Exam 3 Flashcards
(341 cards)
1
Q
Ampulla
A
Sac-like dilation of a canal or duct
2
Q
Ampule
A
Small sealed glass of fluid for injection
3
Q
Ascites
A
Accumulation of excessive fluid in the abdominal cavity
4
Q
Bursa
A
Fibrous sac between tendon and bone or tendon and ligaments lined by a synovial membrane containing synovial fluid
5
Q
Bursitis
A
Inflammation of a bursa
6
Q
Calyces
A
Cup-like collection area for the urine in the inner part of the kidneys
7
Q
Capsule
A
Fibrous sheath that encloses an organ
8
Q
Capsulotomy
A
Cutting into a capsule (of the lens of the eye)
9
Q
Cisterna Magna
A
Large area of cerebrospinal fluid collection between the cerebellum and the medulla
10
Q
Cremaster Muscle
A
Muscle that helps suspend the testicles and can pull them up toward the abdomen
11
Q
Follicle
A
Invagination of the skin’s surface that generates hair shafts; Cavity in the ovaries that nourishes an egg (ovum)
12
Q
Patella
A
Knee cap; Shallow dish-shaped sesamoid bone
13
Q
Pelvis
A
Basin-shaped group of bones that forms the hips
14
Q
Pyelonephritis
A
Inflammation of the kidney with an accumulation of pus in the “basin” i.e. calyces
15
Q
Pyelography
A
Injection of a dye for x-ray exam of the kidney calyces
16
Q
Saccule
A
Small pouch or cavity
17
Q
Sacculation
A
Act of forming small cavities
18
Q
Thecal
A
Referring to a sheath or case (often refers to a tissue case for ovarian follicles)
19
Q
Vas Deferens
A
Canal for semen going away from the testes
20
Q
Vascular
A
Pertaining to blood vessels
21
Q
Coitus
A
Sexual Connection between male and female
22
Q
Commisure
A
Site of union of corresponding parts (corners of mouth and eyelids)
23
Q
Concentric
A
Having a common center (various sized overlapping rings with same center)
24
Q
Endocrine
A
Secreting blood-bourne messages to other organs
25
Hematocrit
Percentage of blood components in relation to total volume of a blood sample that has been separated by centrifugation
26
Desmoid
Fibrous like a ligament
27
Desmorrhexis
Rupture of a ligament
28
Enantiobiosis
Two organisms that live together but antagonize each other's development
29
Fissure
Deep cleft
30
Fission
Asexual reproduction when a cell divides into daughter cells
31
Hapten
Substance that fastens to a small protein to form a complex that can trigger an allergic reaction
32
Ligature
String, rubber band, or wire for surgical tying
33
Ligament
Sheet or band of tough, fibrous tissue connecting bone at a joint or supporting an organ
34
Centripetal
Seeking the center
35
Gastropexy
Fastening the stomach to the abdominal wall
36
Hysteropexy
Fastening the uterus to the abdominal wall or vagina
37
Schistosomiasis
Blood fluke parasite; Male has a groove down the length of his body to hold the female when mating
38
Schistocyte
Sliced red blood cell
39
Schizophrenia
Split personality
40
Schizonychia
Splitting of fingernails or townails
41
Anal Sphincter
Ring-like muscle that constricts the anus
42
Urethral Sphincter
Ring-like muscle that constricts the urethra (urine canal)
43
Systole
Contraction of the heart chambers
44
Symphysis
Immovable joint united by plate of fibrocartilage (sacral iliac symphysis; pelvis)
45
Valgus
Bent or twisted outward
46
Valgus Knee (Genu Valgum)
Knock-kneed (turned in knees); Contradictory since valgus means bent outward
47
Varus
Bent or twisted inward
48
Varus Knee (Genu Varum)
Bow-legged; Contradictory since varus means bent inward
49
Xenodiagnosis
Use of lab animals to diagnose a parasitic disease
50
Xenograft
Transplant of tissue from one species to another
51
Aqueous Humor
Clear watery fluid in the front chamber of the eye
52
Biliary
Relating to bile production and excretion
53
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gall bladder
54
Chylomicron
Fat globule transported in blood or lymphatic fluid (turbid white or yellow "juice")
55
Chylothorax
Accumulation of chyle (lymphatic fluid) in the chest
56
Coprophagy
Habit of eating excrement
57
Coprophagous
Feeding on excrement
58
Dacryoadenitis
Inflammation of the tear gland
59
Eleotherapy
Treatment internally or externally with oil
60
Fecal
Referring to digestive waste
61
Fecalith
Firm mass of digestive waste
62
Galactorrhea
Flow of milk
63
Galactose
Milk sugar
64
Cholecystagogue
Agent that causes gall bladder contraction
65
Hemocyte
Blood cell in vertebrates
66
Hidrosis
Sweating
67
Hidradenitis
Inflammation of sweat gland
68
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of fluid in the brain
69
Hygroma
Cystic swelling containing watery fluid
70
Hygroscopic
Retaining moisture
71
Lactose
Milk sugar
72
Lactation
Process of producing milk
73
Lymphocyte
Primary cell in lymph (watery circulating body fluid)
74
Lymphedema
Swelling of tissues due to obstruction of lymph channels
75
Mucous
Relating to a slimy substance
76
Mucosa
Mucous membrane
77
Myxedema
Firm swelling caused by accumulating slimy material between cells (mucopolysaccharides)
78
Myxomatosis
Disease of rabbits caused by pox virus characterized by tumors of slimy material
79
Plasmacytoma
Tumor of plasma cells, producer of plasma (clotting protein containing fluid of body)
80
Plasmin
Enzyme in plasma that digests clots
81
Pyoderma
Skin disease caused by pus in the skin
82
Pyometra
Pus collection in the uterus
83
Rhinorrhea
Runny nose
84
Diarrhea
Frequent and excessive evacuation of watery feces
85
Sanguineous
Relating to loss of blood
86
Serum
Resulting fluid of blood after clot forms
87
Serosanguineous
Fluid with aspects of both serum and blood caused by a disease
88
Sialocele
Cyst containing saliva (also called a ranula)
89
Sialoadenitis
Inflammation of a salivary gland
90
Stercorous
Relating to excrement
91
Sudoriferous
Producing sweat
92
Acetabulum
Wine glass-like socket of the hip joint
93
Acetaminophen
Pain reliever that contains an acetyl group, related to acetic acid (vinegar)
94
Adipose
Fat tissue
95
Albuminuria
Protein in urine related to egg white protein
96
Amygdaloid
Almond-shaped group of nerve cells in primitive part of brain
97
Amyloid
Protein combined with a starch
98
Amylase
Enzyme that breaks down starch
99
Casein
Milk protein found in cheese
100
Caseous
Dying tissue that begins to look like cheese (common with tuberculosis)
101
Creatine
Compound formed for energy storage in muscle
102
Creatinine
Waste product of protein metabolism excreted in urine
103
Galactostasis
No flow of milk
104
Farinaceous
Consisting of starch
105
Glycogenolytic
Something that breaks up the sugar links in glycogen
106
Hordeolum
Barleycorn-like swelling of the upper eyelid caused by plugged eyelid gland
107
Hyperkalemia
Excessive potassium in the blood
108
Hypokalemia
Insufficient potassium in the blood
109
Lecithin
Nutrient (phospholipid) from egg yolk (also found in the protective lining of nerves, myelin)
110
Lipoma
Tumor of fat tissue
111
Liposuction
Removal of excess fat by a needle and suction
112
Hypernatremia
Excess sodium in the blood
113
Natriuresis
Loss of sodium in urine
114
Nutrient
Food for the body
115
Nutritious
Providing energy and building substances for the body
116
Phagocyte
Cell that engulfs (eats) invaders or debris to be removed from the body
117
Pica
Desire to eat things that are unfit for food
118
Pimelorthopnea
To fat to breath laying down
119
Placenta
Large flat membrane that nourishes the young in the uterus
120
Placental
Referring to the placenta
121
Proteolytic
Something that breaks down proteins
122
Saccharine
Relating to sweetness
123
Sebaceous
Relating to an oily/fatty secretion of skin oil glands
124
Seborrhea
Skin disease characterized by excessive oiliness
125
Siderocyte
Red blood cell containing granules of free iron
126
Steatitis
Inflammation of fat
127
Steatorrhea
Greasy, watery feces
128
Synovial
Referring to an egg white surface of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae
129
Synovitis
Inflammation of synovial membranes
130
Tyrosine
Amino acid from cheese, breakdown product of casien
131
Tyrophagus
Species of mites, name means "cheese eater"
132
Vitelline
Pertaining to the yolk of eggs or an embryo's yolk
133
Neuralgia
Pain from nerve fibers
134
Proctalgia
Pain from anus or rectum
135
Dolorimetry
Measurement of pain
136
Colic
Acute abdominal pain
137
Nociceptor
Pain receptor of nerves
138
Pleurodynia
Pain from the muscles between ribs
139
Mastodynia
Pain in the breast
140
Ponograph
Instrument to measure pain in contracting muscle
141
Hyperesthesia
Abnormal increase in sensitivity or feeling
142
Excoriation
Scratches or abrasions of the skin
143
Libido
Sexual desire
144
Misogyny
Hatred of women
145
Nausea
Feeling of sickness in stomach leading to vomiting
146
Palliative
Affording relief but not a cure
147
Photophobia
Fear of light/Sensitive to light
148
Hydrophobia
Fear of water (considered sign of rabies)
149
Placebo
Inactive (dummy, control) medical treatment
150
Placebo Effect
Perceived beneficial effect caused by expectation of treatment rather than treatment itself. As much as 30% of people report effects of placebo drugs
151
Satiaty
Full gratification of appetite or thirst
152
Dysthemia
Depression
153
Androgen
Substance that promotes masculinization
154
Anthropomorphism
Attributing human form or characteristics to non-humans
155
Anthropology
Study of the origins of humans
156
Atavism
Acquiring a genetic trait from a remote ancestor
157
Endemic
Disease prevalant in a particular location
158
Epidemic
Rapidly spreading disease of humans in the same area, at the same time
159
Epizootic
Animal epidemic
160
Pandemic
World-wide human disease outbreak
161
Gamete
Sperm or ova
162
Gametogenesis
Production of sperm or ova
163
Genetics
Study of heredity
164
Genodermatosis
Genetic origin (inherited) skin disease
165
Gynecomastia
Woman-like development of breast tissue in a man
166
Parthenogenesis
Virgin born, not resulting from a mating
167
Phylum
Primary division in the animal kingdom
168
Presbyopia
Aging change in eye accommodation, far-sighted
169
Puberty
Time of adult sex characteristics and reproduction
170
Puerperal
Pertaining to the mother of a newborn
171
Allokinesis
Involuntary movement (reflex or passive)
172
Allele
One of a matched pair of genes at like locations on a chromosome with the same function
173
Allelotaxis
Development of an organ from tissues of different origin (ex: adrenal gland)
174
Anomaly
Deviation from the normal
175
Anomalous
Deviating from a general rule
176
Autogenous
Originating from the same individual that receives it (ex: tissue graft or vaccine)
177
Autoimmune
Immune system becomes sensitized against its own tissue
178
Idiopathic
Relating to an illness with unknown cause (literally "self produced sickness" but this is not how the term is used)
179
Idiosyncracy
Structural or behavioral characteristic peculiar to an individual
180
Nomenclature
Classification of names
181
Proprioception
Sensing stimuli (position or movement) from one's own body
182
Comatose
Unconsciousness when patient cannot be aroused
183
Hypnosis
Sleep-like condition with heightened suggestibility
184
Hypnotic
Inducing sleep
185
Carotid
Principal artery of the neck (compression of both causes loss of consciousness)
186
Narcosis
Reversible depression and insensitivity
187
Narcotic
Agent that reduces pain, alters mood and behavior, and usually induces sleep or stupor
188
REM
Rapid eye movement
189
Somnolence
Excessive drowsiness or sleepiness
190
Soporific
Causing profound sleep
191
Stupor
Reduced or suspended sensibility, numbness
192
Lipase
Fat enzyme, breaks down fat
193
Arthritis
Inflammation of a joint
194
Myalgia
Muscle pain
195
Lipolysis
Breaking down fat
196
Bilirubin
Pigment produced by the liver processing red blood cell breakdown products
197
Cholelith
Gall stone
198
Hemolysis
Braking up of red blood cells
199
Sputum
Spit
200
Glycogen
Sugar molecules linked together
201
Dysphagia
Difficulty eating
202
Enzyme
Any protein that catalyzes chemical reactions without being destroyed or altered (as in yeast fermenting starches)
203
Angina
Spasmodic, choking type of pain (angina pectoris is a pain from lack of blood to the heart
204
Analgesia
Blocking pain perception without altering consciousness
205
Anesthesia
Lack of sensation or feeling
206
Gynecology
Study of diseases of women's genital tract
207
Allograft
Transplant from donor of same species, but of different genetic makeup
208
Ideology
Study of the development of ideas
209
Lethargy
Drowsy behavior
210
Logoplegia
Paralysis of the speech organs (literally "paralysis of thought")
211
Megalomania
Unreasonable conviction of one's own greatness
212
Kleptomania
Obsessive desire to steal
213
Amnesia
Loss of memory
214
Anamnesis
Patient's memory of medical history (literally "not a loss of memory")
215
Paranoia
Delusions of persecution
216
Aphonia
No voice
217
Dysphonia
Abnormal sounding voice
218
Sedation
Act of calming
219
Ablate
Separate or detach
220
Abrade
Rub away an outer layer
221
Abscess
Localized collection of pus
222
Acupuncture
Insertion of needles
223
Amputation
Removal of a limb or appendage
224
Ballistics
Study of projectiles
225
Anabolism
Building phase of metabolism
226
Catabolism
Breaking down to release energy
227
Bruxism
Involuntary grinding of teeth
228
Cathartic
Causing emptying of the bowels
229
Receptor
Cell of nerve ending that responds to sensations
230
Incipient
Beginning to exist or appear
231
Osteoclasis
Surgical breaking of a bone
232
Hypodermoclysis
Injection of fluids beneath the skin
233
Diabetes
Passing through in the urine (sugar and/or water)
234
Diathermy
Generating local body heat by passing electromagnetic, electric, and ultrasonic waves through the area
235
Decussate
To cross from one side to the other
236
Dehiscence
Splitting open
237
Dessicant
Causing to dry up
238
Dilation
Expand wider, open wider
239
Dissection
Act of cutting apart
240
Dynamogenesis
Development of energy in muscles or nerves
241
Thyroidectomy
Removal of the thyroid
242
Hysterectomy
Removal of the uterus
243
Ergonomics
Study of efficient use of human effort
244
Abortifacient
Causing abortion
245
Efferent
Carrying away from the center
246
Afferent
Carrying toward the center
247
Fracture
Breaking, usually of a bone
248
Vermifuge
Dewormer
249
Gelatin
Water soluble, glutinous protein produced from boiling skin, bone, hooves, and connective tissue of animals
250
Gelatinous
Like jelly, viscous
251
Electrocardiogram
Recording the voltages of the beating heart
252
Injection
Forcing a liquid into the body
253
Luxation
Dislocation
254
Autolysis
Self-destruction by enzymes present in the body
255
Oscilloscope
Instrument that makes an image on a monitor by swinging beam shining on a fluorescent screen
256
Palpate
Examine by touch with the hand
257
Repellent
Able to drive away
258
Propellant
Something that provides thrust or driving power
259
Percussion
Tapping to access sounds produced
260
Neutrophilia
Increase in the number of white blood cells (typically of infection)
261
Hemophilia
Male-linked, inherited clotting deficiencies
262
Phlegmon
Acute, severe infection with inflammation beneath the skin
263
Phlogistic
Causing inflammation
264
Physocele
Tumor filled with gas
265
Pinocytosis
Taking in of fluid into cell's cytoplasm
266
Anaplasia
Reversion of cells to an immature form (common of neoplasia, ie cancer)
267
Rhinoplasty
Surgical reconstruction of the nose
268
Plessimeter
Small thin plate to receive the blow from a plexor (rubber hammer) for percussion (also called a pleximeter)
269
Plessesthesia
Thumping the fingers while palpating
270
Potable
Fit to drink
271
Apraxia
Incoordination without impairment of sensory or motor function (caused by a problem in the higher levels of the brain)
272
Resuscitation
Act of attempting to revive a patient
273
Gastrorrhaphy
Suturing operation on the stomach
274
Cystorrhaphy
Suturing operation on the urinary bladder
275
Bronchoscopy
Looking at the inside of the bronchi (lower windpipes)
276
Colonoscopy
Looking at the inside of the colon
277
Prescription
Written instructions for future care
278
Sphygmomanometer
Blood pressure meter
279
Peristalsis
Movement of the intestines or other tubular organs
280
Protraction
Drawing out or lengthening
281
Retract
Pulling back or in
282
Triage
Sorting out the casualties of disasters
283
Angiotribe
Surgical forceps for crushing arteries
284
Lithotripsy
Crushing a urinary or gall stone
285
Vector
Carrier of an infective agent from one host to another
286
Avulsion
Ripping or tearing apart
287
Convulsion
Intense, incoordinated, involuntary muscular contraction ("To pull together" - true of primates)
288
Agglutinate
Glue together
289
Barium
Heavy metal used for contrast studies with radiography (x-ray)
290
Baroreceptor
Monitor tissue for blood pressure
291
Callus
Hard thickening of the skin or bone
292
Callous
To become hardened
293
Cerumen
Earwax
294
Ceruminolytic
Agent that dissolves earwax
295
Colloid
Jelly-like mixture of particles in a liquid medium
296
Collodion
Nitrocellulose solution in ether or alcohol (drug solvent or wound sealant)
297
Crystalluria
Crystals in the urine
298
Indurated
Made hard
299
Eburnation
To make hard and dense like ivory
300
Glioma
Brain tumor composed of neuroglia cells
301
Neuroglia
Cells that support and insulate nerve cells
302
Gluten
Tough viscous material left after wheat is washed to remove starch
303
Hyalosis
Degenerative change in the vitreous humor
304
Inspissated
Become thicker as if with dehydration
305
Leptospirosis
Slender spiral bacteria that causes inflammation of the kidney
306
Leptomeningitis
Inflammation of the pia mater or arachnoid membrane of the meninges surrounding the brain or spinal cord
307
Osteomalacia
Softening of bone
308
Emollient
Soothing (feels soft) agent
309
Oleoresin
Oily plant sap that may cause contact allergy (ex: capsiacin from peppers used as a liniment)
310
Pachyderm
"Thick skin"
311
Pachymeningitis
Inflammation of the dura mater of the meninges
312
Petrous
Pertaining to the hard part of the temporal bone
313
Petrosal
Referring to the petrous temporal bone
314
Osteoporosis
Demineralization of bone
315
Scirrhous
Firm and fibrous
316
Sclera
Dense white outer covering of most of the eye
317
Spongiosis
Edema of the spongy layer of the skin
318
Cholesterol
Solid alcohol first discovered in gall stones
319
Stereoscopic
Pertaining to 3-dimensional vision
320
Viscous
Sticky, thick, and resistant to flow
321
Viscosity
Measuring the resistance of flow
322
Cholagogue
Stimulating the flow of bile
323
Thoracocentesis
Placing a needle into the chest to collect a fluid sample
324
Abdominocentesis
Placing a needle into the abdomen to collect a fluid sample
325
Arthrodesis
Surgical fusion of a joint
326
Centrifuge
Spinning instrument to separate components of a liquid by specific gravity
327
Pathogenesis
Act of producing sickness
328
Homogenesis
Reproduction which results in offspring that resemble their parents
329
Cachexia
Generally ill health and malnutrition (literally "bad habit")
330
Hormone
Chemical signal sent from one organ to another via the blood stream
331
Organ
Differentiated tissue with a specific function
332
Organogenesis
Development process of an organ
333
Colostomy
Creating an opening from the colon to the surface of the body
334
Gastrotomy
Incision into the stomach
335
Cystotomy
Incision into the urinary bladder
336
Anatomy
Dissection of the body to study its structure
337
Dysplasia
Abnormal development
338
Aplasia
Failure to develop
339
Cystoplasty
Surgical reconstruction of the urinary bladder
340
Hematopoiesis
Making red blood cells
341
Dura Mater
Tough, fibrous outer coat of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
