Flashcards in Exam 3- Diabetic Meds Deck (47)
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1
Metformin/Glucophage
Biguanides
2
Chlorpropamide/Diabinese
Sulfonylurea (1st gen)
3
Tolbutamide/Orinase
Sulfonylurea (1st gen)
4
Glipizide/Glucotrol
Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)
5
Glyburide/Micronase, Diabeta
Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)
6
Glimepiride/Amaryl
Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)
7
Nateglinide/Starlix
Meglitinides
8
Repaglinide/Prandin
Meglitinides
9
Rosiglitazone/Avandia
Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)
10
Pioglitazone/ACTOS
Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)
11
Troglitazone/Rezulin
Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones) (LETHAL SE)
12
Acarbose/Precose
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
13
Miglitol/Glyset
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
14
Sitagliptin/Januvia
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
15
Pramlinitide/Smylin
Aylin Agonist Analog (Injectable)
16
Exenatide/Byetta
Incretin mimetics (Injectable)
17
#1 Dec liver production of glucose #2 increase insulin sensitivity in the periphery
Biguanide (Metformin/Glucophage)
18
Increase insulin production in the pancreas (secretagogues); bind ATP sensitive K+ channels in beta cells = inc insulin release
Sulfonylurea (Glipizide/Glucotrol); Meglitinides (Nateglinide/Starlix)
19
dec peripheral insulin resistance in skeletal m., fat cells, and liver cells by affecting gene expression of PPAR gamma #2 dec liver production of glucose
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) / Glitazones (Rosiglitazone/Avandia)
20
Interferes with carbohydrate absorption at the GI Brush border
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (Acarbose/Precose)
21
Diminish the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP, which serves to increase the secretion of insulin and suppress release of glucagon.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
22
Slow gastric emptying and suppress glucagon production
Aylin agonist analogs (Pramlintide/Symlin)
23
Enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress increased glucagon secretion and also slow gastric emptying (mimics Glucagon-like peptide 1)
Incretin mimetics (Exenatide/Byetta)
24
Do not give to people with sulfa allergies
Sulfonylureas: Chlorpropamide/Diabinese, Tolbutamide/Orinase, Glipizide/Glucotrol, Glyburide/Micronase, Diabeta, Glimepiride/Amaryl
25
B12 def
Biguanide (Metformin/Glucophage)
26
Lactic acidosis, esp in ppl with renal impairment
Biguanide (Metformin/Glucophage)
27
weight loss
Biguanide (Metformin/Glucophage)
28
weight gain
Sulfonylureas (Glipizide/Glucotrol)
29
Ineffective after 5-10 years
Sulfonylureas (Glipizide/Glucotrol)
30
Med induced hypoglycemia
Sulfonylureas (Glipizide/Glucotrol) and Meglitinides (Nateglinide/Starlix)
31
Do not use with Sulfonylureas
Meglitinides (Nateglinide/Starlix)
32
Rapid absorption, rapid clearance
Meglitinides (Nateglinide/Starlix)
33
Takes 6-14 wks for full effects
Glitazones (TZDs) (Rosiglitazone/Avandia)
34
CHF
Glitazones (TZDs) (Rosiglitazone/Avandia)
35
Only ACTOS with insulin
Glitazones (TZDs) (Rosiglitazone/Avandia)
36
Liver function tests
Glitazones (TZDs) (Rosiglitazone/Avandia)
37
Inc bone fractures
Glitazones (TZDs) (Rosiglitazone/Avandia)
38
Fatal hepatic failure (rare)
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose/precose)
39
If hypoglycemia, use glucose not sucrose
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose/precose)
40
C/I with intestinal dz
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose/precose)
41
Inc risk for pancreatitis
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors (Sitagliptin/Januvia)
42
Ok with Metformin, TZDs, Sulfonylureas but NO INSULIN
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors (Sitagliptin/Januvia)
43
First approved injectable since insulin
Aylin Agonist Analogs (Pramlintide/Symlin)
44
Synthetic version of amylin (produced with insulin in beta cells)
Aylin Agonist Analogs (Pramlintide/Symlin)
45
Synthetic exendin-4
Incretin mimetics (Exenatide/Byetta)
46
Gila monster spit
Incretin mimetics (Exenatide/Byetta)
47
