Final Exam

Question 1

What are the cell types in the innate immune response?

Answer 1

Basophil, eosinophil, and mast cell

Question 2

What cell types are in BOTH the innate and adaptive immune response?

Answer 2

Neutrophil, monocyte, dendritic cell, and NK cell

Question 3

What cell types are in the adaptive immune response?

Answer 3

Plasma cell/B cell and T cells

Question 4

What are granulocytes and identify which cell types are they?

Answer 4

-Leukocytes with granules in their cytoplasm that are visible with a light microscope
- Neutrophils, Basophils, and eosinophils

Question 5

What are agranulocytes an identify which cell types are they?

Answer 5

-Leukocytes with granules in their cytoplasm that are not visible with a light microscope.
-Monocytes, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes

Question 6

Basophil

Answer 6

Releases histamines that cause inflammation; work in allergic responses

Question 7

Neutrophils

Answer 7

phagocytizes bacteria and fungi; works in early stages of infection

Question 8

Eosinophils

Answer 8

Phagocytic; kills parasites with oxidative burst

Question 9

Monocytes

Answer 9

mature into MACROPHAGES in tissues where they are phagocytic

Question 10

Dendritic cells

Answer 10

phagocytizes bacteria and presents antigens to T cells; found in skin, mucous membranes, and thymus

Question 11

Plasma cell, B cell

Answer 11

-Recognizes antigens and produces antibodies
-memory cells

Question 12

T cells

Answer 12

-Helper T cells secrete cytokines
-Cytotoxic T cells recognize and kill specific “nonself” cells

Question 13

What are the five steps of phagocytosis?

Answer 13

1. Chemotaxis
2. Adherence
3. Ingestion
4. Digestion
5. Discharge

Question 14

Humoral Immunity

Answer 14

B cells

Question 15

Cellular Immunity

Answer 15

T cells

Question 16

Cytokines

Answer 16

major signaling molecules for immune cells

Question 17

List the 5 terms that are important for antigen-antibody recognition and destruction of pathogen

Answer 17

1. Agglutination
2. Opsonization
   3.Antibody-dependen cell-mediated cytotoxicity
3. Neutralization
4. Activation of the complement system

Question 18

Agglutination

Answer 18

Reduces number of infections units to be dealt with

Question 19

Opsonization

Answer 19

Coating antigen with antibody enhances phagocytosis

Question 20

Activation of the complement system

Answer 20

Causes inflammation and cell lysis

Question 21

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Answer 21

Antibodies attached to target cell cause destruction by macrophages, eosinophils, and NK cells

Question 22

Neutralization

Answer 22

Blocks adhesion of bacteria and viruses to mucosa, and blocks attachment of toxin