Exam 4 Flashcards
(430 cards)
1
Q
Abducent
A
Drawing away from the midline; Also the VI cranial nerve
2
Q
Abduction
A
Drawing away from the midline; Referring to limbs
3
Q
Adrenal
A
Next to the kidney
4
Q
Adduction
A
Drawing toward the midline; Referring to limbs
5
Q
Actinic
A
Relating to the chemical changes caused by radiant energy (sunlight)
6
Q
Actinodermatitis
A
Skin inflammation caused by exposure to sunlight
7
Q
Anterior
A
Placed in front of
8
Q
Anterolateral
A
In front of and away from the midline/toward the side
9
Q
Apocrine
A
Pinched off portion of a cell that is released with secretory product
10
Q
Aponeurosis
A
Sheet of fibrous tissue binding muscles together or muscle to bone
11
Q
Cathode
A
Negatively charged electrode
12
Q
Caudal
A
Of, at, or near the tail
13
Q
Caudad
A
Toward the tail
14
Q
Caudectomy
A
Surgical removal of the tail
15
Q
Cranial
A
Relating to the skull
16
Q
Craniotomy
A
Surgical incision into the skull
17
Q
Decompose
A
Break down into various components
18
Q
Dehydrate
A
To deplete of body water
19
Q
Dextrose
A
Structural form of glucose that rotates to the right
20
Q
Dexterity
A
Grace in physical movement
21
Q
Diuresis
A
Excessive discharge of urine
22
Q
Distal
A
Away from a reference point
23
Q
Disinfection
A
Treatment to destroy harmful organisms
24
Q
Dissect
A
Cut apart for the study of anatomy
25
Dorsal
Of or near the back
26
Eccentric
Deviating from expectation
27
External
Outside
28
Ectoparasite
Parasite that lives on the outside of the body
29
Flexion
Act of bending a joint or limb
30
Deflection
Deviation from expectation
31
Lateral
Situated at or on the side
32
Lateroabdominal
On the side of the abdomen
33
Levorotation
Counterclockwise rotation
34
Levothyroxine
Left directed isomer of thyroid hormone (active form)
35
Median
Midline that divides the body into equal right and left halves
36
Occlude
To obstruct
37
Opisthotonus
Spasm of the body with the head and heels bent backwards
38
Palmar
Relating to the palm of the hand
39
Pernasal
Performed through the nose
40
Peracute
Very rapid and violent
41
Percutaneous
Passed through the skin
42
Plantar
Relating to the sole of the foot
43
Plantigrade
Walking on the sole of the foot
44
Posterior
Relating to the caudal end of the quadriceps and the dorsal area of primates
45
Posterolateral
Caudal (or dorsal) and away from the midline/toward the side
46
Pronate
To turn the palmar surface down or back
47
Proximal
Nearer to a reference point
48
Irradiation
Use of ionizing radiation
49
Relapse
Regress after a partial recovery
50
Reflex
Automatic response or reaction
51
Regurgitation
Act of flowing backward
52
Retrograde
Reverting to an earlier or inferior condition
53
Rostral
Referring to the nasal region
54
Rotary
Something that moves around an axis
55
Rotator
Muscle that aids in rotating a part of the body
56
Sagittal
Plane parallel to the medial plane
57
Sinister
On the left side (also means threatening evil)
58
Sinistromanual
Left-handed
59
Sternum
Breastbone
60
Sternomastoid
Structure that runs from the sternum to the base of the skull
61
Superior
Higher location
62
Superjacent
Lying immediately above
63
Supinate
Turn the palmar surface up or forward
64
Transverse
Lying across
65
Treponema
Genus of spiral bacteria (one causes syphilis)
66
Ventral
Relating to the abdominal area
67
Ventrodorsal
Extending from the abdominal surface to the dorsal surface
68
Versicolor
Having a variety of colors or changing colors
69
Craniolateral
Toward the head and out to the side
70
Acromegaly
Large extremities
71
Acral
Referring to extremities (hands and feet)
72
Antebrachium
Forearm (from the elbow to the wrist)
73
Antemortem
Before death
74
Anteroventral
Lower aspect of the front of the body
75
Antibiotic
Against microbes
76
Antisepsis
Against infection
77
Apicotomy
Incision into a pointed surface
78
Archencephalon
Primitive front and middle part of the brain
79
Axilla
Armpit area
80
Basisphenoid
Relating to the body of the sphenoid bone
81
Basioccipital
Bone in the base of the skull in front of the foramen magnum
82
Bathypnea
Deep breathing
83
Cecum
Relating to a sac-like cavity with one opening; blind ended pouch
84
Centrifugal
Fleeing the center
85
Circumferential
Line around a closed circle
86
Cortex
Outer layer of an organ
87
Bicuspid
Having two points (Ex: teeth and heart valve)
88
Tricuspid
Having three points (ex: heart valve)
89
Decubital
Relating to a bedsore
90
Ectopic
Abnormal location for an organ or body part
91
Empyema
Pus in a body cavity, especially the chest
92
Endometrium
Glandular mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus
93
Epidural
On or over the dura mater or spinal cord
94
Epidermis
Outermost part of the skin
95
Epidemiology
Study of the cause, distribution, and control of disease in groups of people (in animals, epizootiology is the proper term)
96
Esophoria
Tendency for eyes to deviate inwardly
97
Exophtalmos
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
98
Extravasation
Forcing blood or lymph out of vessels and into the surrounding tissue
99
Fundus
Portion of a hollow organ that is furthest from its opening (ex: fundus of the eye and the stomach)
100
Hypsodont
Teeth with high crowns and short roots
101
Inferior
Lower on the body
102
Inferolateral
Lower and to the side of the body
103
Infraorbital
Located beneath the orbit of the eye
104
Infraspinatus
Muscle beneath the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade)
105
Inguinal
Referring to the groin
106
Exocytosis
Intracellular vesicles are secreted by fusion with the outer cell membrane
107
Intercostal
Between the ribs
108
Intercellular
Between cells
109
Intracerebral
Between the cerebrum (large globe of the brain)
110
Juxtaposition
Located or placed side-by-side
111
Juxtaglomerulus
Near the glomerulus (kidney filter)
112
Locus
Place or location
113
Locomotor
Relating to movement from one place to another
114
Macula Lutea
Yellow spot on the retina that mediates the clearest, most detailed vision
115
Macula Densa
Spot of dense cells near the glomerulus that secretes the hormone renin
116
Mediolateral
From the middle toward the side
117
Medial
Toward the midline
118
Medulla
Inner core of an organ
119
Mesentery
Fold of peritoneum that connects organs to the dorsal, inner abdominal wall
120
Mesojejunum
Mesentery of the jejunum portion of the small intestines
121
Nidus
Point of origination or accumulation
122
Tentorium
Membranous covering or partition
123
Sensorium
Sensory portion of the body
124
Parathyroid
By the thyroid (glands that control calcium balance)
125
Paresthesia
Skin sensation without apparent cause
126
Periosteum
Dense fibrous covering of bone, except at the joints
127
Peribronchial
Surrounding the bronchus (lower airway in lungs)
128
Perineum
Area between the anus and genitals
129
Popliteal
Hollow back part of the knee area
130
Postprandial
After eating
131
Postoperative
After surgery
132
Postpartum
After birth
133
Premaxillary
In front of the maxillary bones
134
Prognosis
Prediction of the probable course or outcome of disease
135
Prosodemic
Disease that is transmitted from person to person
136
Hemostasis
Stoppage of bleeding
137
Hypostatic
Settling of blood in a lower aspect of an organ due to poor blood flow
138
Astigmatism
Unequal curvature of the cornea that prevents clear focus on one point of the retina
139
Subcutaneous
Under the skin
140
Subarachnoid
Beneath the arachnoid membrane (web part) of the meninges of the spinal cord
141
Synapse
Junction in which a nerve impulse passes to another nerve, muscle, or gland
142
Ataxia
Loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement
143
Chemotaxis
Movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a chemical stimulus
144
Phototaxis
Movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a light stimulus
145
Telecardiogram
Electrocardiogram obtained at a distance from a patient
146
Telemetry
Automatic measurement of data and transmission over distances by wire, radio, or other means
147
Telangiectases
Chronic dilation of a group of capillaries causing small dark red blotches on the skin
148
Topology
Anatomic structure of a specific area or part of the body
149
Transection
Divide or cut transversely
150
Extracorporeal
Located or occurring outside the body
151
Flux
Discharge of large quantity of fluid from the body
152
Glycolysis
Dissolving glucose sugar into simple components
153
Abdomen
Cavity between thoracic and pelvic cavities
154
Arthritis
Inflammation of a joint
155
Arthrocentesis
Puncture and aspiration of joint fluic
156
Articulate
United by joints
157
Auricle
Ear or ear-like appendage
158
Auricular
Pertaining to the ear
159
Blepharospasm
Twitch in eyelid
160
Blepharoptosis
Droopy upper eyelid
161
Brachiocephalic
Pertaining to the arm and the head
162
Buccal
Pertaining to or directed toward the cheek
163
Calcaneous
Heel bone
164
Canthus
Corner of the eyelid (medial and lateral canthus)
165
Caput
Head of a structure
166
Capitulum
Small head or rounded auricular process of a bone
167
Carpus
Wrist
168
Celiotomy
Surgical incision into the abdomen
169
Encephalitis
Inflammation inside the skull
170
Cerebellospinal
From the cerebellum to the spinal cord
171
Cerebrum
Main portion of the brian
172
Cervicofacial
Pertaining to the neck and face
173
Cervix
Neck-like entrance to the uterus
174
Cheilitis
Chapped or inflamed lips
175
Chiropractor
Person who attempts to heal by manipulation of the spine and other body parts
176
Cheirology
Signing for the deaf
177
Superciliary
Above the eyelashes (ex: eyebrows)
178
Corpuscle
"Little body"... Blood cell or globular structure such as nerve pressure receptors
179
Crus
Leg from knee to ankle
180
Antecubital
Pertaining to in front of (distal to) the elbow
181
Dentoalveolar
Pertaining the the teeth and their sockets
182
Facioplasty
Plastic surgery of the face
183
Femur
Thigh bone
184
Frontotemporal
Pertaining to the forehead and temples of the skull
185
Hypoglossal
Under the tongue; also XII cranial nerve
186
Glossopharyngeal
Pertaining the the tongue and throat; also IX cranial nerve
187
Epiglottis
Thin cartilage at base of tongue and above the larynx that flaps over the larynx during swallowing
188
Glottis
Opening of upper larynx (Just behind base of tongue)
189
Hepatoma
Benign tumor of the liver
190
Labial
Pertaining to lips
191
Laparotomy
Surgical incision through the flank
192
Laparoscopy
Examination of the interior of the abdomen with a scope (usually fiberoptic)
193
Lienopathy
Disease of the spleen
194
Lingual
Referring to the tongue
195
Longissimus Muscles
Long muscles along the spine
196
Lumbar
Pertaining to the loins
197
Lumbosacral
Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral vertebrae
198
Manipulate
To handle
199
Melosalgia
Pain in the lower limbs
200
Meloplasty
Reconstructive surgery of the cheek
201
Myelogenous
Produced in the bone marrow
202
Myelogram
Radiograph of spinal cord after administering surrounding contrast media
203
Neural
Pertaining to the nerves
204
Neurohypophysis
Posterior part of the pituitary that consists of nerve cells from the base of the brain
205
Notochord
Rod-like structure that forms the spinal column
206
Odontectomy
Tooth extraction
207
Omalgia
Shoulder pain
208
Omphalitis
Inflammation of the umbilicus (navel)
209
Onychophagia
Nail chewing
210
Onychectomy
Declaw
211
Oropharynx
Mouth and throat
212
Palpebral
Pertaining to the eyelids
213
Pancreatectomy
Surgical removal of the pancreas
214
Pectoral
Pertaining to the breast
215
Peritoneum
Lining of the abdomen and abdominal organs
216
Peroneal
Pertaining to the fibula
217
Pharyngeal
Pertaining to the throat
218
Pharyngitis
Sore throat
219
Phrenic
Pertaining to the diaphragm
220
Phrenospasm
Hiccup
221
Pinealoma
Tumor of a pinecone shaped gland (pineal gland) of the brain
222
Pleural
Relating to the inner lining of the chest and outer lining of the lungs
223
Pleuritis
Inflammation of the the chest lining
224
Podiatrist
Specialist in foot problems
225
Podalgia
Foot pain
226
Proctoscopy
Examination of the anus and rectum with a scope
227
Proctologist
Specialist in the anus and rectum
228
Prosopoplegia
Facial paralysis
229
Pysgostyle
Spinal tail of birds
230
Renal
Pertaining to the kidneys
231
Sarcoma
Malignant tumor of flesh tissue (not from lining cells of the body, which are called carcinomas)
232
Scelalgia
Pain in the lower part of the leg
233
Somatotropin
Growth hormone
234
Psychrosomatic
Mental or emotional problems that act as a physical problem
235
Splanchnic
Pertaining to the viscera (soft internal organs)
236
Thelorrhagia
Bloody discharge from nipple
237
Thoracolumbar
Pertaining to the junction of the chest and loin
238
Thymoma
Tumor of the thymus gland
239
Trachelorrhapy
Suture of torn or lacerated cervix
240
Tracheobronchitis
Inflammation of the windpipe and its branches
241
Uranoschisis
Cleft palate
242
Uvula
Little grape-like flesh that hangs from the soft palate in humans
243
Visceroparietal
Pertaining to soft internal organs and the abdominal wall
244
Alimentary
Concerned with nutrition
245
BM
Bowel Movement
246
Dyschezia
Difficulty in defecation
247
Hematochezia
Blood in the feces
248
Colon
Lower intestine
249
Adipsia
Not drinking
250
Polydipsia
Excessive drinking
251
Duodenum
Upper small intestine about 12 fingers widths long
252
Emetic
Causing vomiting
253
Emesis
Act of vomiting
254
Enteritis
Inflammation of the intestines
255
Esophagus
Food tube from pharynx to stomach
256
GI
Gastrointestinal
257
Gingival
Pertaining to the gums
258
Masseter
Chewing muscles of the jaw
259
MCT
Medium Chain Triglyceride
260
Molar
Tooth that grinds like a millstone
261
Opsonin
Something that is enticing to phagocytosis
262
Anorexia
Lack of appetite
263
Pepsin
Enzyme for digestive process
264
Dyspeptic
Discomfort following a meal
265
Ptyalin
Enzyme in saliva
266
Purgative
Causing the bowels to empty
267
Pyloromyotomy
Cutting the muscle at the end of the stomach
268
Scatoscopy
Examining the feces for diagnostic evidence
269
Hypertrophy
Excessive growth requiring excessive nutrients
270
Villi
Surface protrusions that are like tufts of hair
271
Ambulate
To walk
272
Ambulance
Vehicle to transport patients that cannot walk
273
Chondrosarcoma
Malignant tumor of cartilage
274
Cleidocranial
Pertaining to the clavicle and the head
275
Femoral Condyle
Rounded projections on the end of the thigh bone
276
Chostochondral
Pertaining to a rib and its cartilage
277
Coxofemoral
Pertaining to the hip and the thigh bone
278
Coxalgia
Pain in the hip
279
Craniospinal
Pertaining to the skull and the bones of the spine
280
DJD
Degenerative Joint Disease
281
Fibula
Smaller outer bone of the leg below the kneecap
282
Genioplasty
Reconstructive surgery of the chin
283
Genucubital
Pertaining to the knees and the elbows
284
Brachygnathia
Short jaw
285
Ischium
Lower part of the hip bone
286
Kinesiology
Study of body's movement
287
Ossification
Forming bone
288
Phalanx
Finger or tow bones
289
Rachiotome
Instrument for cutting the spine
290
Rhabdomyolysis
Breaking up of skeletal muscle
291
Sacrum
Triangular bone below lumber vertebrae
292
Sacroiliac
Junction of the end of the spine and the hip bone
293
Scapula
Shovel-shaped bone (shoulder blade)
294
Pylorospasm
Involuntary contraction of the end of the stomach
295
Spasmolytic
Stopping an involuntary contraction
296
Spondylopathy
Disease of the spine
297
Sternocostal
Pertaining to the breastbone and ribs
298
Syndesmorrhaphy
Suturing of a ligament
299
Talotibial
Pertaining to the ankle and the large lower leg bone
300
Talus
Highest of the ankle bones
301
Tarsus
Ankle, bone in angle between the tibia and metatarsals of the foot
302
Tarsalgia
Pain in the ankle
303
Tendotome
Instrument used to cut a tendon
304
Tibia
Inner, large bone of the leg below the knee
305
Tibiotarsal
Junction between large shin bone and ankle
306
Tonometer
Instrument for measuring eye tension (pressure)
307
Ulna
Bone of forearm from elbow to little finger side of wrist
308
BPH
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
309
BUN
Blood Urine NItrogen
310
CRD
Chronic Renal Disease
311
CRF
Chronic Renal Failure
312
Nocturnal Enuresis
Bed wetting
313
GFR
Glomerular Filtration Rate
314
IVP
Intravenous Pyelography
315
Pollakiuria
Abnormally frequent urination
316
Sp Gr
Specific Gravity
317
Spectrometer
Instrument that measures index of light reflection
318
UA
Urinalysis
319
Anuresis
Urine retention
320
Ureter
Urine tube from the kidney to the bladder
321
Ureterolith
A calculus (stone) in the ureter
322
Urethra
Urine tube from the bladder to the outside
323
Nephropathy
Disease of the kidney
324
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
325
Pyuria
Pus in the urine
326
UTI
Urinary Tract Infection
327
Vesicorenal
Pertaining to the kidney and the urinary bladder
328
Osteology
Study of bone
329
Tendon of Origin
Tendon attached to the most stable bone
330
Tendon of Insertion
Tendon attached to the bone that moves the most
331
Adductor
Muscle pulling toward the midline
332
Abductor
Muscle pulling away from the midline
333
Extensor
Muscle straightening a limb
334
Flexor
Muscle bending a limb
335
Gracilis
Slender
336
Rectus
Straight
337
Transversus
Crosswise
338
Vastus
Great/Big
339
Obicularis
Surrounding, Encircling
340
Micturition
Voiding of urine
341
Incontinence
Dribbling urine
342
Corpse
Dead body
343
Hepatotoxic
Poisonous to the liver
344
Latissimus Dorsi
Broadest muscle of the back
345
Myelin
White fatty material that covers nerves for fast conduction of impulses
346
Pellagra
Rough skin from niacin (B-vitamin) deficiency
347
Rhinoplasty
Reconstructive surgery of the nose
348
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the nose
349
Splenomegaly
Enlarged spleen
350
Thoracotomy
Surgical incision into the pleural cavity
351
Borboygmus
Digestive rumbling
352
Ileum
Last part of the small intestines before the colon
353
Jejunum
Middle segment of the small intestines
354
Pylorus
Gate from the stomach to the duodenum
355
Trismus
Spasm of the chewing muscles
356
Atrophy
Wasting away, as if from no nutrition
357
Polydactyly
Excessive number of fingers or toes
358
Ilium
Upper part of the hip bone
359
Mandible
Lower jawbone
360
Maxilla
Upper jawbone
361
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of the bones of a joint
362
Cerebrospinal
Pertaining to the brain and the spinal cord
363
AED
Automated External Defibrillator
364
Angiogram
Radiograph after administering a contrast media in the vessel
365
Angiogenesis
Growing new blood vessels
366
Artery
Blood vessel that carries air (oxygenated blood)
367
Arterial
Pertaining to carrying of oxygenated blood
368
Atherosclerosis
Yellow plaques in arteries
369
AV
Atrioventricular
370
BP
Blood Pressure
371
Bradycardia
Slow heart beat
372
Cardiovascular
Pertaining to heart and blood vessels
373
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
374
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
375
CVP
Central Venous Pressure
376
ECG/EKG
Electrocardiogram
377
HR
Heart Rate
378
Infarction
Necrosis of tissue from obstructed arterial supply
379
LA
Left Arm
380
LL
Left Leg
381
RA
Right Arm
382
RL
Right Leg
383
mm Hg
MIllimeters of mercury
384
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
385
Pulse
Palpable expansion and contraction of an artery
386
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contraction
387
Arrythmia
Lack of heart rhythm
388
RV
Right Ventricle
389
SA
Sinoatrial
390
Saphenous Vein
Obvious vein above the heel or hock
391
Stethoscope
Instrument for listening to heart sounds
392
Tachycardia
Rapid heart rate
393
Venostasis
Stopping the flow of unoxygenated blood
394
Venipuncture
Sticking a needle in a vein
395
Intravenous
Inside a vein
396
Aerophagia
Swallowing air
397
Anaerobic
Grows without air
398
Aspiration
Breathing in of a foreign substance
399
Asthma
Constriction and obstruction of airways
400
Bronchodilator
Something that opens the small airways
401
Bronchi
Airway branches off the trachea
402
Acapnia
Deficiency of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues
403
Capnophilic
Bacteria that grows best in carbon dioxide
404
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
405
Crepitation
Crackling sounds
406
Expectorate
To spit
407
Halitosis
Offensive odorous breath
408
Laryngoscope
Instrument to view the voice box
409
Laryngoplegia
Paralysis of the voice box
410
Nasolacrimal
Pertaining to the tear duct and nose
411
Anoxia
No oxygen
412
Hypoxia
Decreased oxygen
413
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs with congestion
414
Dyspnea
Difficulty in breathing
415
Cardiopulmonary
Pertaining to the heart and lungs
416
Rales
Fine crackles sounds in the lungs
417
Respiration
Act of breathing
418
Rhonchus
Continuous snoring sound in throat, trachea, and bronchi
419
Asphyxia
(Literally "lack of pulse") Contemporary meaning is suffocation
420
Spirogram
Graph of respiratory movements
421
Stertorous
Snoring or similar to snoring
422
TB
Tuberculosis
423
Antitussive
Cough suppressant
424
Pertussis
Whooping cough (bacterial disease)
425
URI
Upper Respiratory Infection
426
Ventilate
To replace air in an enclosed space
427
Infarct
Blocked arteries which causes tissue to die from lack of blood circulation
428
Thrombus
Clot in a blood vessel
429
ENT
Ear, Nose, and Throat
430
Epizootiology
Animal epidemiology
