Exam 3

Question 1

Life in water

Answer 1

-Bathed in nutrients
Supported against gravity
-Extensive transport not necessary
-Gametes, offspring can be transmitted by water
-No problem of desiccation

Question 2

Land plants

Answer 2

Must

• conserve water
• transport nutrients
• withstand gravity
• transfer gametes
• protect or reduce vulnerable life stages

Question 3

Closes relatives of modern plants

Answer 3

Green algae

• chlorophyll b
• cell walls primarily cellulose
• Starch as primary reserve

Question 4

Closest relative to land plants

Answer 4

Charales (“stoneworts”)

-an order of pondweeds, freshwater algae in the division Charophyta, are probably the closest relative to land plants

Question 5

Why leave water?

Answer 5

More direct sun

• enough ozone by 425 mya to filter UV
• nutrients and minerals on land
• initially, an absence of herbivores and competitors

Question 6

Alternation of generations

Answer 6

dsf

Question 7

All plants make seeds t/f

Answer 7

FAlse

Question 8

All metazoa (animailia) have a mesoderm

Answer 8

False

Question 9

You are a deuterostome

Answer 9

True (mouth)

Question 10

You are a chordate

Answer 10

true (anus)

Question 11

A gametophyte makes gametes via mitosis

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Plants, like us make gametes via meiosis

Answer 12

False

Question 13

The sporophyte and gametophyte are similar in size in Bryophytes such as mosses

Answer 13

True

Question 14

A fern fiddlehead is part of the sporophyte generation

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Ocean currents run the same direction in both northern and southern hemispheres

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Tundra ecosystems have long summers and mild winters

Answer 16

False

Question 17

If you want to live in an area of low humidity in North America, you should live on the west side of a mountain range, not the east side

Answer 17

False

Question 18

A survivorship for oysters is representative of a Type I survivorship curve

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Only plants have chloroplasts

Answer 19

False

Question 20

The human population of the planet is about 11.3 billion

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Gross primary production is always less than net primary production because of the cost of respirations

Answer 21

False, Heat

Question 22

Characteristics of chordates

Answer 22

notochord
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
pharyngeal slits
Muscular tail

Question 23

Coelom

Answer 23

A body cavity lined by tissue derived only from mesoderm

Question 24

A major advance of the Eumetazoa over the Porifera

Answer 24

Multiple cell layers, gastrulaton, more cell types,

Question 25

A major advance of the Bilateria over the Cnidaria

Answer 25

cephalization, bilateral symmetry, troploblasty(third tissue layer)

Question 26

Gymnosperm innovations

Answer 26

Reduction of gametophyte and evolution of seeds

Question 27

A mutualistic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria produces

Answer 27

Lichen

Question 28

A possible explanation for what facilitates an adaptive radiation (macroevolution)

Answer 28

environmental changes

Question 29

To see a monotreme in the wild you would travel to

Answer 29

Australia