Exam 3

Question 1

what is the established MPD for occupational exposure?

Answer 1

5.0 rads/year

Question 2

1/16 lead is equivalent to how many inches of concrete?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

where should the exposure switch be located?

Answer 3

inside the booth

Question 4

how long should radiation exposure records be kept?

Answer 4

indefinetly

Question 5

why should you not use an extremity screen in an office that primarily takes spinal films?

Answer 5

extremity films might get mixed with spinal films and require retakes

Question 6

what is problem with storing xray films flat rather that upright?

Answer 6

pressure marks

Question 7

what effect does large crystals in the intensifying screen have?

Answer 7

more light is emitted

Question 8

how often should you clean your screens?

Answer 8

3 months

Question 9

what is bad about split and gradient screens?

Answer 9

they increase patient exposure

Question 10

for general skeletal radiology what speed of rare earth screens is recommended?

Answer 10

400-600

Question 11

a loss of film screen contact would most likely create what problem?

Answer 11

blurring of part of the image

Question 12

silver is removed in which part of the processing stage?

Answer 12

fixing

Question 13

how would the film appear if you reduced the developing time and maintained the temp?

Answer 13

it will be too light

Question 14

if your developer is brow what would you expect?

Answer 14

it is oxidized

Question 15

what is the first thing you would do if you were manually processing films?

Answer 15

check the developer temp

Question 16

what is the most common processing artifact with automatic processing?

Answer 16

roller marks

Question 17

of the steps in manual processing which takes the longest?

Answer 17

washing

Question 18

what is the purpose of the squeegee rollers in automatic processing?

Answer 18

to remove fluids from film between solutions

Question 19

how intense is a high intensity light?

Answer 19

75-100 watts

Question 20

what is true about subject density?

Answer 20

it is said to be decreased when it is dark

Question 21

what would you expect if you took a film and your FFD was shorter than your grid range?

Answer 21

you will see grid lines

Question 22

federal guidelines state that you need to be _____ years old to take xrays

Answer 22

18

Question 23

what should employees who are pregnant do to take xrays?

Answer 23

wear a lead apron when xraying patients

Question 24

what color glow is preferred for the intensifying screen chrystals today?

Answer 24

blue-green

Question 25

what number is given for a par speed screen?

Answer 25

100

Question 26

what can be used to maximize light reaching the film from the screen chrystal?

Answer 26

a reflective layer

Question 27

where are the latches to open the cassette?

Answer 27

the side

Question 28

what would produce the most grain on a film?

Answer 28

fast speed screens

Question 29

with intensifying screens what gives you better detail?

Answer 29

a single screen system

Question 30

what will you do with your old outdated films?

Answer 30

sell them for their silver content

Question 31

what is true of subject density?

Answer 31

it is said to be increased when it is light

Question 32

why are renal shadows often seen on an AP lumbar film?

Answer 32

due to contrast between oil and water densities

Question 33

what is true of manual processing?

Answer 33

fixing is twice as long as developing

Question 34

small white specks on a processed film usually indicate what?

Answer 34

dirty intensifying screen

Question 35

with usual manual processing equipment which tank contains acidic solution?

Answer 35

developer tank

Question 36

what color safelight filter is needed for most rare earth screens?

Answer 36

red

Question 37

what is a high intensity lamp used for?

Answer 37

to see overexposed areas better

Question 38

if you want to see the SI joints and the L5 disc space without distortion on a frontal view which would be the best thing to do?

Answer 38

direct central ray AP with a cephalic tilt

Question 39

what film/screen combination is used in most chiro offices?

Answer 39

DOUBLE EMULSION FILM WITH DOUBLE INTENSIFYING SCREEN

Question 40

what is the proper arrangement of the five subject film densities from most to least dense?

Answer 40

heavy metal, metal, water, oil, air

Question 41

what is the lead equivalent thickness required for the ceiling of a single story building in inches?

Answer 41

none

Question 42

too high of a KV will have what effect on a film?

Answer 42

quantum mottle

Question 43

black branching streaks randomly placed on the film is usually due to what?

Answer 43

static electricity

Question 44

what type of film is used in chiro offices?

Answer 44

double emulsion

Question 45

what advantage does a single screen cassette have?

Answer 45

increased image detail

Question 46

what speed is preferred in general spinal radiography with a rare earth system?

Answer 46

400

Question 47

100 speed screens is referred to as?

Answer 47

par

Question 48

rare earth screens have what effect?

Answer 48

less radiation dose to the patient

Question 49

what produces the most grain on a film?

Answer 49

using fast speed screens

Question 50

with intensifying screens what gives the best detail?

Answer 50

a single screen system

Question 51

how many 14x17 films should be processed in a week?

Answer 51

20-25

Question 52

if the temp in your dryer is too hot what will happen?

Answer 52

the film will have water spots

Question 53

the sheet of lead in a cassette serves what purpose?

Answer 53

to help prevent back scatter

Question 54

using an extremity cassette will have which effect?

Answer 54

it will increase patient exposure

Question 55

if your cassette was incompletely closed what would the film look like?

Answer 55

it would have a black strip at the edge

Question 56

what exists on a film after you expose the patient but before you process it?

Answer 56

a latent image

Question 57

which combination of screen light and film color is preferred?

Answer 57

green light and purple film

Question 58

what is the usual recommended optimal developing temp for manual processing?

Answer 58

68 degrees

Question 59

sensitometry is a way to do what?

Answer 59

to check consistency of processing

Question 60

in what phase of processing does the latent image become the manifest image?

Answer 60

developing phase

Question 61

densitometry and sensitometry are primarily used for what purpose?

Answer 61

to moniter processing function

Question 62

a curtain effect from lack of fluids being removed in automatic processing is caused by what?

Answer 62

malfunction of the squeegee rollers

Question 63

what are the needed thickness of lead for primary and secondary protective barriers for an xray facility?

Answer 63

1/16 (primary) and 1/32 (secondary)