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Oc anatomy 3 > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Vertical vs horizontal
name the function and cells

A

Vertical
- transmit signal
-Photoreceptors
-Bipolar
-Ganglion
-“Peanut Butter Gelly”

horizontal
-modify signals
-horizontal
-amacrine

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2
Q

which one is is more abundant in number
ganglion or photoreceptors

A

photoreceptors - 100 million
ganglion - 1 million

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3
Q

what layers of the LGN are contralateral and ipsilateral

A

1 C
2 I
3 I
4 C
5 I
6 C

See I, I see, I see

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4
Q

each layer of the LGN receives input from what

LGN controls one hemifield

A

1 ganglion cells

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5
Q

where is true binocular vision found

A

visual cortex

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6
Q

inferior visual field goes to which gyrus

superior visual field goes to which gyrus

A

inferior - cuneus gyrus

superior - lingual gyrus

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7
Q

name the location of the brain that is affected for A and B

A

A. temporal
B. parietal

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8
Q

if there is damage to the superior temporal damage along the horizontal raphe what kind of defect would be present on a visual field test

A

inferior nasal step

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9
Q

inferior damage to the temporal nerve fibers causes what kind of defect on the visual field test

A

superior arcuate

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10
Q

defect located near fixation shows what kind of defect on visual field test

A

paracentral

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11
Q

describe what cortical blindness is caused by
VA looks like
how it presents in clinic

A

35% stroke
20% Coronary Artery bypass graft (CABG)

VA can be CF or worse
Pt may present normal in clinic with normal pupils

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12
Q

describe what charles bonnet syndrome is caused by
VA looks like
how it presents in clinic

A

pt having hullicinations that last minutes to hours without cognitive impairment

sensory deprivation to V1

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13
Q

what are eli peli prisms

A

they are prisms used for people with visual field defects

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14
Q

whats wider and darker
veins or arteries

A

veins

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15
Q

where does dot blot hemes occur

A

deep capillary bed in the inner nuclear layer

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16
Q

about what percent of people have SPV

A

81%

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17
Q

whats the normal AV ratio

A

2:3 or 3:4

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18
Q

what is the average width of central retinal vein

what is the clinical relevance for this

A

125 microns

drusen larger than this indicates end stage AMD

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19
Q

Parvo or Magnocellular?

excited by 1 wavelength

transient response
large receptive field
sensitive to high spatial frequency
slow transmission

A

excited by 1 wavelength
-parvo

transient response
-magno

large receptive field
-magno

sensitive to high spatial frequency
-parvo

slow transmission
-parvo

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20
Q

Which is under autonomic control

retina or choroid

A

choroid only

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21
Q

DM affects this cell around capillaries

A

pericytes contractile cells around capillaries

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22
Q

Name the retinal blood supply

A

outer 1/3 is choroid
inner 2/3 is CRA
- two capillary beds
1. deep Inner nuclear layer - dot blot heme
2. superficial RNFL - flame heme

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23
Q

ophthalmic artery comes from what artery

A

ICA

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24
Q

what major vessels are in cavernous sinus

A

3 4 V1 V2 internal carotid

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25
what supplies 90 % of blood supply to orbit adnexa globe
ICA ophthalmic artery
26
what dz associated with cherry red spot and pale fundus
CRAO
27
where does the central retinal artery enter the optic nerve
1 cm posterior to globe
28
Long vs short ciliary artery what doe each form long is located in what space
long - MACI located in suprachoroidal space short- circle of zinn
29
AION is caused by what what defect does it cause
low or no blood through ciliary arteries to ONH altitudinal VF defect
30
MACI is formed by what
anterior ciliary art and Long posterior ciliary art
31
name 3 branches of ECA
superficial temporal maxillary > infra orbital facial
32
inf or superior vein which one is the largest? which one receives blood from CRV? which one drains into the pterygoid venous plexus
inf or superior vein which one is the largest? superior which one receives blood from CRV? -superior which one drains into the pterygoid venous plexus -inferior
33
vortex veins drain into? how many are there?
drain into superior and inferior ophthalmic artery 4 or 5 of them
34
CRV exits ON where
1 cm behind lamina cribosa
35
Cavernous sinus drains into what
the petrosal sinuses then to internal jugular v
36
what is a carotid cavernous sinus fistula what sx
abn communication between artery and venous supply corkskre BV increased IOP no systemic implication proptosis
37
name flow of artery filling with fluorecein angiography
ICA > ophthalmic art? posterior ciliary >central retinal art
38
name phases of fluorecein angiography
C- choroidal flush 10 seconds (check BRB) A - arterial filling E - early venous filling A - arterial -venous filling L - late venous filling R - recirculation
39
Cotton wool spots are located in what layer
RNFL
40
what retinal dz is associated with "blood and thunder"
CRVO
41
the eye first appears at what day along the what? forms what from what embronic tissue
day 22 diencephalon> neural tube> optic stalk optic vesicle
42
what muscle appear first what muscle appears next
muscles inv by nerve 3 LR SO
43
at birth K is usually how many D
50
44
does anterior chamber form during embryonic or fetal
fetal
45
trabecular meshwork is made of what
neural crest
46
schlemms canal is made of what
mesoderm mesenchyme
47
anterior chamber -ciliary body and iris epithelium is made from what
anterior section of optic cup
48
iris stroma is made of what emb tissue
neural crest
49
sphincter and dilator made of what emb tissue
neuroectoderm
50
Trab mesh work made of ciliary body made of what emb tissue
neural crest cells neuroectoderm
51
what seperates and extend the angle during emb devel
trab and ciliary body
52
what continues to slide backward for one year after birth? what tissue are they made of
ciliary body (neuroectoderm) and iris (neuroectoderm and stroma is made of neural crest cells)
53
ciliary body is made from what embr tissue what about ciliary muscle
ciliary body is made of neuroectoderm ciliary muscle is made of neural crest cells
54
causes of congental GLC
1. premature cessation of angle devel 2. disruption of differentiation of TM 3. TM strands are too thick and strong holding angles shut tx with surgery 7-8 mo gestation
55
what happens after lens vesicle detaches ? what does this form
surface ectoderm invaginates again after lens vesicle detatches and forms cornea and eye lids
56
basal lamina of the surface ectoderm lies on the outer lens vesicle and then becomes the
capsule of the lens
57
what cells migrate to the equator to form lens
anterior cellsi
58
Lens formation happens during what phase embryonic or fetal
embryonic
59
anterior chamber formation happens during what phase embryonic or fetal
fetal
60
infection during this stage causes cataracts
embryonic lens development
61
during lens fetal development, what extends where
secondary fibers extend to anterior and posterior poles
62
hyaloid artery done developing at the end of _________ period
embryonic
63
what pushing the primary vitreaus and hyaloid vascular system into cloquets canal
secondary vit
64
hyaloid art is made of what
mesenchym hyaloid artery
65
what is bergmeisters papillae
remnant of haloid art not fully detatched from optic nerve
66
what is persistent hyperplastic primary vit PHPV
primary or hyaloid artery did not fully degenerate into cloquests leads to block of visual axis and vision degregation and secondary glc
67
vessles from the optic nerve head span to perihery during what stage embryonic or fetal what concludes first nasal or temporal ora serrata
fetal nasal first since its closer
68
what is retino pathy of prematurity
vascularization not complete tx with monitoring cryotherapy
69
what causes coloboma
inferior nasal section of the optic cup and stalk seals in embryonic stage but failure to close = this
70
rpe is made of what emb tissue
neuroectoderm
71
foveal pit developes when
11 15 mo after birth fetal stade
72
when does rpe and neuroretina stop mitotic division
by birth due to large oxygen concentration
73
ocular albinism causes what to the macula
binocular problems due to abn projections through optic nerve to LGN binocular under developed macula
74
choroid and sclera is made of what emb tissue
mesenchym
75
ciliary body embry tissue .... epithelium - muscle -
ciliary body embry tissue .... epithelium - neuroectoderm muscle - neural crest
76
iris embry tissue .... anterior/posterior pigment epithelium - iris sphincter dilator- iris stroma -
iris embry tissue .... anterior/posterior pigment epithelium - neuroectoderm iris sphincter dilator- neuroectoderm iris stroma - neural crest
77
why is visual electrophysiology and electrodiagnostic testing done
to see difference between retina or optic nerve issues
78
full feild Electroretinogram ERG sensitive to what disorders looking at what
tells us if rod or cone issue oscilatory potential sensitive to vascular and inflammatory dz a wave is cone b wave is rod test for inherited ret dz infectios/ inflamatory ret looking at amplitude and timing
79
Multifocal ERG how does it differ from ffERG
pt must fixate looks for localized changes outer retina conditions
80
pattern ERG tests what
ganglion cell function
81
Visual evoked potentioals VEP large peak is at what ms
checks time it takes from signal to fo from retina to visual cortex ON dz functional vision loss or malingering ~ 100 ms p100
82
what test is age dependent
VEP
83
what test does not predict visual acuity
VEP
84
Electro oculogram (EOG) checks for what layer of ret used for
RPE and outer ret dark and light adapt dz rpe and PR Bets Dz Vitelliform Maculopathy
85
what test takes advandage of difference in electrical potential between posterior and anterior of eye
EOG
86
what is the normal value for EOG Arden ratio
>1.8
87
Vitelliform i solid rased area above what layer of the retina in ou or just one eye
RPE bilateral symetrical

Oc anatomy 3 (3 decks)

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