferric iron cant transport oxygen oxidation = + charges added increased free radicles = oxidative stress
72
Ferric to ferrous iron by....
methemoglobin reductase reduction rxn = add (-) charges
73
things that promote conversion of ferrous to ferric iron
NO donors and sulfonamides/ general patho
74
HBA1C
adult hb w/ sugar attached to the 1C position = less capable of delivering o2 to tissues
75
PEO2
120 mmHg= 15.79%
76
PECO2
27mmHg= 3.55%
77
PEN2
566mmHg= 74.47 %
78
PEH2O
47mmHg
79
VAA on HPV
VAA decrease HPV
80
cardiac output with paco2 changes
decreased paco2 = decreased co increased paco2 = increased co
81
name of bag that collects expired air
douglas bag
82
SvO2
hbg saturation of oxygen in venous blood....if PO2 is 40, SvO2 = 60 ish
83
Normal FEV1
80% of 4.5 = 3.6 large and overall behavior of the lungs
84
FEF 25-75
slope of line between two time frames = health of small airways
85
Pathologic value for FEV1/FVC
<70%
86
Chemoreceptors are in the carotid and aortic _______
bodies baro eceptors = sinuses
87
parts of the brainstem
Top; midbrain/ mesencelphalon middle; pons Bottom; medulla
88
Main medullary controllers of breathing are in the......
DRG and VRG
89
Bots control....
Respiratory rate
90
Central chemoreceptors respond to
CO2, pH and H+ not oxygen
91
Length of trachea
11-13 cm, +2 cm when extended= dec internal diameter
92
R main bronchus length
2 cm; vertical
93
L main bronchus lenth
5 cm; horizontal
94
The primary driver of peripheral chemoreceptors
PCO2
95
diameter of trachea
index finger
96
Larynx cartilage
Circoid Thyroid Epilogottis
97
narrowest place for <10 yo peds pts
circoid cart
98
the narrowest place for adults
Vocal cords
99
Space between the epiglottis and the back of the tongue
vallecula
100
Tonsils
pharyngeal tonsils lingual tonsils- base of the tongue palatine tonsils
101
Canal connected to the ears to maintain equilibrium
Eustachian tube, pharyngotypmanic tube
102
conchas/ turbinates
inferior concha middle concha-ethmoid superior concha- ethmoid
103
What divides the septum/ middle of the nose
Vomer
104
Majority of the nose blood supply
external carotid artery
105
Largest cranial nerve in the head
Trigeminal nerve; CN5
106
salivary glands
Parotid- under ear/ cheek submandibular sublingual
107
CN5 branches
V1; ophthalmic branch V2; maxillary branch V3; mandibular branch
108
Innervation for the back of the tongue
Glossyphayngeal; CN9
109
Innervation for the back of the oral pharynx and trachea
epiglottis; vagus nerve; CN10
110
Hard pallet innervations
maxillary V2 branch via the palatine nerve
111
Nerve for taste on the anterior part of the tongue
CNVII; routes around the ear
112
Nerve for somatic sensation on the anterior part of the tongue
CNV3
113
Crista Galli
place that our connective tissues anchor to the front lower part of the base of the skull flax cerebri (connective tissue layer that sep the L and R hemi)

A&P (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions