Exam 3 Flashcards
(32 cards)
This can be used to determine if genetic variation is due to crossing over or independent assortment
Chi-Square Analysis
An organism that has n exact multiple of chromosomal sets, i.e. all sets have the same number of chromosomes
Euploid
an organism with an abnormal variation in the chromosome number, i.e. not an exact multiple, ex 2n+1
Aneuploid
this is another term for a chromosome
Linkage group
this is the term for when a single gene has multiple effects on a phenotype
polyploidy
occurrence of cells that are polypoid in an otherwise diploid animal, ex. human liver cells
Endopolyploidy
when two or more genes are physically closer to one another on a chromosome
Synteny
Metacentric
centromere in the middle of chromosome
Subsentric
centromere slightly off center of chromosome
Acrocentric
Centromere signifigantly off ceneter of chromosome
Telocentric
Centromere is at the end of the chromosome
The Law of Independent Assortment does not apply to
linked genes
if an organism has 84 autosomal chromosomes, how many autosomal linkage groups does it have?
84
if you are looking at a dihybrid cross with a phenotype ratio of 10:2:5:4, what would the null hypothesis be for a Cho-square analysis?
9:3:3:1
Suppose an individual with PKU avoids phenylalanine in their diet and as an adult has no physical issues or disabilities presenting from the disorder, such as seizures, delays in social skills, small head size, etc. Does this individual have a low or high expressivity of the gene causing the disorder?
low expressivity
if a heterozygote of a particular trait is more fit, AKA has an advantage over, either homozygous genotype, this is an example of what?
Overdominace
Incomplete dominance results in what?
Heterozygotes are intermediates of the two alleles
What causes over-dominance?
Two alleles producing slightly different products.
Flamboyant tail feathers are a sex-linked trait in male peacocks. If the mother peacock (ZW) and the father peacock (ZZ) mate and have 50% male offspring and 50% female offspring, what percent of offspring will display the trait?
50%
Suppose H is a lethal allele that leads to early embryonic death, while h is the wild-type allele. If mom (Hh) mates with dad (hh), what percent of living offspring will carry the lethal allele?
0%
What type of non-mendelian inheritance does not persist for generations, but is rather altered in one individual via DNA methylation?
Genomic imprinting
What type of non-mendelian inheritance results in an offspring’s genotype not affecting its phenotype?
Maternal effect pattern
True or False: genes that are close together are more likely to be affected by crossing over than those that are further apart.
false
If there are only a few recombinant offspring in an F2 generation, the genes being mapped must be
close together
