Exam 3 Flashcards
(31 cards)
stomata
The microscopic holes in leaves that allow gaseous molecules, like CO2, into the plant.
chlorophyll
The pigment molecule that is found in chloroplasts
chemiosmosis
Where protons (H+ ions) move from the stroma (the cytoplasm essentially) into the thylakoid membrane, creating a proton gradient that fuels ATP synthesis
heterotroph
Non-Self producing. Think Humans.
Thylakoid Membrane
Contains the pigments that are clustered into the photosystems (PS2 and PS1)
autotroph
Self-producing. Think plants.
RuBP
The molecule that is used to split CO2 to produce 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA)
Stroma Lamella
Connect the grana
What molecule does oxygen come from?
Water from being split from oxidation
Light-Dependent Reaction Prouducts
ATP, NADPH, and O2
Stroma
Semi-liquid surrounding the thylakoid membranes
Organisms that preform photosynthesis
Plants, cyanobacteria, and 7 forms of algae
The equation for photosynthesis (Broad)
6CO2+12H2O produces C6H12O6+6H20+6O2
NADPH
The reduced version of NADP+ that is essentially a molecular battery
rubisco
The enzyme that fuels the carbon fixation cycle
Grana
Stacks of thylakoid membranes
Light Independent Reaction Products
G3P, ADP, NADP+, Phosphorus, and more RuBP to continue the cycle
What’s important about the light dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
it creates the energy that powers the calvin cycle, as well as produces the oxygen we breathe.
Describe the energy flow of the biosphere
sun → plants (autotrophs) → animals (heterotrophs) → heat + metabolic energy
Photosystem
Protein complex that functions to capture light and transforming light energy into an electron to fuel various processes.
Name the three stages of the Calvin cycle.
1) Carbon Fixation 2)Reduction phase 3)Reproduction of RuBP
Aerobic Respiration
Consumer organic molecules and O2, and yields ATP
Anaerobic Respiration
Consumes organ molecules other than O2, but also produces ATP. Associated with bacteria.
Fermentation
Partial degradation of sugars that occurs without O2
