Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Zoology > Exam 3 Ch 20 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Ch 20 Flashcards

1
Q

External features

A

cuticles made of chitin, protein and calcareous material. Caraspare covers most of cephalothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tergum

A

Dorsal cuticular plate that covers each segment not enclosed by caraspace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pleurites

A

2 lateral covering plates that form the pleuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sternum

A

Ventral transverse bar that lies between segmental appendages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gonopores

A

Position varies according to sex and group of crustaceans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Protopod

A

(appendage) basal portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endopod

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Exopod

A

Lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Serial Homology

A

Many biramous appendages (modified to do multiple functions) are homologous to each other. Crayfish possess most elaborate in animal kingdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Crustacea are mostly marine…

A
  • have 2 pairs of antennae
  • mandibles
  • 2 maxillae on head
  • all appendages are biramous (2 main branches)
  • most have 16-20 segments, but some have around 60
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cephalothorax

A

One or more thoracic segments are fused w head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Largest class…

A

Malacostraca. Lobsters, crabs, shrimp, etc. 5 heads, 8 thorax, 6 abdomen segments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carapace

A

covering from dorsal cuticle of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hemocoel

A

Major body space in arthropods is a persistent blastocoel that is blood filled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Muscular system is mostly made up of…

A

striated muscles…flexors that draw apart towards the body and extensors that extend the part outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Respiratory system

A

Gas exchange occurs across thin areas of cuticle. Large crustaceans have gills. Caraspace overlaps gill cavity leaving anterior and ventral openings

17
Q

Circulatory system

A

no veins and no separation of blood from interstitial fluid

18
Q

Hemolymph (blood and interstitial fluid)

A

part of the circulatory system. Leaves heart through arteries, circulates hemocoel and returns to sinus spaces before entering heart. Hemolymph enters heart from surrounding pericardial sinus, into one or more arteries. Valves prevent backflow. Small arteries empty into tissue sinuses which discharge into large sternal sinus. From there hemplymph is carried to gills.

19
Q

Hemolyanin

A

Copper containing respiratory pigment

20
Q

hemoglobin

A

iron containing respiratory pigment

21
Q

Excretory system

A

pair of tubular structures located in ventral part of head. Antennal glands/maxillary glands. Depending on where they open. Filtrate is excreted as urine after resorption of salts, amino acids, glucose, and some water

22
Q

Nervous System and sensory systems

A

supraesophageal ganglia- brain consists of this pair that supplies nerves to eyes and two pairs of antennae
Subesophageal ganglion - fusion of at least 5 pairs of ganglia that supply serves to mouth, appendages, esophagus, and antennal glands

23
Q

tactile hairs

A

delicate projections of sensory cuticle. Increase pigmentation to attract. vision and orientation are biggest.

24
Q

Ommatida

A

compound eyes, composed of many photoreceptor units

25
Q

Statolith

A

give 3D orientations to surroundings

26
Q

Setae

A

sensing surroundings

27
Q

functions of setae

A

chemoreception - if crab smells another crab molting, it will molt too
Mechanoreception - feeling something on leg w/out looking
Physical attachments: ovigerous - hairs to hold eggs on belly
Decorator - put things on shell to blend
Filter Feeding - wave arms and eat what collects

28
Q

Molting

A

process of making large cuticle and ecdysis, shedding of cuticle to become larger

29
Q

Cuticle

A

secreted by underlying epidermal cells

30
Q

Epicuticle

A

outermost layer

31
Q

Exocuticle

A

chitin, calcium salts, protein

32
Q

Endocuticle

A

heavily calcified initial layer and uncalcified membranous layer

33
Q

Epidermis

A

columnar cells that elongate based on water absorption, secreted cuticles

34
Q

Ecdysis

A

massive energetic process that affects behavior, metabolism, reproduction. Often occurs in younger organisms, slows or may cease in adults

35
Q

MIH

A

Molt-inhibiting hormone (secreted by Xorgan). Xorgan affects pigmentation and is in eyestalk

36
Q

Feeding habits

A

varies greatly among crustaceans. Filter feeding, predation, deritivores. Have highly specialized appendages to aid different feeding types

37
Q

Gastric mill

A

first part of the crayfish stomach where food is further ground by three calccerous teeth into particles fine enough to pass through setae filter in 2nd part

38
Q

Crustaceans

A

over 67,000 species (study worksheet)

39
Q

Malacostraca

A

Most diverse copepoda (fresh and salt water) and ostracoda (fresh water). These are most abundant.

Zoology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions