Exam 3 Flashcards
(46 cards)
A-B problem
attitudes aren’t super great at predicting our behavior
attitude polarization
people’s attitudes become more serene as they reflect on them
automatic (implicit) attitude
fast, evaluative gut level responses that people don’t think about a great deal
deliberate (explicit) attitude
reflective responses that people think more carefully about
Classical conditioning
Type of learning in which, through repeated pairings, a neutral stimulus comes to evoke a conditioned response
Cognitive dissonance theory
Inconsistency in attitude and beliefs than in behavior
Attitude
Global evaluation toward some object or issue
Belief
Info about something; facts or opinions
Effort justification
When people suffer or work hard or make sacrifices, they will try to convince themselves that it is worthwhile
Operant conditioning
Learning in which people are more likely to repeat behaviors that are rewarded and less likely to repeat behaviors that are punished
Social learning/observational learning
We imitate what we see others doing, particularly if we see them rewarded for that behavior
Milgram Study: % who stopped at 150 volts or less (and who didn’t)
17.5% (82.5%)
Altruism
Seek to increase some else’s welfare and expect nothing in return
Bystander effect
People are less likely to offer help when they are in a group than when they are alone
Conformity
Going along with the crowd
Empathy-specific punishment hypothesis
X
Empathy-specific reward hypothesis
X
Forgiveness
Ceasing to feel angry toward or seek retribution against someone who has wronged you
How to increase Helping behavior
Call out specific people - reduces diffusion of responsibility
Tell them you need help - reduces pluralistic ignorance
Kin selection
More likely to help people who are related to us
Negative state relief hypothesis
X
Obedience
Following orders from an authority figure
Prisoner’s dilemma and cooperation
Communication is key
Prosocial behavior
Doing som thing that is good for other people or for society as a whole
