Exam 3

Question 1

Which could account for drug toxicity following a normally prescribed dose to the geriatric patient?

Answer 1

Decreased renal clearance, slow drug absorption, liver impairment

Question 2

All of the following represent normal physiology of the newborn except:

Answer 2

Weight of 2.1 kg

Question 3

Which test would be likely to show an increase in value in a geriatric patient?

Answer 3

ANAs

Question 4

(T/F) It is easy to find healthy adults, over 65, with no preexisting conditions, to use to develop normal ranges.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Which of the following conditions are related to acidosis in the pediatric patient?

Answer 5

Anoxia and trauma during delivery

Question 6

Which of the following biomarkers are found in high concentrations in neonates as compared to adults?

Answer 6

Ammonia

Question 7

What are special considerations that need to be taken into account with regards to neonatal blood collections. (select all that apply)

Answer 7

Care should be taken to minimize evaporation of the sample from open tubes, Sample volume should be minimized to reduce blood loss

Question 8

Which of the following choices is false concerning blood obtained by heel stick (capillary) and venipuncture (venous)?

Answer 8

The chemical composition of the sera derived from each is identical

Question 9

(T/F) Specimens for porphyrin testing do not need to be protected from light.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Symptom type: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)

Answer 10

Neuropsychiatric

Question 11

Symptom type: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

Answer 11

Cutaneous

Question 12

Symptom type: Variegate porphyria (VP)

Answer 12

Neurocutaneous

Question 13

Symptom type: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP)

Answer 13

Cutaneous

Question 14

Which statement about secondary porphyrinurias is not true.

Answer 14

Are an inherited condition associated with increased excretion of urinary porphyrins

Question 15

How many pyrrole rings make up a porphyrin ring?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

(T/F) The aqueous solubility of porphyrins varies with the number of carboxylic acid substitutes present in that particular porphyrin compound.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

This is chelated to the porphyrin ring to form heme.

Answer 17

Iron

Question 18

Which type of porphyria is not considered chronic?

Answer 18

Hereditary coproporphyria

Question 19

Which of the following is a qualitative screening test for porphobilinogen that may be performed to aid in the diagnosis of the porphyrias?

Answer 19

Watson-Schwartz test

Question 20

The most common abnormalities in the structure of hemoglobin is:

Answer 20

Amino acid substitutions

Question 21

Put in the order of electrophoretic mobility (slowest to fastest) on cellulose acetate.

Answer 21

C, S, F, A

Question 22

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the stimulation of ductal epithelial cell secretion of bicarbonate?

Answer 22

Secretin

Question 23

If this area of the pancreas becomes affected by cancer there is high potential that it will go undetected and lead to greater morbidity and mortality in the patient.

Answer 23

Tail

Question 24

Which of the following is not true regarding normal pancreatic fluid?

Answer 24

It contains a high concentration of hydrochloric acid

Question 25

The hormone responsible for the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas is:

Answer 25

Cholecystokinin

Question 26

(T/F) The exocrine function of the pancreas includes the production of insulin and glucagon.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

The recommended specimen requirement for steatorrhea is a:

Answer 27

72-hour stool collection

Question 28

(T/F) In patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, fecal fat is often decreased and fecal enzymes are increased.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

(T/F) The Ampulla of Vater is where the pancreas and stomach join together

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Hormone secretion of Epsilon cells?

Answer 30

Ghrelin

Question 31

Hormone secretion of Gamma cells?

Answer 31

Pancreatic polypeptide hormones

Question 32

(T/F) The Acinar cells produce hormones in the pancreas.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

This test may be used because it is a non-invasive, indirect indicator of moderate and severe exocrine pancreatic dysfunction.

Answer 33

Fecal elastase-1

Question 34

(T/F) There are no associated risks with using TPN for patients who need it.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Marasmus definition

Answer 35

A diet deficient in protein and calories

Question 36

Kwashiorkor definition

Answer 36

A diet deficient in protein but adequate in calories

Question 37

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 37

B6, C

Question 38

(T/F) Since they are stored, water soluble vitamins have greater risk of toxicity.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

This deficiency in this vitamin is associated with hair loss, anorexia, and depression. It is often found in hair products and supplements. Taking supplements that contain this may cause interference with certain test assays.

Answer 39

Vitamin B7 (biotin)

Question 40

Select the two most common tests run to differentiate the reason behind a diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia.

Answer 40

Folate, B12

Question 41

If you had the following lab results, what would condition would you expect to see: Transferrin increased, Ferritin decreased, % saturation decreased, TIBC increased

Answer 41

Iron deficiency

Question 42

This element is widely used in industrial and household ways, and interferes with enzyme activity. It is associated with encephalopathy, anemia, bone disease and progressive dementia. It is excreted mainly in the urine.

Answer 42

Aluminum

Question 43

An employee at a local glass blowing and manufacturing facility is admitted to the Psychiatric Hospital due to severe anxiety and constant bouts of compulsive laughing and crying. Given these symptoms, what kind of heavy metal toxicity should be expected?

Answer 43

Manganese

Question 44

Over the decades, this element has been considered a toxic element, a carcinogen, essential element, and an anti-carcinogen. It is also involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones.

Answer 44

Selenium

Question 45

This heavy metal has both an essential form and a toxic, nonessential form. When absorbed it will be bound by transferrin and transported by albumin.

Answer 45

Chromium

Question 46

TIBC

Answer 46

The theoretical amount of iron that could be bound if transferrin in the plasma was saturated

Question 47

Ferritin

Answer 47

The major iron storage protein for the body

Question 48

Transferrin

Answer 48

The primary plasma iron transport protein

Question 49

Serum iron

Answer 49

The Fe3+ bound to transferrin

Question 50

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Answer 50

Quantification of an element by measuring the intensity of emitted radiation from an aerosolized sample

Question 51

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Answer 51

Correct match: Determination of element quantity through the absorption of optical radiation by free atoms in the gas phase

Question 52

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes: Alpha

Answer 52

Glucagon

Question 53

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes: Beta

Answer 53

Insulin

Question 54

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes: Delta

Answer 54

Somatostatin

Question 55

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes: Gamma

Answer 55

Pancreatic polypeptide hormones

Question 56

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes: Epsilon

Answer 56

Ghrelin

Question 57

Porphyrias

Answer 57

A group of rare disorders that result from disturbances in heme synthesis

Question 58

Hemoglobinopathies

Answer 58

Disorders that have qualitative defects in the hemoglobin molecule

Question 59

Myoglobin

Answer 59

A simple heme protein found in cardiac and skeletal muscles

Question 60

Thalassemias

Answer 60

Quantitative defects in the production of hemoglobin molecules

Question 61

Heme

Answer 61

The prosthetic group of hemoglobin responsible for binding oxygen

Question 62

Match the porphyria with its symptom type: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)

Answer 62

Neuropsychiatric

Question 63

Match the porphyria with its symptom type: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

Answer 63

Cutaneous

Question 64

Match the porphyria with its symptom type: Variegate porphyria (VP)

Answer 64

Neurocutaneous

Question 65

Match the porphyria with its symptom type: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP)

Answer 65

Cutaneous

Question 66

Which of these statements are true: Regular exercise can improve the quality of life among geriatric patients Exercise can help prevent depression and other diseases Proper nutrition is important along with exercise All of these statements are true

Answer 66

All of these statements are true