Exam 3 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are club mosses?
Small evergreen plants with roots, sporangia at top in cone like strobilus
What are tracheophytes?
Club mosses and ferns, vascular seedless plants
What is microphyll evolution?
The evolution of “leave” like structures, they are outgrowths of stem tissue with one singular vascular strand.
How does the sporangium of a fern work?
The sporangium holds all the spores. The water backbone starts to evaporate and the sporangium starts to open and then acts like a catapult and flings the spore away from its self.
What are gymnosperms?
Seeded vascular plants also knows as conifers
What is monoecious?
Reproductive parts are borne in male and female strobilus
What are microsporangia?
Contain microsporocytes that undergo meiosis to form microspores of male gametophytes
What is megasporangia?
Female reproductive part…megasporocyte undergoes meiosis to create megaspores
What are the three components of the female reproductive structure of an angiosperm?
Called a Pistil, it is made up of the stigma, style and ovary
Three types of tissues in a plant?
Dermal tissue- (epidermal)
Ground tissue
Vascular tissue- (xylem and phloem)
Epidermal cell types
Pavement cells- under cell wall
Guard cells- around the stomata
Trichomes- provide protection and shade
Ground tissue types
Parenchyma- primary cell wall
Collenchyma- lots of pectin, primary and secondary cell wall
Sclerenchyma- pectin, lignin, hemicellulose (primary and secondary)
What does the xylem do?
Transport water
What does the phloem do?
Transport sugars
What does it mean for a plant to be DECIDUOUS?
They drop their leaves seasonally
What is the function of a stem?
Support, photosynthesis and storage
What is a rhizome?
Horizontal stems that grow below the ground with adventitious roots
What is a tuber?
Accumulation of food at the tips of underground stolons
What are the types of roots?
Tap, fibrous, buttress, and pneumatophores
What is the endodermis?
Innermost cells of the cortex
What is the pericycle?
The outermost cells of vascular bundle
What is the casparian strip?
Runs thru the endodermis
Where does secondary growth occur?
The vascular cambium and the cork cambium
Secondary xylem is made up of what two kinds of wood?
Sapwood (younger) and heartwood (older)
