Exam 3 Flashcards

Question

What is this?

Answer 1

Cathedral of notre Dame, Paris 1163 (Gothic 1150-1400) Front entrance way is set back, almost looks like a porch. Tower on right-original Tower on left-after fire Large rose (Virgin Mary) stained glass window so when you walk in it looks like a jewel. 100+ft barrel vault ceining.

Answer 2

Sainte Chapelle, Paris 1239-1248 (Gothic 1150-1400) Glass house, all stained glass. (ceiling is blue w gold stars) horro vaccui design Its considered to be a reliquary house as it holds relics for King Louis IV. (Crown of thorns, piece of the cross, holy nail, lance tip, sponge)

Answer 3

Virgin and Child in Majesty, Maesta Altarpiece 1308-11 Proto-Renaissance (1250-1400) Artist: Duccio Tempera paint on wood panel. 7ft tall-13 ft wide. Byzantine traditional painting (gold, halos). People surrounding Mary are sacred (halos) Front and back are decorated.

Answer 4

is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly-laid, or wet plaster.

Answer 5

The Lamentation (Arena Chapel) Arena Chapel, 1305-6, Proto-Renassaince 1250-1400 Artist: Giotto Tree is baron, symbolic to Jesus death. Focal point is off centered (Jesus) John the Baptist in pink robe-looks like a arrow pose.

Answer 6

Raising of Lazarus, Arena Chapel Proto Renassaince 1250-1400 Lazarus was Jesus friend, he died, Jesus came back and commanded him to rise from the dead. Two ppl cover their noses-cus he stinks. Jesus is red robe, hand out, halo. Kneeling is Lazarus' sisters. Trees in full bloom (life). Artisit: Giotto

Answer 7

a 4-lobed flower in architecture

Answer 8

Birth of the Virgin, c. 1335 Proto-Renassaince, 1250-1400 Artist: Lorenzetti Sept 8th, 1342 Beautifully decorated bedroom, textiles where a big deal then. Amazing 3D perspective, Mens waiting room, wine and bread being brought to Ann. Ann (middle) giving birth.

Answer 9

Sacrifice of Isaac Artist: Ghiberti Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * Won the competition panel. * Ghiberti did the second set of doors (Life of Christ). * The Pisano doors where moved to the south. * The Ghiberti doors are now the main doors facing the cathedral. * The doors are very similar to the old doors.Installed in 1420.

Answer 10

St. George Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) Artist: Donatello * Traditional represented wearing armor. * St. George slayed a dragon. * The relief below St George is him riding his horse spearing a dragon. * A grateful woman on his right because the dragon was going to eat her. * Paid for by the sword-smith making guild. * Sculpture in the round, close to the edge, acting like he could step down to protect the community. * Contrapposto stance, good over evil.

Answer 11

Feast of Herod Artist: Donatello Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * He did more stone work, not cast bronzing, gold leaf. Donatello learned cast bronzing from Ghirberti. \*1st time in relief that linear one point perspective is used, that he got from Brunelleschi. * The daughter wanted Herod to dance at her bday party, Herod said only if u give me st. john on a platter. but in the panel Herod is pretending he does not know they did this in order to save face in the public.

Answer 12

Gates of Paradise Artist: Ghiberti Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) East doors of San Giovanni Baptistry 3 doors, the last door created by Ghirberti Ghirberti's ﬁrst doors where boring and looked like the Pisano doors, so they moved them to another side of the building and ordered the commission to Ghirberti to create another set of doors. -Ghirberti's 1st doors were moved to north doorway. 2nd doors are remarkably different. nicknamed "the gates of paradise". - 10 panels compared to 28, gold leaf is everywhere compared to the others (only raised pieces) - subject matters are from the old testament. scenes dealing with creation and king solomon, and queen Sheeba. - Self portrait: sticking out on both doors Ghirberti did. located in the framework, high relief. the turban headress was common to wear in the 15th century.

Answer 13

David Artist: Donatello Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * 1446-60, not record until 1469. Approx 5 ft tall. One casting. Not meant to a public statue. * 1st 3D free standing cast bronze sculpture since the ancient romans and greeks. * Commissioned by the Medici family. * Religious ﬁgure: david (old testament). standing over the head of goliath. he is only wearing boots and a hat, fully nude. contrapposto stance, but exaggerated. He looks very feminine. david was a young boy when he slayed goliath, so to show him nude and w the exaggerated stance shows him young.

Answer 14

* foreshortening of objects * Orthogonals to the picture plane converge on a single vanishing point * The size of objects is proportionate to their distance from the observer.

Answer 15

Mary Magdalen c. 1450 Artist: Donatello Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) Altarpiece in St. John Baptist Church Florence, Italy Carved from white poplar wood and painted. -She is very boney, skinny, wearing rags, very expressive. -She is usually painted very beautiful. -Contrapposto pose -It was in the St. Baptist ﬂood, it took many years to dry out and then restore it. -He painted veins in her legs, sprinkled with gold dust, the dress is actually her hair, she fasted for 30 years.

Answer 16

dome of the Florence Cathedral c.1418-1420's Architect: Brunelleschi Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) Santa maria del Flora Cathedral, Florence, Italy Created a dome for main cathedral, polygonal dome, not circular, double shell dome 300 ft tall, 138 ft in diameter * Gothic style. A major dome has not been done since roman times, Brunelleschi kept how he was going to do it a secret. * He created one of the most amazing feats of engineering. For the ﬁrst time he built models of the dome, made special equipment to create the dome, and he needed to add the dome to an already made building. * Both the Foundling Hospital and the dome was created during the same time. * The largest masonry dome in the world. * Lantern at top (1470s) Brunelleschi did not do. * This is the cathedral across from the St. John the Baptistry with the special doors facing it. * The building becomes a landmark. * Only one side has an artiﬁcial arcade because Michaelangelo said it looked like a "cage of crickets." * Circular portholes are used for symbolic meanings.

Answer 17

Foundling Hospital c.1421-24 Architect: Brunelleschi Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * Brunelleschi becomes celebrated as a architect. * This hospital takes cares of unwanted children and orphans. * A civic hospital, taken care of by the community. * The guilds of Florence, silk and goldsmiths guilds paid for the cost of the building. * There is no gothic design, more of a greek or roman design. * The loggia is made up of a series of round arches and Corinthian columns. * The roof over hangs to create a shadow or a band across to make your eye look horizontal. * Brunelleschi used grey stone for the architecture areas, walls are white. * Pendentives are used along the inside of the porch. * A secret spinning table was created so that mothers could leave their children without anyone seeing them; they could place the child on the table and spin the table so the child would spin to be inside the building. * Relief sculptures, contrapposta, blue background, done in terra cotta of children along the front of the building indicating the building is for children.

Answer 18

San Lorenzo Brunelleschi Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * Commissioned by the Medichi family, a family chapel. * Flat roof, no stained glass windows, natural white light, looks a lot like the Fondling building * The Medici family house of worship, commissioned Brunelleschi to rebuilt a church. * Looking down the nave. Michaelangelo designed the tombs and library later on. * Brunelleschi made a traditional romanesque church. * Transept separates the public from the most sacred (alter). * Dome in center of transept * Pendentive (initially used in byzantine) which changes a square in a dome shape. * Free standing Corinthian columns, entablatures, grey stone to make the architecture stand out. * Flat ceiling, coffers on the ceilings (inset square panel usually decorated). * White natural light, no stained glass-making it even brighter. * Donatello, Medici family are buried in their tombs. * He connected the look to St.Pauls outside the walls, Rome, Italy (Early Christian • Basilica)

Answer 19

Family house

Answer 20

Trinity with the Virgin, St. John the Evangelists and Donors c. 1425-28 Artist: Masaccio Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495). * Commissioned by the Lenzi family, who are buried in their own church. * a Skeleton is placed upon a coﬃn (sercoﬁcus), inscription says "I was once what you are, what am I you will be" * Visual Illusionism-1st time using one point perspective right at the viewers eye level, VP is at the bottom of the cross. * The arrangement of everyone creates a large triangle. (The Trinity) * Mary & John * The two donors * Colors: women in black, men in rose. * Columns are painted to match the rose to make it complete, painted coffers, Corinthian columns

Answer 21

The Tribute Money Artist: Masaccio Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * The vanishing-point across Christ's head enables the artist to depict light and detail and bring it to a new realm. * From there Jesus and Peter are pointing to the left where then Peter goes and picks the coins from the fish's mouth. * Lastly, the viewer observe the right hand side of the painting where Peter pays the tax collector.

Answer 22

Brunelleschi discovered it as he drew the Pantheon. Alberti published it and put it on paper in "On Painting" Orthogonals- the lines meant to be seen perpendicular to the picture plane as they move back in space. Vanishing point- The single point where all the orthogonals come together

Answer 23

the lines meant to be seen perpendicular to the picture plane as they move back in space.

Answer 24

The single point where all the orthogonals come together

Answer 25

Madonna and Child with Four Saints c.1445 St Lucy Altarpiece Artist: Veneziano Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * One point perspective * Trinity ( people are in triangles) * Mary and Christ in middle. Baby is looking at St. John who is gesturing him. * Two on right * St. Lucy on the right holding a platter with her own eyes (Some guy told her she had beautiful eyes, so she took out her eyes and gave them to the guy. Virgin mary was so impressed, she grew her eyes back) * Saint Zenobius with St. Lucy. He is a bishop regularly brought dead children back to life. Children would regularly get run over, he would come out and bring them back. * Two saints on left * St John the baptist (bridge ﬁgure=because he is pointing to Christ) Guy in red pointing the ﬁnger. But he is old and Jesus (baby) is a baby. And they are actually 6 months apart. * St. Francis receives the wounds of Jesus on him. * All people have gold halos.

Answer 26

sacred conversation. Mary and the Christ child must be surrounded by Saints.

Answer 27

Fool the eye, so real your not sure if its painted or real. 1st time used in Camera Picta (Painted Room) at the Ducal Palace

Answer 28

Battle of the Nudes c. 1465-70 Metal Plate engraving=ink on paper Artist: Pollaiuolo Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * 1st artist to make a metal plate engraving. * 1st time print making was invented. * This is after the printing press was invented. * 1st time we see paper. We did not see this before because there was no printing press or paper. * Figures are in stop action controppasto

Answer 29

Pollaiuolo is the 1st artist to make a metal plate engraving. * 1st time print making was invented. * This is after the printing press was invented. * 1st time we see paper. We did not see this before because there was no printing press or paper.

Answer 30

The Birth of Venus Artist: Botticelli Early Italian Renaissance (1400-1495) * commissioned by the Medici family * First time we have a painting that deals with mythology * Canvas - not on wood panel, unique since not many used it. Usually canvas was made for temporary work. * Venus-Goddess of love and beauty (Greece=Aphrodite) becomes Venus in Rome. * Venus was being blown a shore than being clothed by Flora (ﬂowers) * Romans are very Christian, so the winds are more like Angels. * Right-Flora, trying to cloth her is like St. John the Baptist, * Venus is more like Jesus, as she is being baptist in the water.

Answer 31

Architect and Artist: Alberti writes 3 treatise 1. "On Painting" (1435) 1st major theoretical position abut painting. He explained the mathematics needed to do 1 point perspective; even though Brunelleschi. 2. "On Sculpture" (1440), how you need athletic models, the use of contropposto. (He further enforced what Donatello, Brunelleschi, Dibartolomeo etc have been doing for years.) 3. "On Architecture" (1450, not published till 1485). And three types of roman columns. Churches should be in the central plan not a bacilli plan. 3 points made: 1. Buildings must be sturdy. 2. Functional and Practical. 3. Beautifully designed.

Answer 32

Merode Altarpiece Triptych Oil on wood panel Early Flemish Renaissance: 1400-1500 Artist: Might be Robert Campin or master of Flemalle Flemalle = Anonymous) * Looks like the Annunciation, like she is reading the bible, she cannot hold the book. * 15th century house interior * Flemish artists love to put symbolism in their paintings * Vase white lilles=pure * Mary is not aware of Gabriel in the room, confused because the candle is blown out, pages in book are ruﬄed * candle out=god is in the room * two books=old testament on table, mary is reading the new testament (Though Jesus wasnt born yet) * towel on rack=cleanliness n purity * towel = looks a jewish pray shaw * highly polished brass kettle=mary's womb is referred to as the 'vessel most pure' * right eye always exposed * over Gabriel= the holy spirit, as a super baby with a cross, the line goes right to her ear. * Perspective is way off on the table. * Features the donors as observing witnesses, as people in the 15th century its impossible they could have seen this happen. * Believed to have a self portrait of the artist in the corner * rose bush=Mary was refereed to The Rose without Thorns * Joseph wearing a turban in his workshop working with wood working tools making mouse traps * St. Augustine said 'Christ was put on the earth to be the devils mouse trap' * Joseph is drilling holes into a wine press=the blood of Christ

Answer 33

Ghent Altarpiece c.1432 (15ft by 11ft) Artist: Jan and Herbert Van Eyck Early Flemish Renaissance: 1400-1500 Polyptych * They think Jan did the painting-Herbert did the framing. * Middle Panels * Gabriel (left) * Mary (right reading) * Left and Right are the donors * Middle (left) St. John the Baptist * Middle (right) St. the Evangelist * once opened more paintings * Top=God the father * Right of God=St. John the Evangelist * Left of God=Mary * Bottom Middle=Lamb bleeding from chest. Using atmospheric perspective. * Crowds on the left and right * Naked people=Top left/Top right= they are including so it reinforces the sin and redemption. Eve has a blotted stomach, which was in then.

Answer 34

Double (wedding) portrait of Giovanni Arnolﬁni (successful merchant) and his wife c. 1434 Artist: Jan van Eyck Early Flemish Renaissance: 1400-1500 * van Eyck signed the painting (middle in latin) name (Jan van Eyck was here) and year * This is their wedding ceremony looks like its in the bedroom (nuptial chamber) * Missing the priest and church (you did not need to get married in a church, you just needed a witness.) Certifying he was there by signing it * Showing he has money-there clothes * his-sable fur * her-ermon fur * mirror=very expensive to have, not many had them * The mirror shows the entire room and doorway, so vivid reﬂection. * Only inches big. * small circles represent various events from jesus' life * they do not have shoes on = God has entered the room * bloated stomach and high forehead= means she was a catch * dog=traditional symbol of marital ﬁdelity (the dog is faithful to its master. Fido word comes out of ﬁdelity) * fruit-oranges= do not grow in Flanders, they are imported, more expensive * Compositionally (groom towards the window-he is the outside world, bride by the bed - she is only meant to have children) * The chandelier has only one candle, the marriage candle. brass = purity * Cystal beads my the mirror=purity * Bed post has a whisk broom=cleanliness=body * St. Margret in hands clasped in prayer over the bed=patron saint of childbirth

Answer 35

Single panel= single panel Diptych= 2 panels Triptych= 3 panel altarpiece Polyptych= more than 3

Answer 36

Artists used egg yolk as a binding agent, mixing in colored pigments to create egg tempera paint. * Egg tempera had its limitations. * It could not be stored, so each color was mixed when it was needed. * Mixing too little paint was a disaster because mixing additional paint to match the first batch perfectly was very difficult. * Mixing too much paint was a waste of expensive materials. * Because egg tempera dries very quickly, artists had to paint small areas at one time. * Oil paint is very flexible so it can be applied in both thick textured brushstrokes and thin fine detail. * It dries very slowly, allowing artists to mix larger batches of paint and keep it for more than one painting session. * Slow drying paint can be carefully blended to make soft, seamless shadows necessary for the modeling that suggests three-dimensional form. * The oil in oil paint makes pigments translucent, allowing artists to apply colors in thin layers or glazes, generating rich, glowing colors.

Answer 37

A Northern Renaissance technique of giving a spiritual meaning to ordinary objects in the painting, so these detail can carry the spiritual message

Answer 38

Bayeux Embroidery - Bayuex Tapestry Romanesque 1050-1200

Answer 39

Crucifixion with Mourning Virgin and St. John R, van der Weyden Flemish Renaissance (1400-1500)

Answer 40

Portinari Altarpiece (open) Flemish Renaissance (1400-1500) Hugo van der Goes Triptych (sent back to Florence) oil paint (Italians where not using oil paint yet, still using egg tempera) Picture shows donors-Male donors on left-female on right Adoration of the Shepard's (birth of jesus) Hinged Panels when closed atmospheric perspective, proportions are not correct for some things but it forces you to look at certain people and items. Mary is kneeling before the newborn Jesus. Angels in main picture are too small, but purposely to show Jesus more. Gold dust used for Jesus and Mary's hair. Decoration in the tympanum is a harp (goes with David), large shaft of wheat in the foreground (reference to Bethlehem) , ﬂowers and symbolism are all over the middle piece. Iris ﬂower (connects the sorrows and pain of the virgin). Vases are a reference to marys womb (vessel). The shepherds all have faces that mimic the feelings of tthe time. Animals-Ox (symbol of the church), donkey (judaism), joseph is hanging out on the left. we will now start to see more and more oil painting done by Italians.

Answer 41

Adoration of the Shepards Flemish Renaissance (1400-1500)

Answer 42

Gardens of Earthly Delights Hieronymous Bosc Early Flemish Renaissance (1400-1500) Its about the creation of Adam and Eve, before sinning. Adam has been recently made, she hasn't been fully formed yet. Fountains and animals that are not Flemish. A lot of disguised symbolism. Later in the 1560s this painting shows up in Spanish writings. Seems as if it is not done for a public audience. Middle Panel-a ton of people, no one has clothes. But people have multiplied, like and dark skin people. After the apple problem when we sinned. atmospheric perspective. Looks like it could be commissioned from a Alchemist. On the line to surrealism. 3rd panel is a night time scene-represents hell. looks like it has a lot to do with the senses. noses, drums, harps. A head in the middle is thought to be the devil. Someone is defecating people, pig nun, etc.

Answer 43

The cathedral is the reputed burial-place of Saint James the Great,The building is a Romanesque structure with later Gothic and Baroque additions. 5th c to 10th century

Answer 44

A flying buttress is a specific form of buttressing most strongly associated with Gothic church architecture. The purpose of any buttress is to resist the lateral forces pushing a wall outwards (which may arise from stone vaulted ceilings or from wind-loading on roofs) by redirecting them to the ground. They used flying buttresses at Notre Dame and the Sainte Chapelle in Paris, at Chartres, at Rouen, Reims, and Amiens cathedrals.

Answer 45

The Black Death: Bubonic Plague. In the early 1330s an outbreak of deadly bubonic plagueoccurred in China. The bubonic plague mainly affects rodents, but fleas can transmit the disease to people. Once people are infected, they infect others very rapidly.

Answer 46

Terracotta, terra cotta or terra-cotta (Italian: "baked earth", from the Latin terra cocta), a type of earthenware, is a clay-based unglazed or glazed ceramic, where the fired body is porous.

Answer 47

Leonardo da Vinci - he was born in Vinci. His last name was not da Vinci. Got his training in the studio with Vercocchio. Dies in 1519 in France. Leonardo works in painting, drawing, sculptures and architecture. Only survived is 2d works. Most signiﬁcant is about 20 paintings. Never received a Papal commission, sore subject.

Answer 48

Chiaroscuro (Key are o scuro) - Using light and dark to create eﬀects. Chiaro (light) Oscuro (shadow)

Answer 49

Madonna (Virgin) of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci High Renaissance (1495-1520) uses Chiaroscuro, also uses Sfumato 1485 Oil paint on Panel Second baby is St. John the Baptist. Jesus is the center baby blessing the other baby (St. John) who is praying. water signiﬁes baptism. An angel pointing to St. John forming a triangle form. Said to be Avante Garde (A head of its time)

Answer 50

The Last Supper (a gift to a monastery) Leonardo da Vinci High Renaissance (1495-1520) Fresco with oil paint. 29 feet wide x13 feet tall (Most famous religious painting) How he represents the Last Supper is considered radical because (Jesus says one has betrayed him) Judas used to be on the opposite side of the table, but now he is on the same side. On a dining hall that has a lot of moisture, not helping when you use oil with fresco. Linear one point perspective with atmospheric in the background. There are three windows, three groups of apostles in stop action. The tablecloth looks like a Jewish pray shaw.

Answer 51

``` Mona Lisa (1503-06) Leonardo da Vinci High Renaissance (1495-1520) Most famous non religious painting ``` ## Footnote Lisa Gherardini (mona=madonna or my lady) who is married to a silk merchant (Francesco Giocondo) in Florence. The biggest thing is the size: 30 x 20 inches. Landscape is atmospheric perspective. Her subtle smile could be a symbol of her last name: Giacondo = smile and happiness. Sfumato is used through out the painting. Never actually gave it to the Gherardini's, supposedly he liked it too much. Leonardo kept it for decades. Sits in the Lueve Museum in Paris. He was paid a ton of money to King Francis I, but actual ownership didn't take place until Leonardo died. It then became part of the French artifacts.

Answer 52

Leonardo da Vinci High Renaissance (1495-1520) Ginevra de Benci 1774-78 He did not use sfmato, there is no smoky skin. Atmospheric Perspective. The curls are amazing looking. (15x14 inches) Backside is painted with a script "Virtue adorns beauty". At the museum you can walk around to see the back. Also has the dark tree backdrop on the back as well. The trees are Juniper, her name translated into English in Juniper. Leonardos thumb print is actually on the painting, as he used it to make the juniper tree branches.

Answer 53

Raphael Sanzio High Renaissance (1495-1520) Madonna of the Goldfinch Florence Born in 1483, dies in 1520 With John the Baptist wearing animal skin. Jesus is standing in contrapposta arm reaching out. He also uses sfmato. Landscaped painting. Triangle picture of people. She is holding the book. There a Gold Finch bird that the babies are playing with, known to make a nest in thorn bushes, = crown of thorns.

Answer 54

Raphael Sanzio High Renaissance (1495-1520) The Small Cowper Madonna 1505 Owned by the Cowper family, not made for them. A church in the distance, there are no churches at the time of Jesus. No one is looking at each other, he used a model. They are looking out at us.

Answer 55

Raphael Sanzio High Renaissance (1495-1520) School of Athens

Answer 56

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) Pieta Sculpture: "Pi-e-ta" or Pity (Mary holding Jesus after the cruciﬁxion, before the tomb) c. 1500 (he was 25 yrs old) White Carrara marble Demonstrates Stoicism = Mary is in control of her emotions. Which was very much admired. Commissioned by a Roman bishop for St. Peters as a altar decoration. On the band over her chest he signed the work with "Michelangelo born in Florence made it" 5'8 tall. There is a sense of limpness. Jesus was 33 when he died, she was 47 when he died. The one criticism was she looked too young, which reinforced the fact that virgins don't age. The entire statue looks very much triangular, but her lap seems too big.

Answer 57

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) Rondanini Pieta Ron da nini 1559-64 Michelangelo Left unﬁnished because he died. He created this for his own tomb, more expressive, more emotional looking. Mary is trying to hold Jesus up. She looks to be struggling. More overtly religious. Last Pieta by Michelangelo, named after the family that owned it.

Answer 58

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) David Colossal size 17ft. Figure is 14 ft, base is 3 ft 1501-04 (Michelangelo never bathed, his father told him the more he washed the more he lost his man hood) The Florence Cathedral that Brunelleschi, was supposed to be put on the roof. White marble in the round. David becomes a guardian ﬁgure watching over ﬂorence. Contrapposto stance. Decision was made to put it on the roof was because they where afraid it would break. So it was put by the front entrance hall of a town hall. It was hit by a chair and lost the middle ﬁnger. It was restored. Remained outside until 1873 it was moved into the Academy of Fine Art (Academia), a scale copy was placed on the site instead. 1991 while at the academia a visitor came in and smashed the toes. The restored it again. The sculpture was washed in 1993. It became much more shinier and smooth. Michelangelo is noted as being the premier artist in Florence in the early 1500's, he is summoned to Rome by Pope Julius II.

Answer 59

Michelangelo High Renaissance (195-1520) Moses 1513-15 Commissioned from Pope Julius to make this for his tomb. Marble-It was supposed to be up in the air, but because it was put at ground level you can see some proportions are oﬀ. Very athletic, horns on the head (?), in the biblical text after Moses had a direct contact with God, Moses had beamed with light (light - translated in Hebrew = horns)

Answer 60

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) The Holy Family

Answer 61

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) Sistine Chapel Sistine Chapel-ceiling Michelangelo 68 feet oﬀ the ground, 5600 sq. ft large This was meant to keep him busy to keep him in Rome. Fresco on side wall done by Perigino, Christ giving the keys to Peter. Peter is the ﬁrst Pope. All subjects come from the New Testament. The ceiling that Michelangelo paints is Old Testament. First time he is doing Fresco, he has done panel, but not Fresco. The ceiling has a curve, when dealing with perspective issues you need to make accommodations to work around this. 68 feet oﬀ the ﬂoor on a scaﬀold. He completed this in four years, he probably had people help him carry stuﬀ and help him complete it. Primary central row of images from the Old Testament-3 of creation , 3 of Adam n Eve, 3 of Noah. Creation are closer to the altar. Noah's goes towards the back, by the door. All are looking like they are framed, but its paint. There are also Pagan fortune tellers are called sibyls are painted framing the Old Testament pictures and OT prophets about the coming of Christ.

Answer 62

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) The Creation of Adam Michelangelo 1511-12 God the Father on right, Adam on left. The extended hands means this is the moment before God puts the spark of life in Adam. Eve is under Gods arm peeking out. The head of God is based on the head of Pope Julius II.

Answer 63

Michelangelo High Renaissance (195-1520) Libian Sibyl ﬁgure from North Africa Michelangelo Located near the altar, looks like she is looking at the altar while she is reaching back to close the prophecies book. Twisted and contorted, in 16th century undergarmet. The molding frame is all paint, its ﬂat. Red chalk drawing of the Libian Sibyl, male model cuz the back is muscular.

Answer 64

Michelangelo High Renaissance (195-1520) The Altar wall of the Sistine chapel The Last Judgment Michelangelo Jesus is at the top center, warding oﬀ the damed. Virgin Mary is at Christs side looks as if to sit in fear. Its no compartmentalized like the ceiling, its one large painting. The ﬁgures are surrounded by blue. Michelangelo was contracted to use his money for the supplies. But with this there was another account he could use. By using the Aquamarine stone you could get blue, very expensive. All where presented as nnude ﬁgures, but in 1555 Pope Paul IV was bothered by the nudity, asked Michelangelo to add clothes on people. Michelangelo said "It can be made suitable, when you make the world a suitable place." So somebody else came in to paint loin clothes on people.

Answer 65

Michelangelo High Renaissance (195-1520) Giuliano de' Medici with allegorical figures of Day and Night

Answer 66

Michelangelo High Renaissance (1495-1520) Rebuilding of St. Peters 1506 Architect: Bramente Peter was buried in Rome on the site of the church; it is considered sacred. First Bishop and First Pope of Rome. Basilica style. Pope Julius decides to rebuild the badly beaten down church. This is remarkably designed diﬀerently, a central plan. (Central Plan - altar in the middle, Basilica=altar at one end) He is playing with a Greek Cross, all arms are the same length. 4 doors, 5 domes, center dome surrounded by 4 small domes. Main dome=Jesus, small dome=evangelists. Central Plan uses a Greek Cross for its design. So Pope Julius uses a stall tactic trying to keep Michelangelo in Rome, so he could paint it. But everyone dies (Bramante and Pope Julius) but Michelangelo. Its not complete until 1546, but he tries to get it ﬁnished during the 1540s, he dies in 1554 and it is still not ﬁnished. Another architect takes over and ﬁnishes it by the late 1500s. Michelangelo had changed the plans Pope Julius made, he changes it drastically with only one entrance, and columns. Important inspirational model for DOME designs. There are architectural papers made up.

Answer 67

The Tempest Giorgione High Renaissance (1495-1520) Not a religious painting. The lady is breast feeding her child outside. A complete ﬁction painting. A provocative painting for the time. Stormy, lightning bolt, man watching her. This was the ﬁrst time someone painted from their own thoughts, not following something.

Answer 68

High Renaissance (1495-1520) Pesaro Madonna Artist: Titian 1519-26 Titian is know for painting all reclining nudes, like centerfolds for wealthy merchants. Altarpiece, commissioned by the Pesaro family for their church in Venice, to commemorate a victory against the Islams, Mr. Pesaro was a commander in the navy that was funded by the vatican. Pesaro is in the bottom left, praying to Mary; which makes no sense, since Mary was well before he was even born. St. Peter is the blue outﬁt, with a key dangling oﬀ his foot. St. Francis is wearing the monk outﬁt with the stigmata on his hands. He is introducing all the Pesaro family members on the far right. Red Flag guy holding the papal code of arms ﬂag, in armor is St. George. Sacra Conversione is clearly being used. A very prominent diagonal line makes the viewer follow the painting, this adds to the dramatic eﬀect.

Answer 69

High Renaissance (1495-1520) Venus of Urbino Reclining nude in a 16th century setting, with servants behind her. Issue of ﬁdelity because we are very close to the bed, her hand is very close to her private area. It may have a double meaning where her hand is. Symbolism of the dog on the bed. The model is looking out ﬂirtatiously. Perspective is being used.

Answer 70

High Renaissance (1495-1520) ## Footnote Olympian Artist: Edward Maned (said Man e) 1863 He was copying from the Titian images, playing on the Titian image. Shoes too own, she looks bolder, sitting there. Cat with tail up is sexual tension; almost phalic. He purposely uses ﬂatness, keeping the eyes on the surface. Maned uses the partition of the wall like in Titians. They both have ﬂowers, ruﬄed bedding. She looks more like a prostitute. Olympia was used for a prostitute. He was trying to enliven Titian, but many people got upset about it. He uses Titian as a spring board to his modernism approaches. Then when Monet comes around, Maned is already controversial, Monet pioneers Impressionism and becomes controversial as well.

Answer 71

Rosso Fiorentino Descent from the cross Mannerism (1520-1600) 1521 No one point perspective, his feet are in the center. Introduces the new sensibility on handling religious pictures.

Answer 72

Mannerism (1520-1600) Entombment 1525-28 Jacopo Pontormo Still in a church that Brunelleschi created in the 1500's You do not see the cross or the tomb. Looks very chaotic. He is avoiding the pure colors, using muddy green, yellow. All activity is in the front plane. The church was getting upset about these images, where they trying to mock these subjects. During this time the church was getting ﬂack with the Protestant movement as well.

Answer 73

Mannerism (1520-1600) Madonna with the Long Neck Parmigianino Small statue/person on the right lower. Holding a scroll, looking outside the viewing frame. Christ child looks bigger and dead/ Parmigianino is playing with a celebrated high renaissance Michelangelo Piata, she has this enormous lap, the layout is exactly the same, just ﬂipped. All features are elongated, you can see here belly area. Mary is more traditional-slender nose, slender face, face turned, long neck, really long legs. Cluster of angels on the left (almost like Rockettes/leg showing).

Answer 74

Mannerism (1520-1600) The Salt Cellar Cellini 10inx13in 1539-43 Gold enamel and precious gems, salt holder and peppercorns. Poseidon and the earth mother ﬁgure who is holding her nipples. Very sexual Many sea creatures surround it. Meant for a dinning room table. Commissioned by King Francis the 1st of France. He is the one who originally buys the Mona Lisa. Cellini is references Michelangelo's the Tomb of Medici of Night/Day. Now in a museum in Vienna Austria. Stolen in May 2003, tried to sell in 2006, they used their cell phones. Which was tracked, of course, and they where found and arrested.

Answer 75

Mannerism (1520-1600) ## Footnote Battle of the Sabine Woman 1583 Giambologne 3 ﬁgure composition, life size. Marble. Installed as a public monument on a loggia in the city of Florence. Across from the Pallatzio Vecchio which held the David (Michelangelo). Same material and twisted ﬁgures like Michelangelo. Subject goes back to Ancient Roman history, when the Romans didn't have enough woman to procreate, the Romans took Sabine woman and used them. More dramatic, makes you want to walk around in. Its stop action, in the moment. Compared to Michelangelo whose is before the action. You have MOTION and EMOTION. The Feast in the House of Levi Artist: Veronese Oil on Canvas, 42 feet wide by 18 ft tall. Its separated in three parts like a Triptych. Jesus is in the center. The size of this painting, all people painted must be life size. Painted for a convent, dinning room, in Venice. Linear Perspective. Has the inscription of the Gospel of Luke.

Answer 76

Mannerism (1520-1600) P. Veronese Feast in the House of Levi Oil on Canvas, 42 feet wide by 18 ft tall. Its separated in three parts like a Triptych. Jesus is in the center. The size of this painting, all people painted must be life size. Painted for a convent, dinning room, in Venice. Linear Perspective. Has the inscription of the Gospel of Luke.

Answer 77

The Last Supper 1592-3 Tintoretto Tintorettos family was in the dying fabric business. Altarpiece

Answer 78

Baroque (1600-1750)

Answer 79

Baroque (1600-1750) C. Maderno St. Peters Facade

Exam 3 Flashcards

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