exam 3 chapter 7 psychopatholog

Question 1

mood

Answer 1

our emotional state of mind or how we frame things

Question 2

Mood changes in depressive or bipolar disorders 4

Answer 2

1 Affect a persons, daily life, 2 continues for months, 3 often occur for no reason, 4 reactions are extreme comparing to what is currently happening.

Question 3

depression

Answer 3

intense feelings of sadness and worthlessness leads to withdrawal from others, changes in emotional reactions, thinking, behavior and physical well-being

Question 4

rumination

Answer 4

continuous overthinking of past events, often occurs during depressive episodes.

Question 5

Depressive and bipolar affects what MCBP

Answer 5

mood, cognition, behavior and physiological

Question 6

physiological changes in depression

Answer 6

gain or loss of weight, sleep disturbance and unexplained aches and pain. reduced sexual activity

Question 7

What is the difference between hypomania and expansive move?

Answer 7

Hypomania is a milder form of mania, increases activity with goals in mind. Expansive act impulsive and act extremely overconfident

Question 8

Mania

Answer 8

Changes of emotions from excitement to irritability impairs social functioning

Question 9

Differences between mania and hypomia

Answer 9

hypo mania is less severe and noticeable change in moods. Mania is very noticeable and impacts daily functioning can include episodes of psychosis

Question 10

psychosis

Answer 10

loss of contact with reality and have distorted view of reality

Question 11

symptomps of mania and hypo mania 7

Answer 11

1 emotional ability unstable and rapidly changing moods. 2 grandiosity over inflated ego, or belief that they are special.3 pressured speech rapid loud and difficult to understand 4 flight of ideas rapidly change ideas, distracted easily and incoherent thoughts 5 impuslive inapporriate behaviors 6 lack of sleep without feeling tired, and 7 increased arousal

Question 12

Major depressive episode

Answer 12

2 time week period where a person has depressive symptoms that impairs functioning for 2 weeks

Question 13

what are the change of functions for MDE

Answer 13

1 depressed mood, feelings of sadness, or emptiness 2 loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities. Must experience one of these symptoms for at least 2 weeks for nearly every day

Question 14

The symptoms of MDE 7 symptoms

Answer 14

Must experience 4 of these for 2 weeks, 1 significant weight loss or gain increases or decreases on appetitite. 2 persistent changes in sleep patterns, 3 observable restlessness or slowing down 4 persistent fatigue or loss of energy, 5 feelings of guilt or worthlessness 6 difficulty in decision making or concentration, 7suicidal behaviors or recurrent thoughts of death

Question 15

persistent depressive disorder or dysthymia

Answer 15

feelings of MDE over two year time period with no more than 2 months symptom

Question 16

Low levels of of these neurotransmitters associated with depression SND

Answer 16

serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine

Question 17

circadian rhythm

Answer 17

an internal clock or daily cycle of internal biological rhythms that influence various bodily processes such as temperature and sleep wake cycles

Question 18

co-rumination

Answer 18

consistently discussing negative outcomes or feelings with others

Question 19

learned helplessness

Answer 19

a belief that you can not change an outcome you give up quickly

Question 20

Positive vs negative attributional style

Answer 20

positive people look at situations externally, specfic situations, and situations as unstable, while negative people, look internally, specific and globally at situations

Question 21

self-contempt bias

Answer 21

people tend to blame themselves more rather others

Question 22

what are the four different types of therapy for depression

Answer 22

1 behavioral activation therapy, 2 interpersonal, psychotherapy, 3 cognitive behavioral therapy, 4 mindfulsness based cognitive therapy

Question 23

behavioral activation therapy

Answer 23

Focus is on increasing participation in enjoyable social events. Helps improve social skills, facilitating social interactions.

Question 24

interpersonal psychotherapy

Answer 24

therapy that works on improving current and present relationship by improving communication, increasing social skills, identify role conflicts.

Question 25

cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 25

therapy that identifies negative ways of thinking and replaces the way of thinking with a more realistic thought process Identify negative thoughts and find the connection between negative thought and your emotion.

Question 26

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy,

Answer 26

involves having a non-judgemental attitude toward yourself and others while also being in tuned with your feelings, emotions and thoughts in the present moment.

Question 27

Symptoms of manic or hypomanic episodes

Answer 27

must have 3 of the following for a week nearly everyday. 1 exaggerated self-esteem, 2 decreased need for sleep, 3 unusually talkative or seems pressured to talk 4 racing thoughts or frequent change of topics, 5 Gets distracted easily 6 increased social or work related goal directed activity sexual activity or physical restlessness 7 impulsive involvement in activities that have negative consequences

Question 28

Bipolar 1

Answer 28

involves having 1 manic episode that interferes and impacts your life. May have or may not have depressive symptoms.

Question 29

Bipolar II

Answer 29

involves at least having a MDE that lasts two weeks and at least one hypomanic episode that lasts more than 4 days.

Question 30

what are the differencees between Bipolar I and II

Answer 30

bipolar 1 has no MDE diagnosis while Bipolar II needs at least one MDE . Severity of the symptoms when in the manic state vary as well, bipolar 1 needs a manic episode for at least 1 week for nearly everyday, bipolar II needs a hypomanic episode must have symptoms for at least 4 days

Question 31

cyclothymic disorder

Answer 31

disorder in which a person has hypomanic and depressive mood symptoms for at least 2 years for at least half the time and never be symptom free for more than 2 months.

Question 32

Rapid cycling

Answer 32

the occurrence of four or more mood episodes per year

Question 33

elevated levels of what is increased in bipolar

Answer 33

glutamate a neurotransmitter with stimulatory functions is increased in bipolar disorders

Question 34

treatments for bipolar disorders

Answer 34

medications mood stabilizers lithium, or medication that treat the symptoms being experienced. family focused therapy, interpersonal therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness interventions