Exam 3

Question 1

Why do local variable lose their values between calls to the function in which they are defined?

Answer 1

Local variables lose their values to transfer the value

Question 2

What is the difference between an argument and a parameter variable?

Answer 2

An argument is values that are sent into a function and a parameter is a variable that holds a value being passed into a function.

Question 3

Where do you define parameter variables?

Answer 3

Define the parameter variable after the void statement in the parantheses

Question 4

If you are writing a function that accepts an argument and you want to make sure the function cannot change the value of the argument, what do you do?

Answer 4

Declare the function as a const

Question 5

When a function accepts multiple arguments, does it matter what order the arguments are passed?

Answer 5

Yes, when the function is written it expects each parameter to be of a certain type in a certain order.

Question 6

How do you return a value of a function?

Answer 6

Return y

Question 7

What is the advantage of breaking your applications code into several small procedures?

Answer 7

There are small, simpler functions so it’s easy to maintain and understand.

Question 8

How would a static local variable be useful?

Answer 8

Can refer to local static variable outside of the function

Question 9

Give an example where passing an argument by reference would be useful

Answer 9

To modify the value of the function arguemnts and to avoid making copies of an object for performance reasons

Question 10

The _ is the part of a function definition that shows the function name, return type, and parameter list.

Answer 10

Header

Question 11

If a function doesn’t return a value, the word _ will appear as it’s return type.

Answer 11

Void

Question 12

Either a functions _ or it’s _ must precede all calls to the function

Answer 12

Definition, prototype

Question 13

Values that are sent into a function are called

Answer 13

Arguments

Question 14

Special variables that hold copies of function argument are called _

Answer 14

Parameters

Question 15

When only a copy of an argument is passed to a function, it is said to be passed by

Answer 15

Value

Question 16

A(n) _ eliminates the need to place a function definition before all calls to the function

Answer 16

Prototype

Question 17

A _ variable is defined inside a function that is not accessible outside the function

Answer 17

Local

Question 18

_ variables are defined outside all functions and are accessible to any function within their scope

Answer 18

Global

Question 19

Unless you explicitly initialize global variables, they are automatically initialized to

Answer 19

Zero

Question 20

If a function had a local variable with the same name as a global variable, only the _ variable can be seen THE by the function

Answer 20

Local

Question 21

_ local variables retain ther value between function calls

Answer 21

static

Question 22

The _ statement causes a function to end immediately

Answer 22

return

Question 23

_ arguments are passed to parameters automatically if no argument is provided in the function call

Answer 23

default

Question 24

When a function uses a mixture of parameters with and without default arguments, the parameters with default arguemnts must be define _

Answer 24

last

Question 25

The value of a default argument must be a

Answer 25

constant

Question 26

When used as parameters, _ variables allow a function to access the parameters orginal argument

Answer 26

reference

Question 27

Reference variables are defined like regular variables, except there is an _ in front of the same name.

Answer 27

&

Question 28

The _ function causes a program to terminate

Answer 28

exit

Question 29

two or more functions may have the same name, as long as their _ are different

Answer 29

parameter lists

Question 30

What's the difference between a size declarator and a subscript?

Answer 30

The size declarator is used in a definition of an array to indicate the number of elements the array will have. A subscript is used to access a specific element in an array

Question 31

Look at the following array definition. in values [10]; how many elements does this array have? What is the subscript of the first element in the array? What is the subscript of the last element in the array? Assuming that an int uses four bytes of memory, how much memory does the array use?

Answer 31

The array has 10 elements. The subscript of the first element is zero. The subscript of the last element is 9. Using four-byte integers, this array uses 40 bytes of memory.

Question 32

Why should a function that accepts an array as an argument, and proccesses that array, also accept an argument specifying the array's size?

Answer 32

Because with the array alone, the function has now way of determining the number of elements it has.

Question 33

Consider the following array definition: int numbers [5] = {4, 7, 6, 8, 2]; What does each of the following statements display? cout << values [4] << endl; _ cout << (values [2] + values [3]) << endl; cout << ++values [1] << endl;

Answer 33

2 14 8

Question 34

How do you define an array without providing a seize declarating

Answer 34

By providing an initialization list. The array is sized to hold the number of values in the list.

Question 35

Look at the following array definition. int number [5] = {1, 2, 3}; What value is stored in number [2]? What value is stored in number [4]?

Answer 35

3 0

Question 36

Assuming that array1 and array2 are both arrays, why is it not possible to assign the contents of array2 to array1 with the following statement? array1=array2;

Answer 36

Because an array name without brackets and a subscript represents the array's beginning memory address. The statement shown attempts to assign the address of array2 to array1, which is not permitted.

Question 37

Assuming that numbers is an array of doubles, will the following statement display the contents of the array? cout << numbers << endl;

Answer 37

no

Question 38

Is an array passed to a function by value or referene?

Answer 38

by reference

Question 39

When you pass an array name as an argument to a function, what is actually being passed?

Answer 39

The array's beginning memory address.

Question 40

How do you establish a parallel relationship between two or more arrays?

Answer 40

By using the same subscript value for each array

Question 41

Look at the following array definition. double sales [8][10]; How many rows, columns, and elements does the array have? Write a statement that stores a number in the last column of the last row in the array.

Answer 41

Eight rows Ten columns 2 elements sales[8][10] = 75.2;

Question 42

When writing a function that accepts a two dimensional array as an argument, which size delcarator must you provide in the parameter for the array?

Answer 42

The programmer must include the number of columns and number of rows.

Question 43

What advantages does a vector offer over an array?

Answer 43

A vector can be change its size but an array is a fixed size

Question 44

The _ indicates the number of elements, or values, an array can hold.

Answer 44

size declarator

Question 45

The size declarator must be a(n) _________ with a value greater than _________.

Answer 45

integer 0

Question 46

Each element of an array is accessed and indexed by a number known as a(n) _________.

Answer 46

subscript

Question 47

The number inside the brackets of an array definition is the _________, but the number inside an array’s brackets in an assignment statement, or any other statement that works with the contents of the array, is the _________.

Answer 47

size declarator subscript

Question 48

C++ has no array _________ checking, which means you can inadvertently store data past the end of an array.

Answer 48

bounds

Question 49

Starting values for the elements of an array may be specified with a(n) _________ list.

Answer 49

initialization

Question 50

If an array is partially initialized, the uninitialized elements will be set to ____

Answer 50

zero

Question 51

If the size declarator of an array definition is omitted, C++ counts the number of items in the _________ to determine how large the array should be.

Answer 51

initialization list

Question 52

Any time the name of an array is used without brackets and a subscript, it is seen as ______

Answer 52

an address

Question 53

You cannot use the _________ operator to copy data from one array to another in a single statement.

Answer 53

=

Question 54

To pass an array to a function, pass the _ of the array.

Answer 54

address, or name

Question 55

An _ array is like several arrays of the same type put together

Answer 55

multi-dimensional