Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Abnormal psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

(110 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What kind of disorders are now considered the most prevalent in our culture?

A

Anxiety disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the reasons for such a high level of anxiety in our culture?

A

economy, disordered sense of time, pressure to perform well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the ratio of anxiety disorders between women and men?

A

2:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

People who are genetically prone to anxiety have a higher ____ and stronger _____

A

resting baseline and stronger reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the types of nurture that can cause anxiety disorders?

A

trauma, loss, models

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Repeated experiences of threat can sensitize the ____

A

amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two major levels of symptoms for anxiety?

A

Cognitive and physiological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is included on the cognitive level symptoms?

A

confusion, disorganization, selective attention/memory, hypervigilance, “crazy/dying” feeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is included on the physiological symptoms of anxiety?

A

sympathetic arousal/HPA pathway, muscle and organ symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the most relevant brain structures in terms of anxiety?

A

Limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, pituitary gland, amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which brain structure is about threat?

A

amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What brain structure is about memory?

A

Hippocampus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What brain structure is a relay system for sensory stuff?

A

Thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What two structures monitor the endocrine system?

A

hypothalamus and pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the most relevant neurotransmitters?

A

GABA, serotonin, norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What kinds of drugs deal with GABA?

A

Benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the pros of benzodiazepines?

A

fast acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the cons of benzos?

A

dependency risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do benzos do?

A

increase GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What kinds of evidence-based treatments are available for anxiety?

A

education, cognitive restructuring, breath retraining, systematic desensitization, exposure and response prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why are women more likely to get anxiety?

A

Pushed farther, wage gap, being caretakers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

OCD has strong association with what?

A

depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is anhedonia?

A

emotionally dull, lack of pleasure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is comorbid with depression and anxiety?

A

substance abuse, panic, OCD, eating disorders and social phobias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Why is it hard to determine if somebody has depression or schizophrenia?
Hallucinations from schizo can have a depressive state to them
26
What are the DSM-5 diagnosises for major depressive disorder?
Strong mood of depression for more than 2 weeks, change in functioning, and social or occupational functioning
27
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?
severe disruption in child or adolescent's family and peer relationships with a low frustration tolorance
28
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder the DSM's attempt to say?
children can have mood disorders but it's not MDD or bipolar
29
What is persistant depressive disorder?
depressed mood most days for at least 2 years
30
What are the final 3 depressive disorders?
premenstrual dysphoric disorder, substance/medication-induced depressive disorder, depressive disorder due to another medical condition
31
What does dopamine effect?
subcortical tracts; pleasure and motivation
32
What does Ach and GABA influence?
emotional energy and stress related symptoms
33
What depressive disorder is now it's own group in DSM-5?
Bipolar disorder
34
What is Mania?
elevated, expansive, or irritable mood up to 3 months' duration
35
What is hypomanic behavior?
manic-type moods for 4 days or more, not causing significant impairment
36
What is at a huge risk for suicide?
hypomania
37
Why is hypomania so at risk for suicide?
they realize how out of control they are, have optimism that suicide will be successful
38
What is Bipolar 1?
Complete depressive and manic episodes, rapid cycling
39
What is bipolar 2?
Full depressive with hypomanic, anxiety and somatization
40
What is the highest risk group for suicide?
bipolar 2
41
What people can be charming and seductive?
bipolar 2
42
What is another name for persistent depressive disorder?
cyclothymia
43
What is cyclothymia kind of like?
bipolar light
44
What is persistent depressive disorder?
almost continuous low-level depression for 2 or more years
45
What is parasuicidal behavior?
hurting oneself, not neccessarily "pre-suicidal"
46
What is parasuicidal behavior associated with?
dissociative sx, body dysmorphia, eating disorders, and BPD
47
parasuicidal behavior is a nonverbal way of expressing what?
depression or distress
48
What is the highest risk group for suicide?
elderly white men and young adults
49
What are the risk factors for suicide?
age, loss of parent before 13, social isolation, pain, substance abuse, health problems, loss, unemployment, history of previous attempts, depression, schizophrenia, access to weapon
50
Why is persistent pain a risk factor?
depression turns up the volume on pain
51
Alcohol is a factor in ____ of suicides
1/3
52
What are some protective factors against suicides?
religious involvement, marriage, and social supports
53
What is the QPR model?
Question, persuade, refer
54
How do you question a person about suicide?
directly or indirectly, ease into it, do it privately
55
How do you persuade somebody?
express concern and support
56
Who do you refer them to?
family, hospital, or police
57
What are the disorders of appetite?
eating, substance, and sexual disorders
58
What has the highest fatality rate of major psychiatric disorders?
anorexia nervosa
59
reducing food intake can reduce what hormone?
serotonin
60
What kinds of personalities develop anorexia?
compulsive, perfectionistic, conscientious personality
61
What must be improved first before meds are introduced?
BMI
62
What BMI is considered anorexic?
below 17
63
What kinds of organ damage can occur from anorexia?
kidneys shut down, heart attacks
64
What is bulemia nervosa hard on?
teeth, esophogus, GI, electrolytes
65
How many times a day might bulemics vomit?
12-30
66
Who is usually the first to notice that a person is bulemic?
dentist
67
What do bulemics respond to?
SSRIs and psychotherapy
68
What is "binge eating disorder"?
binging without purging
69
disordered eating occurs _____ in males
10%
70
What is comorbid with disordered eating in males
compulsive exercising and/or muscle dysmorphobia
71
How did DSM-4 refer to substances?
Drug use vs drug abuse
72
How does DSM-5 refer to substances?
Substance intoxication vs Substance use disorder
73
What is substance use disorder?
When it's creating problems for you but you keep using it anyway
74
What kind of addiction does cannibis cause?
pleasure addiction
75
There are ____ crimes from cannibis users than alcohol
less
76
What can cannabis make symptoms worse of?
schizophrenia and autism
77
What are the four major classes of drugs?
depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, Cannabis
78
Which withdrawal is the nastiest?
stimulant
79
What causes a high risk of stroke or seizure when you crash?
amphetamine psychosis
80
What is HPPD?
psychosis caused by hallucinogen use that never leaves
81
What does a hallucinogen do?
mix senses (smell sounds), never know how they'll hit you each time
82
Cannabis used to be considered what?
a mild hallucinogen
83
What is the rising prevalence of cannabis associated with?
rising levels of THC potency
84
What does cannabis impact?
memory, sensorimotor, concentration, motivation and appetite
85
What are synergistic effects?
exponential effects when two drugs interact
86
What is AA?
a disease model, 24/7, mentor, belief in a higher power
87
What kind of cognitive-behavioral techniques can be used for substance abuse?
controlled use, A-B-Cs of behavioral skills
88
Why are you more likely to become addicted to a substance if you have it before 15?
Your brain insert's it into it's "normal behavior", and you are fighting your brain's idea of "normal" by not doing the drug
89
What are the 2 categories of sexual disorders?
dysfunctions and paraphilias
90
What are two sexual dysfunctions for males and females regarding arousal?
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder, female sexual interest/arousal disorder
91
What do the sexual desire disorders involve?
lack of interest/activity
92
sexual desire disorders could be due to...
hormones, illness, meds, anxiety, anger, aging
93
What is the most common sexual arousal disorder?
erectile disorder
94
What can cause sexual arousal disorders?
marital stress, financial worries, depression, alcohol abuse
95
What are sexual arousal disorders in women associated with?
orgasmic disorder
96
What can cause female orgasmic disorder?
medical problems, hormones, meds, early loss of parent or unaffectionate parents
97
What are some tx for female orgasmic disorder?
slow down, get familiar with own body
98
What are two types of genito-pelvic pain disorder?
vaginismus, dyspareunia
99
What is vaginismus?
contraction and expectation of pain
100
What is dyspareunia?
genetal pain during sex
101
What kind of sex therapy can help with dysfunctions?
structured, multimodal, cognitive-behavioral
102
What kind of cognitive restructuring can help with sex therapy?
expectations and pressure
103
What will a sex therapy also encourage?
other sexual actions such as cuddling and kissing
104
Who usually end up with paraphilias?
young males who grow out of it
105
What are the types of paraphilias?
fetishistic disorder, exhibitionistic disorder, voyeuristic, frotteuristic, pedophilic, masochistic, sadistic
106
What is exhibitionism reinforced by?
reaction of people.
107
Frotteuristic is rare after what age?
25 years old
108
Hermaphroditic babies are usually assigned as what?
female
109
What is the ratio of gender dysphoria disorders?
2:1 male to female
110
What should you do with a germaphroditic baby?
raise gender neutral

Abnormal psychology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions