Exam 3

Question 1

What product of glycerol metabolism enters glycolysis?
A) fructose 3-phosphase
B) dihydroxyacetone phosphate
C) fructose 1,6 -diphosphate
D)1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid

Answer 1

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Question 2

A strictly fermentative bacterium produces energy
A) by glycolysis only
B)by aerobic respiration only
C) by fermentation or aerobic respiration
D only in the absence of oxygen

Answer 2

by glycolysis only.

Question 3

Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?

Answer 3

the partial oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors

Question 4

A gene is best defined as

Answer 4

a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product.

Question 5

Using the following information regarding culture 1 and 2, what will be the result of conjugation between cultures 1 and 2?
Culture 1: F+, leucine+, histidine+
Culture 2: F-, leucine-, histidine-

Answer 5

1 will remain the same; 2 will become F+, leucine-, histidine-

Question 6

What is an enzyme produced in response to the presence of a substrate called?

Answer 6

Inducible enzyme.

Question 7

What is transformation in the context of DNA?

Answer 7

The transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell.

Question 8

How can transformation occur?

Answer 8

A) by a bacteriophage.
B) as naked DNA in solution.
C) by cell-to-cell contact.

Question 9

What mechanism inhibits the lac operon in the presence of glucose?

Answer 9

Catabolite repression.

Question 10

In what direction does the ‘leading’ strand of DNA run?

Answer 10

5’-3’.

Question 11

What stops the synthesis of a repressible enzyme?

Answer 11

Corepressor-repressor complex binding to the operator.

Question 12

Which enzyme would cut the DNA strand GCATGGCCTCTAAATGC?

Answer 12

Enzyme HaeIII.

Question 13

What is self-replicating DNA used to transmit a gene from one organism to another?

Answer 13

A) vector

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a necessary component of PCR?

Answer 14

C) 1 primer

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT required for translation in bacteria?

Answer 15

D) snRNPs

Question 16

How do all viruses differ from bacteria?

Answer 16

D) vises are not composed of cells

Question 17

True or False: Specialized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle

Answer 17

True

Question 18

This genus and species within the firmicutes include endospore producing obligate anaerobes. This species is common in the gut microbiome, however, following antibiotic treatments it can increase in numbers leading to illness.

Answer 18

Clostridium difficile

Question 19

This phylum of bacteria includes gram-negative bacteria, is the largest taxonomic group of bacteria, and arose from a photosynthetic ancestor.

Answer 19

Proteobacteria

Question 20

This genus within the Tenericutes are some of the smallest bacteria and lack a cell wall.

Answer 20

Mycoplasma

Question 21

What genus, within the Betaproteobacteria, inhabit the mucous membranes of mammals (one species is known to cause gonorrhea)?

Answer 21

Neisseria

Question 22

What genus within the Firmicutes form chains and include either beta-hemolytic forms or non-beta-hemolytic forms?

Answer 22

Streptococcus

Question 23

What class of gram-negative bacteria is the most diverse and includes a number of human pathogens, including E. coli?

Answer 23

Gammaproteobacteria

Question 24

What phylum includes bacteria that carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis, solely the Green sulfur bacteria?

Answer 24

A) Chlorobi

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT utilized to culture viruses?

Answer 25

B) culture media

Question 26

A clear area against a confluent 'lawn' of bacteria is called a (used for growing bacteriophages)

Answer 26

B) plaque ## Footnote A plaque is a clear area that indicates where bacteriophages have lysed bacterial cells.