Exam 3

Question 1

Follicular Phase

Answer 1

Growth of the follicle which releases the egg

Question 2

Luteal phase

Answer 2

Corpus luteum releases progesterone preparing uterus for implantation

Question 3

FSH

Answer 3

Follicle stimulating hormone helps eggs grow

Question 4

Estrogen

Answer 4

Produced by developing follicles

Question 5

LH

Answer 5

Luteinizing hormone initiates ovulation

Question 6

Progesterone

Answer 6

Produced by corpus luteum

Question 7

Menstrual Synchrony

Answer 7

No proof of this theory

Question 8

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Answer 8

Pregnancy hormone-Induces the corpus luteum to produce more progesterone

Question 9

Placenta

Answer 9

Organ connecting the fetus to the uterine wall, passes nutrients from mother to fetus via umbilical cord

Question 10

Teratogen

Answer 10

Any agent typically chemical that can cause mutations and or malformations in an embryo

Question 11

Morning Sickness

Answer 11

Profet proposed the idea that morning sickness is an adaptation to flush pathogens and toxins not suitable for the baby’s growth women with morning sickness are less likely to miscarry

Question 12

Maternal/Fetal Conflict

Answer 12

The mother is trying to be sure her baby survives and also herself however the baby is only trying to be sure it survives even if that means draining the mother

Question 13

Pre-Eclampsia

Answer 13

The fetus releases a hormone that increases the bothers blood pressure which in turn pumps more blood and nutrients to the fetus

Question 14

Lactation

Answer 14

Calorie expensive but lactations provides nutrients to the baby post birth

Question 15

Milk Components

Answer 15

Fats proteins carbs minerals antibodies and microbiome colonization

Question 16

Colostrum

Answer 16

First milk generated just before birth that primes the infants immune system

Question 17

Witches Milk

Answer 17

Infant secretes milk during infancy because breast milk has Hugh levels of prolactin which are passed into the infant

Question 18

TWH Trivers Willard Hypothesis

Answer 18

Parents in good condition who can pass on that condition are better off investing in males because a male can have many mates

Question 19

Reproductive Asymmetry

Answer 19

Women have a maximum number of children they can have or that their body can handle giving birth to while men can reproduce infinitely

Question 20

Menopause

Answer 20

The complete cessation of menstruation for one year in women

Question 21

Changes in hormones following menopause

Answer 21

Estrogen decreases
Progesterone decreases
LH increases
FSH increases

Question 22

Proximate and Ultimate Cause of Menopause

Answer 22

Proximate-running out of eggs
Ultimate-evolution of post reproductive life

Question 23

Fetal loss

Answer 23

A large portion of fetal loss occurs between the first 5 days of pregnancy

Question 24

Human Longevity

Answer 24

Agree that Olshansky humans aren’t meant to live forever and life only favors reproduction

Question 25

DALY (disability adjusted life year)

Answer 25

Measure of overall disease burden expressed as the cumulative number of years lost

Question 26

DALY TODAY

Answer 26

Cardiovascular disease

Question 27

DALY in 2030

Answer 27

Estimated to be depression

Question 28

Language development

Answer 28

If you don’t learn langauge during specific time periods it becomes increasingly difficult, before 5 language learning is very easy

Question 29

Inbreeding avoidance

Answer 29

Inbreeding or incest greatly increases the chance of deleterious mutations

Question 30

Postpartum depression

Answer 30

PDD could signal to social network that the mother isn’t getting the support she needs human infants need enormous investments

Question 31

Smoke detector principle

Answer 31

It’s better to have a mechanism that goes off than to have one that doesn’t go off when it’s most needed like a smoke alarm

Question 32

Stress Response

Answer 32

Physiological and behavioral responses that attempts to deal with the current situation and restore homeostasis

Question 33

Anxiety

Answer 33

An extreme form of vigilance

Question 34

Depression

Answer 34

Extreme form of sadness