Exam 3

Question 1

What does ZAP stand for?

Answer 1

Zeta chain associated protein

Question 2

Where are dendritic cells initially found?

Answer 2

peripheral tissues

Question 3

Where do dendritic cells mature?

Answer 3

Secondary lymphoid tissues

Question 4

What is co-stimulation?

Answer 4

The process where both an antigen specific signal and co-stimulatory signal cooperate to activate a naive T cell. Both signals cause clonal expansion.

Question 5

What leads to ITAM phosphorylation?

Answer 5

Binding of MHC to the T cell receptor leads to ITAM phosphorylation by Lck

Question 6

What is ANERGY?

Answer 6

a state in which the immune system is unable to mount a normal immune response against a specific antigen

Question 7

What happens when there is antigen recognition in the absence of co-stimulation?

Answer 7

ANERGY

Question 8

______ is stimulated by infection and inflammation

Answer 8

B7 expression

Question 9

Function of Th1

Answer 9

Cell-mediated immunity, inflammation, host defense

Question 10

Function of Th2

Answer 10

Humoral Immunity, Allergy, Host defense (parasite)

Question 11

Function of Th17

Answer 11

Inflammation, wound healing, host defense, fungi

Question 12

Function of Treg

Answer 12

Homeostasis, regulation, supression

Question 13

Function of Tfh

Answer 13

B cell maturation, B cell differentiation, Autoimmunity

Question 14

Which T cell subsets are responsible for inflammation?

Answer 14

Th1 and Th17

Question 15

Which T cell subset is responsible for host defense from parasites?

Answer 15

Th2

Question 16

Which T cell subset is responsible for host defense from fungi?

Answer 16

Th17

Question 17

What are the 5 types of effector T cells?

Answer 17

Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, Tfh

Question 18

Differentiation is influenced by _______

Answer 18

cytokines

Question 19

What cytokines lead to Th1?

Answer 19

Il-12, IL-27

Question 20

What cytokines lead to Th2?

Answer 20

IL-4, IL-25

Question 21

What cytokines lead to Th17

Answer 21

IL-6, TGF

Question 22

What cytokines lead to Treg?

Answer 22

TGF-beta

Question 23

What cytokines lead to Tfh?

Answer 23

IL-6, IL-21

Question 24

What T cell subset is responsible for virus and bacterial host defense?

Answer 24

Th1

Question 25

Which T cell subset is responsible for regulation and suppression?

Answer 25

Treg

Question 26

True or false: Cytotoxic CD8 T cells can kill infected target cells in succession

Answer 26

True

Question 27

How do CD8 cells kill target cells?

Answer 27

By secretion of lytic granules and delivery of enzymes and cytotoxins onto target surface

Question 28

Which T cell subsets are mostly involved with the humoral response?

Answer 28

Th2 and Tfh

Question 29

What are the 4 characteristics of humoral response?

Answer 29

- enhanced secondary response - Isotype switch - Affinity maturation - Development of memory

Question 30

What creates high affinity B cells?

Answer 30

Selective pressure

Question 31

Where are IgG secreted?

Answer 31

in the germinal centers by plasma cells

Question 32

What are IgG secreted by

Answer 32

by plasma cells in the germinal centers

Question 33

IgG can be transported from the bloodstream into ______

Answer 33

tissues

Question 34

Where are IgM secreted?

Answer 34

Medulla

Question 35

What provides protection against mucus membrane infections?

Answer 35

IgA